t - International Brotherhood Of Electrical Workers

The Journal of ELECTRICAL WORKERS and Operalors
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
Workers
understand process underlving
trade compacts
al Between A'at ion
nadei ig ' ee eni
l
it eoneessions on it, the
United States proIduced agricultural machinery
-12.2 pIr cent greater ill value
thal was produced in the pre-agreement
yeaI M9P/5. A titul of 32.2 per cent nore
man-hours' uf labor was proviled for
American witrkers in this industry in
DuiniIl the lihst ilvth Secretary Hall
arid i}heIth }aVe' oli1peari'd be1fore the Sen- 1937 Ihai in 119:5. In 1937, 30.4
aIte
per eent
F[ueit ](elatjtions Committee to de- or e
scribe
w9ge
thiearners
lioc-s
were employed
andl to kln
making
for an
agriultural nmachinery than were
extiellsuo
so em-
of the ITth d Agreement. Act. plyd two years before ...
laboir his been enlangle d in tii situa- "There were ,1 6 million Imoe miar-
[ion. Willim Green, prslidunt of the hours of labor directly employed
CORDEIL M. LIlUI
A nericil,
in nmn-
Flederalion of Labor, has made
ufa-titring
He tliarul es (or more
it
iatIonl
lear
agricultural mnachinery
lIde
that
It-lI
the
for
Atmericani Federation export in 1938 tLIhan there were
of Labor
in 1935.
is rot opp.sed to tile trade But before these THE
agreement
4.6 million
word awmeeiritnt
program.
hous
Labor
of
is used
leders
freq-iltly
sit- work could
to
ting
bei
dsri
in
p
trbe
Miami,
ormed,
iodi
Fie.
other
coi
this
work
.Plnlts
ontnlh are
in the
d is- vas provided
THull ers.ing
ii producing
trade program.
this important
raw materials
Thihs is
problem.
nIot
and transporting them
cident, iasnlieh
Let
to where
as
us look
the
theii lull
at
ma
what
process
Mr. Illl
of
did in chinery was mlanufiactureld.
the
After
setting
case
the
of
Pia-
uip
our
trade
neighbor
eIclaIetS
to
ivelves
the south,
nego
chinery was
Brazil.
made. there
In
tiations
the
was employment
agreement
with which
of
labor
1935
is l
with
inliar under
for railruad workers,
Brazil,
for
the
the
United
truck
tern
States
drivers
collective
agreed
bargaininig.
to keep
Rpre-
I and stevedores in connection
91 per cent
with
sentativrs,
of
its
the
frol
imports
tWO nations
on the free
sit down to-
shipiment. Thse things
gether, discuss their
list,
naturally
trailde
and
problems
to
in-
redue
ind
duties on 2.5 per cent
beginl to
oC
adjust
the
volvred
differences
imports.
lmuch
The
just
United
elommunication,
as rep-
States low-
which
)rovildd
resentativesened
vork
the duty
for stenographers,
of workers
by ione-half
le[rks
ind ermplayers
on minganese
iand
sit down
ore,
for
to
Brazil
postil,
negotiate
nuts
telephone
and
an agroemant.
castr
and
hean.
telgraph
It
In employees',"
is the
return
process
Brazil
of peace
agreed
and
to
it
reduce
is the
duties Dr. Terry goes
heart of
oil
on
the
28
to
Hull
tariff
explain
trade
items
program.
affecting
what
It is the
imports con- the "most-favored-nation"
ig la rgely from
lause
the United
really
opposite
States. These
to var.
means in the
The
items
Hull
Congressional
included
program:
automobies,
Act under which
certain
Mr.
kinds 'Moreover, the most-favored.nation
of machinery, fresh
11u1
fruit
carries
and
on his
cereals.
healing and importsit
larrangement is an excellent bargain for
service is called the Trade Agreemnnts L,1ABOR BENEFITS
us, in thit it gives us advantage of ilore
Act. To uiderstand its goal and its ne-
tariff concessions than we grant. As illiiseessity,
one merely needs to turn back To date trade agreement h)ave been trative. D)pairtient of State ealeula-
the pages of history a little For the last sitned with 21 different countries. }Lw lions. based on figures for 1934, show
50 yea's nations have been operating doas all this affect American lhbor? This Ameriiu iaiports which were subject to
upon protective tariff policy as dislin is an important qui*1tion. Dr. Isad r inreaset by vihtue of lion areeenlnt
guished from free trade. A tariff is noth- Labin, Comn,issioner of Labor Statistic, countrios taking advantage of concessions
trig more than a tax on i.coni. g products told the House Ways and Mean. Corn nmade in agreements amounted to Some
in order to enable inanUfar(trers of sinli- mirtee that $00,000 jobs directly and $30,000,00(10. American exports which, belar
products at home to undlersell to the countless othes indirectly hall been cause of the r..ist favored-nation, I icey,
domestic consuner his foreign eompelti- created as a result of the recjpr..cal trade were given the benefits of p,,ferential
tots. Mr. Hull does not oppose taiffs. agreements. I)r. ulin doubted i single duties which would not othlerwie iaply
lie mrelyf points out that there is a tdif- American worbman had lon hi job be to Anlmeriall ploducts aimounel t. p,lerenee
between tarifs as revenue and cause of ay concesslins granted to a mroxinlately $2(5.000.000. Thus. we gave
tariffs as nlstruentii 8 f economic foreign country. Dr. .ubin stressed the benerfits on $3f0Of00.00' of trade and ie
wlafare.
fact that 17 I ndustritis had benefited from ceived benefits on $265,000,000 of tara.
thie trade agreenmnt progiina.
PUTTING
In
GATES
this "'Ars ealirpies f how the most-f .vored-
IN WAILS
listing he placed electrical mliiufaeturaoion clausi in the i.re..enn Is has
During the great war of 1914 .i.i to ing, radios anild phonographs, ils well as served to remove diselhnimiations agairst
tihe present, tariffs starting out to be automobiles, faundry machine shop piod- Armeeiean trade: Ill the agreemen which
in many instances tariffs fir rLeveue beacts, agricultura inpl.ments. tires and became .ieeftive .June 15, 1936. France
caLe ins'truments of e.o.nomic aggres- tubes, hardware, stoves, rubber goods. first granted us must-favored-rLItion
sion. In short. file atlo..ks of thie woId, wiir, textile machinciery. cash register treatmeit. Consequently, we wre aide to
while they were talking peace, began to typewriters. rubiber ootl and shos,. rest take advalntage of prefereitial duties not
build w alls ar-oinnd themselves--tariff iron pipes, cutlery and edged tools previously- available to us in respect L to
waflls that l srt r g ed internat.inal Recently the Carnegie Endowment for 4.328 tariff posilions. Canada phrigede us
trade. Mr. Hull as a great diplomat has I[ateriatiral Peaet dfistriburtd a panm- most-favored-nrd-ation treatment in the
not undlertkaken to tear dlow,, these [liff phh in alo ... g Aleican trade unionists agreenient which becanie effetive 3rnar-
walls, lie merely tri-s t put a gate by J. Willam Terry enlltitled "Arnerican ary 10 16, and in consequence loweted
here aniI a gate there or lift a ladder ,Labor and the Trade Agreements.' This duties that Canada had granted cer-
over the edifice ii, order tI let a little pamphlet takes much the same point of tain other counitries bretine alplicable
trade trickle through or hoist commn.odi- view as Dr. Lubir. Dr. Terry uldertakes to imports from the United States on 600
ties abve obstruetions and thius ease the to present figurs to utpo)pohi Is thesis: itoen ..
impossiele situaltin.
"In 1937, after eight c tr. ies had
ContHinued il L pac I0N