measurement methods of soil, water, plant and fruit, in berry ... - NJF

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METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR WARNING SYSTEMS AND FRUIT STORAGE Christer Tornéus Swedish Board of Agriculture christer.tornéus@sjv.se Summary Weather data, as a basis for estimating various biological developments, has become an important resource in our efforts to produce food with more environmental-friendly methods. Several soft wares deal with plant diseases and pests or are used as decision support tools for plant nutrition management. Some soft wares for weather data presentation and disease prediction are mentioned. A management system consists of three parts; a model based on biological research, a collecting system for weather data and software for combining those into a user-friendly interface. Mainly three different types of weather stations are used in Sweden; Metos, Adcon and Campbell. Some discriminating features are presented. They are used either as stand-alone instruments or in smaller networks. At least one of the systems has options that make it suitable for storage room monitoring. Weather data can also be obtained from SMHI (Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute). Whether the sensors should be placed in or near the crop, or according to the rules for “normal” stations used by public institutes like SMHI, is another important issue. A project (Lantmet) is going on with the main object to gather weather data in one place and make it accessible on the Internet. Other items discussed in this lecture are weak points in the field part, especially leaf wetness sensors and relative air humidity sensors. Some systems calculate the leaf wetness periods and there are two types of sensors used, with two different ways of presenting the leaf wetness status. The importance of high quality system maintenance and a validation system for the database is also emphasized.
SIZE AND WATER CONTENT OF SPUR BUDS IN ‘LAPINS’ SWEET CHERRY ON 27 DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS Ivar Dencker KVL, Department of Agr. Sci., 2630 Tåstrup, Danmark Bjarne Hjelmsted Pedersen DJF, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev, Danmark During the last decades many rootstocks have been tested in sweet cherry (Prunus avium), and the search for a dwarfing rootstock with good compatibility continues in rootstock trials in most parts of the world. Traditionally, rootstocks are evaluated in long-term trials by their yield efficiency, but it is also known that the rootstock affects both fruit set and frost hardiness of cherry trees. Fruit set ability is related to floral bud size in several tree fruit species, and the frost hardiness of cherry buds depends on their water content during the freezing period. The present investigation was carried out to test the rootstock effect on bud size and bud water content in 3-year-old sweet cherry cv. Lapins on 27 different rootstocks. The buds were sampled in November 2000 after complete leaf abscission but before the first night frost. Only lateral buds from spurs shorter than 2 cm were included. The spurs were situated on 2-year-old wood and had at least three floral buds. Buds were broken off, put into sealed plastic tubes, placed directly on ice and brought to the lab for fresh and dry matter determination. The average bud size was significantly affected by rootstock and ranged between 15 and 25 mg dry matter. Many of the rootstocks from the Giessen breeding program had very large buds, the nine rootstocks with the largest buds all being Gisela selections. Especially, the Giessen hybrids of Prunus canescens turned out to have large buds on the spurs. The two Czech rootstocks P-HL-A and P-HL-B both had very small buds. There was not any clear relationship between known rootstock vigor and bud size. Bud water content ranged between 114 and 137 (measured as percentage of dry matter) and was affected by rootstock as well. The six rootstocks with the highest water content were all dwarfing or semi-dwarfing. Especially Piku 4.20, P-HL-B and the Weiroot selections 53 and 158 had high water contents in the buds, and those four could all be separated from 17 rootstocks with a water content below 121 percent. The usability and importance of early testing methods in rootstock trials in sweet cherry are discussed.
Page 1 and 2: NJF SEMINAR NO 333 MEASUREMENT METH
Page 3 and 4: COMPARISON OF SOIL-N AND LEAF-N AND
Page 5 and 6: Figure 1. Graphical presentation of
Page 7 and 8: The total uncertainty in the result
Page 9 and 10: Leaf analysis shows all nutrients a
Page 11 and 12: PRELIMINARY RESULTS WITH AWETA ACOU
Page 13 and 14: picking fruits when the changes in
Page 15 and 16: FIRMNESS IN PLUMS - COMPARISONS OF
Page 17 and 18: (Rosaceae). It has firm fruits that
Page 19: References FISCHER, M. AND AMADÒ,
Page 23 and 24: EVALUATION OF THREE METHODS TO ASSE
Page 25 and 26: lagring, och fruktträdens närings
Page 27: historia. Han menade också att en

measurement methods of soil, water, plant and fruit, in berry ... - NJF

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