Report - DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi

** 5SFOET JO FNJTTJPOT
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In 1990, the relative contribution in acid equivalents was almost equal for the
three gases SO2, NOx and NH3. In 2010, the most important acidification factor
in Denmark is ammonia nitrogen and the relative contributions for SO2,
NOX and NH3 were 6 %, 36 % and 58 %, respectively. However, with regard
to long-range transport of air pollution, SO2 and NOX are still the most important
pollutants.
4VMQIVS EJPYJEF 40
The main part of the SO2 emission originates from combustion of fossil fuels,
i.e. mainly coal and oil, in public power and district heating plants. From
1980 to 2010, the total emission decreased by 97 %. The large reduction is
mainly due to installation of desulphurisation plants and use of fuels with
lower content of sulphur in public power and district heating plants. Despite
the large reduction of the SO2 emissions, these plants make up 28 % of the
total emission. Also emissions from industrial combustion plants, nonindustrial
combustion plants and other mobile sources are important. National
sea traffic (navigation and fishing) contributes with about 13 % of the
total SO2 emission in 2010. This is due to the use of residual oil with high
sulphur content.
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The largest sources of emissions of NOX are road transport followed by other
mobile sources and combustion in energy industries (mainly public power
and district heating plants). The transport sector is the sector contributing
the most to the emission of NOX and, in 2010, 45 % of the Danish emissions
of NOX stems from road transport, national navigation, railways and civil
aviation. Also emissions from national fishing and off-road vehicles contribute
significantly to the NOX emission. For non-industrial combustion plants,
the main sources are combustion of gas oil, natural gas and wood in residential
plants. The emissions from energy industries have decreased by 72 %
from 1985 to 2010. In the same period, the total emission decreased by 53 %.
The reduction is due to the increasing use of catalyst cars and installation of
low-NOX burners and denitrifying units in power plants and district heating
plants.
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Almost all atmospheric emissions of NH3 result from agricultural activities.
Only a minor fraction originates from road transport (1.9 %) and stationary
combustion (0.3 %). This share for road transport increased during the
1990’ties and early 2000’s due to growing use of catalyst cars. In more recent
years the share is again decreasing due to more advanced catalysts being
implemented. The major part of the emission from agriculture stems from
livestock manure (85 %) and the largest losses of ammonia occur during the
handling of the manure in stables and in field application. Other contributions
come from use of mineral fertilisers (5 %), N-excretion on pasture
range and paddock (3 %), sewage sludge used as fertiliser, crops and ammonia
used for straw treatment (8 %) and field burning (less than 1 %). The
total ammonia emission decreased by 36 % from 1985 to 2010. This is due to
the active national environmental policy efforts over the past twenty years.