Experimental and Numerical Study of Swirling ... - Solid Mechanics

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Experi imental and Numerical N Stud dy of Swirling g Flow in Scaveenging Processs for 2-Stroke Marin ne Diesel Engin nes Figu ure 1.1: Schem matic Picture of Large e Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine with Unifl low Scavenging (pisto on is at BDC). (http: ://sites.google.com m). exhaust t valve. A deta ail descriptionn of all the enngine componnents and theeir respecti ive working is not given here and innterested readder should see (Woody yard, 2009) an nd (McGeorge, , 1999) for furrther details. 1.1.1 Cylinder Exhaust Valve e Sca avenging Ports Two-Strok ke Diesel EEngine Cyccle Chapter 1 Scaveenging Box The sch hematic pictu ures given in figure 1.2 ddemonstrate ddifferent stages during the t two stroke diesel enginne cycle. Eachh stage is discuussed separately below as: a (a) The e piston is at th he bottom deaad centre (BDCC). Both the ccylinder exhauust and d scavenging ports p are openn. The fresh ccold air is enntering into thhe cylinder from sca avenging portss and the exhaaust gases are bbeing scavengeed from m the cylinde er through thee exhaust valvve. The scavennging ports are loca ated above the e BDC. (b) The e piston move es towards thee top dead cenntre (TDC) byy first blockinng the scavenging ports. p The exhhaust valve thhen closes annd the fresh aair 2 Introduction
Experi imental and Numerical N Stud dy of Swirling g Flow in Scaveenging Processs for 2-Stroke Marin ne Diesel Engin nes Figur re 1.2: Schema atic Picture of Two-Str roke Diesel Engine Cycle with Uniflow w Scavenging. (Dam, 2007). insi ide the cylind der is compressed in to a ssmall volumee attaining verry high h pressure and d temperature. (c) The e diesel fuel is injected in thhe compressed air pocket a little before top dead-center (TDC C). The fuel evvaporates andd gets mixed wwith the air annd com mbustion start ts by self-igniition. In 4T500ME-X test enngine, at MANN Die esel A/S, has three t fuel injjection nozzlees mounted oon the cylinder hea ad in a circle with w a spacingg of 120 betwween each noozzle. Howeveer, ther re exist diffe erent nozzle mounting coonfigurations depending oon diff ferent engine designs. d (d) Due e to combusti ion high temmperature and pressure is generated insidde the cylinder caus sing the pistonn to move dowwnward towaards the bottomm dead centre. The e piston forcee is transferreed to the crannkshaft. This is called the ‘Power r Stroke’. (e) Wh hen piston rea aches very cloose to scavengging ports, thee exhaust valvve ope ens before the scavenge pports and somme exhaust gases leaves thhe cylinder through h that (Blowdoown). Then ppiston graduallly uncovers thhe scav venging ports s and fresh aair enters thee cylinder and removes thhe rem maining exhaus st gases as the piston moves up again. Thus it can be unders stood that thee complete scav avenging proceess begins at thhe end of power stroke and ends in the start of ccompression sstroke. Enginee’s Turbocharger is used to derive the scavenging syystem. 1.2 Signific cance of SScavengin ng Processs Chapter 1 Compa ared to four-Stroke enginess where the sscavenging is carried in onne complete piston strok ke, in two strooke engines thhere is a short time availabble 3 Introduction
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