A Dictionary of Non-Scientific Names of Freshwater Crayfishes ...
A Dictionary of Non-Scientific Names of Freshwater Crayfishes ...
A Dictionary of Non-Scientific Names of Freshwater Crayfishes ...
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26<br />
crefysshe Although freshwater crayfishes are found<br />
naturally in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and Belize,<br />
this is a doubtful reference to freshwater crayfishes<br />
sensu stricto, as the description apparently is <strong>of</strong> animals<br />
inhabiting southern Central America, probably Panama.<br />
More likely, the animals referred to were atyid<br />
shrimps. ".. .full <strong>of</strong> gressehoppers, grylles, crabbes or<br />
crefysshes...." [U.K.: Middle English?] Eden,<br />
1555:115. See crefyshe and creuysshe.<br />
creifis ASTACIDAE [Romania] Schoenkron,<br />
1952:100.<br />
crepel = "a little creeper, or crawfish." ASTACI<br />
DAE [U.K.: Old English] Bosworth, 1881:61. Toller,<br />
1921:134, says crepel = crib. In this case, crib<br />
may be a form <strong>of</strong> crab, as in Wright, 1898, vol. 1:761.<br />
But Toller, 1898:170, shows crepel = a burrow.<br />
There may be a certain obscure consistency in all <strong>of</strong><br />
this.<br />
creues ASTACIDAE "A creues, dyght hym thus:<br />
depart hym a-sonder, & sly tee the belly...." [U.K.:<br />
Middle English] Wynken de Worde, 1413, in Furnivall,<br />
1868, page 281, line 20.<br />
creuesses ASTACIDAE "Pan comes dare-out creuesses<br />
-<strong>of</strong> many kins hewis, Scorpions bairn to scere •&<br />
scalid neddirs, And bai so large & so laith •& so lowd<br />
schrikis, bat all be soile <strong>of</strong> ba sidis...." [U.K.: Middle<br />
English; probably 1400-1450] The Wars <strong>of</strong> Alexander,<br />
edited from MS. Ashmole 44 in the Bodlean Library,<br />
Oxford, and MS. D.4.12 in the Library <strong>of</strong> Trinity<br />
College, Dublin, by Walter W. Skeat 1886:219, line<br />
3864. Hendrickson, 1987:139, says crayfish, first<br />
recorded as creuesse in England early in the 15th<br />
century, was corrupted to crayfish by 1597, but he<br />
gives no additional details; he may have this reference<br />
in mind. See crevesses. But also see creuez and creuis,<br />
dating from 1390-1 and 1345-6, respectively.<br />
creuez ASTACIDAE "Item, pro pikerell et creuez, j<br />
due. lxviij s." [U.K.: Middle English] Expeditions to<br />
Prussia and the Holy Land... 1390-1 and 1392-3, in<br />
Smith, Lucy T., 1894, 215/20.<br />
creuis ASTACIDAE "In creuis empt. pro pitancia<br />
Conuentus." [U.K.: Middle English, 14th century]<br />
Sacrist Rolls <strong>of</strong> Ely, 1345-6, in Chapman, 1908, vol.<br />
2:129; "The tayle <strong>of</strong> a lobster, or river Creuis."<br />
[U.K.: Middle English] Dodoens, 1557:60.<br />
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY<br />
creuviche ASTACIDAE, Astacus astacus (Astacus<br />
nobilis, A. fluviatilis, and Potamobius fluviatilis).<br />
[France] Gozmany, 1979:118. Andre, 1960:133,<br />
specifies Bourgogne; Rolland, 1881:230, specifies Coted'Or.<br />
creuvisse ASTACIDAE, Astacus astacus (A. nobilis,<br />
A. fluviatilis, and Potamobius fluviatilis). [France]<br />
Gozmany, 1979:118. Andre, 1960:133, specifies Bourgogne;<br />
Belloc, 1899:141. specifies Cote-d'Or.<br />
creuysshe ASTACIDAE "...hath in the steade <strong>of</strong><br />
flesshe a certeyne substance like vnto the flesshe <strong>of</strong><br />
creuysshes" [U.K.: Middle English] Eden, 1555:302.<br />
See crefysshe.<br />
creveiceron ASTACIDAE, "petite ecrevisse."<br />
[France: 13th century] Greimas, 1969:150-151.<br />
crevesses ASTACIDAE "Than comes thare out<br />
crevesses/ <strong>of</strong> manykins hewis/ Scorpions thaim to<br />
scere/and scalid neddirs...." [U.K.: Middle English;<br />
1400-1450] Stevenson, 1849, line 3864. Note that this<br />
is another rendition <strong>of</strong> the same manuscript described<br />
under creuesses, above, but using the "th" instead <strong>of</strong><br />
the thorn and a v instead <strong>of</strong> a u in crevesses.<br />
crevet ASTACIDAE [Netherlands] van Maerlant,<br />
1266-1269 (1878), Boek V:9, footnote to line 252.<br />
crevette ASTACIDAE [Netherlands] van Maerlant,<br />
1266-1269(1878), p. 10, foot- note to line 274.<br />
creveys ASTACIDAE [U.K.: Middle English]<br />
Anonymous, 1460, Ms. K.<br />
crevez dew douz ASTACIDAE "...to rost Eles/<br />
lampurnes/ Crevez dew douz, and breme de mere...."<br />
[U.K.: England; Middle English] Russell, ca. 1475, in<br />
Furnivall, 1868:174, line 848.<br />
crevice (Sense 1) ASTACIDAE, [France: end <strong>of</strong><br />
13th century] Belloc, 1899:141, referring to Belon,<br />
1555; [France: 11-14th centuries, dialects <strong>of</strong> northern<br />
France (Langue d'Oil)] Bos, 1891:114; "(A) crevice,<br />
first a spron frey, then a shrimp, then a sprawn, and<br />
when it is large then called a crevice." [U.K.: English]<br />
Randle Holme ca. 1688, quoted by Phipson, 1883:435;<br />
"Crab, cray-fish, or crevice" [U.K.: Middle English]<br />
Ainsworth, 1783. Said by Rolland, 1881:230, to be<br />
related to Old High German Krebiz, and to date from