Experimental infection and protection against ... - TI Pharma
Experimental infection and protection against ... - TI Pharma
Experimental infection and protection against ... - TI Pharma
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12 Chapter 1<br />
Preclinical Clinical<br />
Phase 1A Phase 1B Phase 2A Phase 2B Phase 3<br />
Aim Safety, dose, efficacy, long-term effects Safety & dose Safety & dose Efficacy & side Efficacy & side Adverse<br />
effects effects reactions <strong>and</strong><br />
long-term<br />
Population Rodent <strong>and</strong>/or simian Non-endemic Endemic Non-endemic Endemic Endemic<br />
Duration 3-6 years 3-12 months 3-12 months 3-24 months 3-24 months 3 years<br />
Typical size of<br />
test group<br />
~10 ~10 ~10 100-300 10,000-50,000<br />
FMP2.1/AS02A (AMA-1 3D7 E. coli-expressed in<br />
Erythrocytic vaccine c<strong>and</strong>idates<br />
Combined vaccine<br />
c<strong>and</strong>idates<br />
Transmissio<br />
n blocking<br />
vaccine<br />
c<strong>and</strong>idates<br />
GMZ2<br />
MSP3 [181-276]<br />
AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel ® + CPG 7909<br />
AdCh63/MVA MSP1<br />
FMP2.1/AS01B (AMA-1 3D7 E. coli expressed<br />
in ASO1B adjuvant)<br />
AdCh63 AMA1/MVA AMA1<br />
EBA175 RII<br />
FMP010/AS01B (MSP-1 42 FVO E. coliexpressed<br />
in AS01B adjuvant)<br />
SE36<br />
BSAM-2/Alhydrogel®+CPG 7909<br />
JAIVAC (MSP1 19/EBA175)<br />
P27A<br />
pfAMA1 DiCo<br />
PAM VAR2CSA<br />
Var2-CSA DBL2/3-X<br />
MSP1 full length<br />
FMP1/AS02A (MSP-1 42 3D7 E. coli-expressed<br />
in AS02A adjuvant)<br />
MSP2-C1/ISA720<br />
AMA1-FVO [25-545]<br />
PfCP2.9 (MSP-1 19/AMA-1 chimera)<br />
GLURP [85-213]<br />
MSP1-C1/AlOH/AlOH + CpG<br />
AMA1-C1/ ISA720<br />
AMA-1 (Australia)<br />
NMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA<br />
CSP, AMA1 virosomes (PEV 301,302)<br />
SR11.1<br />
NMRC-M3V-Ad-Pf5<br />
RESA, MSP1, MSP2 (combination B)<br />
FP9/MVA Polyprotein<br />
RTS,S/AS02 <strong>and</strong> FMP1/AS02<br />
NMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA in Adjuvant (7DW8-5)<br />
Pf10C-MBP<br />
Pfs25-rEPA/Alhydrogel<br />
Pfs25-Pfs25 conjugate vaccine<br />
Pfs25<br />
Figure 2 (continued): Malaria vaccines in (pre-)clinical development. Vaccines in lighter<br />
shades have stopped or halted in development. [16]<br />
research efforts <strong>and</strong> a significant increase in the number of vaccine c<strong>and</strong>idates<br />
being developed, there is no licensed malaria vaccine yet.<br />
Malaria vaccine development<br />
Developments in molecular techniques have advanced the development of<br />
malaria vaccine c<strong>and</strong>idates to a current number of approximately 36 Pf<br />
c<strong>and</strong>idate (sub-unit) malaria vaccines in clinical development [11], an overview is<br />
provided in Figure 2. Only a fraction of lead vaccine c<strong>and</strong>idates entering the
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