Residual Strength and Fatigue Lifetime of ... - Solid Mechanics
Residual Strength and Fatigue Lifetime of ... - Solid Mechanics Residual Strength and Fatigue Lifetime of ... - Solid Mechanics
Debond radius (mm) 100 90 80 70 60 a/b=1.1 a/b=1 90 0 27 50 45 90 72 50 40 40 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 Cycle Cycle (a) (b) Figure 4.21: Debond radius vs. cycle for sandwich panels with elliptical debond with an a/b ratio of (a) a/b=1.1 and (b) a/b=1. For debonded panels with a/b=1.1, the radius in locations along the debond front converges fast. For the circular debond, due to similar energy release rate and phase angle in different locations along the debond front, the debond shape does not change as the debond grows, and remains circular. The number of simulation cycles and the computational efficiency of the simulations are shown in Table 4.4. By exploiting the cycle jump method, an approximate 80% reduction in computational time is achieved. Furthermore, it appears that despite using the same control parameter, the number of simulated cycles is different for panels with different debond a/b ratio because of different behaviour of the state variables (energy release rate and phase angle) for each case. Table 4.4: Number of jumped cycles and computational efficiency for the simulation of debonded panels with the control parameter qG=q=4 for 2500 cycles. a/b Number of simulated cycles R=Njumped/Ntotal 1.7 588 0.77 1.4 376 0.85 1.1 288 0.89 1 415 0.83 84 Debond radius (mm) 100 80 70 60
4.5 Conclusion A cycle jump method for accelerated simulation of fatigue crack growth in a bimaterial interface was presented in this chapter. The proposed method is based on finite element analysis for a set of cycles to establish a trend line, extrapolating the trend line which spans many cycles, and use the extrapolated state as an initial state for additional finite element simulations. Two finite element routines for accelerated fatigue crack growth simulation were developed. The first routine is suitable for 2D crack growth and the second is applicable to any 3D fatigue crack growth simulation with an arbitrary crack front shape. To assess the computational efficiency and accuracy of the developed finite element routines, they were used to simulate face/core interface fatigue crack growth in a sandwich beam (2D) and a sandwich panel (3D). The results were compared with a reference analysis simulating all individual cycles. By application of the cycle jump method, fatigue crack growth in the interface of a sandwich beam was simulated for 500 cycles as a numerical example. The computational efficiency and accuracy of the cycle jump method was discussed and verified based on the three parameters: crack length, difference between maximum and minimum energy release rate in a cycle (G) and mode-mixity phase angle against the reference analysis. The effect of the control parameters governing the implementation of the cycle jump method on the computational efficiency and accuracy was studied. The results suggest that the computational efficiency of the simulations increases considerably with increasing the control parameters. However, the accuracy of the simulations decreases for crack length, G and mode-mixity phase angle determination. For the control parameters qG=q=0.05 the cycle jump method requires 175 cycles to simulate 500 cycles, resulting in a 65% reduction in computational time with reasonably good accuracy (around 1% error). The second routine (3D) was used to simulate fatigue debond propagation in sandwich panels with an elliptical face/core debond at the centre of the panels. To make the simulation suitable for practical applications and due to lack of experimental methods for characterization of the effect of the mode III energy release rate, GIII, on the crack growth rate, only mode I and II components of the strain energy release rate were used in the crack growth routine. However, to analyse the effect of mode III loading at the crack tip, the mode III strain energy release rate was determined along the debond front. It was shown that the mode III crack tip loading is considerable close to the longer radius of the ellipse for an elliptical debond with large a/b radius ratios, which implies the importance of the development of new experimental methods for characterisation of the effect of mode III loading at the crack tip on the crack growth rate in such debond geometries. To examine the accuracy and computational efficiency of the developed 3D cycle jump method, a reference simulation, simulating all individual cycles and simulations based on the cycle jump method with different control parameters were conducted. It was shown that with good accuracy 85
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Debond radius (mm)<br />
100<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
a/b=1.1 a/b=1<br />
90<br />
0 27<br />
50<br />
45<br />
90<br />
72<br />
50<br />
40<br />
40<br />
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500<br />
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500<br />
Cycle<br />
Cycle<br />
(a)<br />
(b)<br />
Figure 4.21: Debond radius vs. cycle for s<strong>and</strong>wich panels with elliptical debond with an a/b<br />
ratio <strong>of</strong> (a) a/b=1.1 <strong>and</strong> (b) a/b=1.<br />
For debonded panels with a/b=1.1, the radius in locations along the debond front converges fast.<br />
For the circular debond, due to similar energy release rate <strong>and</strong> phase angle in different locations<br />
along the debond front, the debond shape does not change as the debond grows, <strong>and</strong> remains<br />
circular. The number <strong>of</strong> simulation cycles <strong>and</strong> the computational efficiency <strong>of</strong> the simulations are<br />
shown in Table 4.4. By exploiting the cycle jump method, an approximate 80% reduction in<br />
computational time is achieved. Furthermore, it appears that despite using the same control<br />
parameter, the number <strong>of</strong> simulated cycles is different for panels with different debond a/b ratio<br />
because <strong>of</strong> different behaviour <strong>of</strong> the state variables (energy release rate <strong>and</strong> phase angle) for<br />
each case.<br />
Table 4.4: Number <strong>of</strong> jumped cycles <strong>and</strong> computational efficiency for the simulation <strong>of</strong><br />
debonded panels with the control parameter qG=q=4 for 2500 cycles.<br />
a/b Number <strong>of</strong> simulated cycles R=Njumped/Ntotal<br />
1.7 588 0.77<br />
1.4 376 0.85<br />
1.1 288 0.89<br />
1 415 0.83<br />
84<br />
Debond radius (mm)<br />
100<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60