Issue 6 - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology

Small Small and and Medium Medium Medium Scale Scale Industries Industries (SMIs) (SMIs) in in Asia: Asia: Energy, Energy,
Energy,
Environment Environment and and Climate Climate Climate Interrelations
Interrelations
School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, PO Box 4, Klong Luang,
Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Fax: (66) (2) 524-5439, Tel: (66)(2) 524-5432/524-5470, Email: smiasia@ait.ac.th
Volume 2, No. 3 Issue No. 6
July – September 2000
Workshop on Policies to Promote E 3 ST in Selected SMIs,
30 May 2000, Beijing, China
A workshop was held on “Policies to promote energy efficient
and environmentally sound technologies (E 3 STs) in selected
small and medium scale industries (SMIs)”, Beijing, China on
30 May 2000. The objective of the meeting was to discuss the
various aspects of the governmental policies regarding SMIs
and the promotion of E 3 STs for SMIs in China. It was organised
jointly by Center of Environmentally Sound Technology
Transfer (CESTT) and Asian Institute of Technology (AIT).
The other participants were from The State Development
Planning Commission, Tsinghua University, Ministry of Agriculture,
and the national research institutions from India (PSG
College of Technology), Philippines (Industrial Technology
Development Institute), Sri Lanka (Industrial Services Bureau
of Northwestern Province) and Vietnam (Non-State Economic
Development Centre).
Mr. Sun Zhen, Deputy Director of Department of Regional
Economy Development, State Environmental Planning Commission,
presented the “Chinese Economic and Environmental
Policy-Making Process”. He presented a matrix of environmental
instruments showing the role of the various government
agencies (Ministry of Development and Ministry of Environment),
society and business in the policy-making process,
particularly environmental policy and SMI development. He
discussed command and control instruments, economic policies
and information dissemination and offered observation
on policy decision making process. Policy instruments to promote
Cleaner Production (CP) and Small and Medium Scale
Enterprises (SMEs) in China cover the establishment of centers
for CP and energy-environmental auditing. He noted that
Chinese government plans to establish laws on CP and will
use market-based instruments as policy instruments to promote
E 3 STs.
Prof. Wang Yanjia of Tsinghua University presented a study
entitled “Energy Efficient and Environmentally Sound Industrial
Technologies in China: Case of ARRPEEC-I, Industrial
sectors”. The role of government, equipment suppliers, pub-
lic, international organisations, private sector and general
business environment in adopting E 3 STs in large-scale industrial
sectors were studied. The present situation in China is
characterised by open energy market, energy price reform,
financial system reforms, environmental concern, and no interest
on the subsidies for energy-environment projects.
Mr. Xu Huaquing, Deputy Director of Centre for Energy, Environment
and Climate Change Reseach, Energy Research Institute,
State Development Planning Commission, highlighted
the policies and its impact on environment and energy saving
technologies. The characteristics of SMIs in China, particularly
brick and textile industries were illustrated. The policy instruments
and policies for development, the limitation of SMIs
and the policy outline for energy saving technologies in the
brick and textile SMIs were highlighted. The increasing specific
energy consumption in the brick industry and the nature
of the clay brick production in China has prompted the government
to issue guidelines to close down SMIs employing
those technologies which are having a serious impact on the
environment in the clay brick manufacturing sector. In textile
industry, the adoption of E 3 ST is the result of market competition
more than government policy.
Ms. Cai Li, Deputy Director of TVEs Administation Bureau,
Ministry of Agriculture, in her presentation on “Adoption of
E 3 ST by Town and Village Enterprises (TVEs)” explained that
TVEs are defined as industries located in the rural areas and
vary from small to large scale. Some TVEs could be categorized
as SMEs based on the number of employees and capital.
However, the state-owned SMEs are regulated by the Ministry
of Science and Economics, while Ministry of Agriculture is in
charge of TVEs. The adoption of E 3 ST in TVEs has been promoted
through demonstration projects and research by cooperation
with international organisations such as World Bank
and GEF.
A presentation on Integration of Technology Policy and Envi-
Continued on page 2
SMI newsletter is published quarterly as an activity of the project SMIs in Asia: Energy, Environment and Climate Interrelations
under the Asian Regional Research Programme in Energy, Environment and Climate (ARRPEEC)-Phase II and is funded by the
Swedish International Development Co-operation Agency (Sida). The newsletter is designed to disseminate information from this
study and from other sources on energy efficient and environmentally sound technologies of selected small and medium scale
industries in Asian countries to policy makers, industrial associations and other related organisations, equipment suppliers,
factories, academics and international organisations.
SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3 1

onmental Policy was given by Mr. Shi Han of CESTT. Three
dilemmas of technology policy on environmental issues
were noted: The difference between policies supporting the
generation of long-term technological alternatives and policies
to control norms, taxes and end of pipe technologies;
the innovation due to environmental regulations and policies;
and the contrast between needs to minimise technological
uncertainty about the merits and/or impact of technologies.
News
The participants were informed of an on-going study at AIT
which would present a framework of policy instruments for
policy makers and SMIs so that E 3 STs could be adopted to
mitigate pollution and increase energy efficiency and productivity.
The participants agreed that to promote E 3 STs in the
TVEs in China, the following issues need to be tackled: training
at managerial and technical level of TVEs, establishment
of centres of information (e.g., clearinghouses) for E3STs
and transfer of nature and proven E3STs.
Integrated Programme on Cleaner Production Technologies:
A Department of Science and Technology (DOST) Flagship Programme
The Philippine Agenda 21 document is the nation's action
plan for implementing agreements at the 1992 Rio Earth
Summit. It advocates a multisectoral approach for creating
a harmonious integration of a sound and viable economy,
responsible governance and ecological integrity to ensure
that development is a life enhancing process. The current
concern is for a concerted effort to avert environmental
degradation with a wiser, more efficient and low intensity of
resource use in satisfying the requirements of the Filipino
society for a better quality of life.
The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) is
supporting this vision through the convergence of science,
technology and society. The Integrated Programme in
Cleaner Production Technologies is one of the flagship
programs of DOST that intends to promote sustainable
development and strengthen the competitiveness of the
Philippine industries through the adoption of cleaner
production technologies. Under this program, SMEs will be
provided information on available technologies worldwide
that can be adopted locally. They will also be assisted in
their choice of suitable environmentally-friendly
technologies that will enhance their productivity while
decreasing their waste output.
The programme has four components:
• Guidelines and Policies for Cleaner Production Technologies
(GPCT) which is designed to formulate guidelines
and policies to systematize the promotion of cleaner production
in research, development and technology transfer.
Among the guidelines and policies to be implemented
are environmental performance indicators,
cleaner production and environmental management systems
in SMEs.
• A Cleaner Production Technology Assessment Center
(CTAC) that will supply support mechanisms primarily for
the industrial sector, particularly SMEs, for the identification,
evaluation, selection and acquisition of costeffective
technologies for cleaner production.
• A National Network for Cleaner Production Technology
Transfer which will provide industrial extension services
to regional SMEs. Dissemination of information, promotion
of cleaner production technologies and technical
assistance are the main functions of the Network.
•
• A Environmental Management through Cleaner Production
Technologies (EMCT) to assess the economic and environmental
impacts of adopting cleaner production technologies.
It will also be responsible for the implementation of
research and development activities on cleaner production
technologies.
The four year programme has been launched in June 2000.
Having institutionalized the required support measures and
incentives, the programme sees the achievement of its goals
and the realization of the following indicators of success:
• 20% reduction in pollution load from participating
SMEs
• 25% increase in cost savings attributed to cleaner
production
• 19% increase in sales or productivity
• 25 companies using the credit scheme to upgrade
their facilities
• US$ 185,000 investment in cleaner production technologies
The AIT-Sida project on Small and Medium Scale Industries
(SMIs) in Asia: Energy, Environment and Climate Interrelations
under the Asian Regional Programme on Energy, Environment
and Climate Phase II fits into the goals and objectives
of this Integrated Programme on Cleaner Production
Technologies of DOST.
The Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI), the
National Research Institute (NRI) for the AIT-Sida Project in
the Philippines will collaborate with all four components of
the Integrated Programme on Cleaner Production Technologies
benefitting three (3) SMIs, namely, the ceramics industry,
desiccated coconut industry and foundry.
For further information, please contact: Dr. Rufino C. Lirag,
Jr., Undersecretary for S & T Services and Project Director,
Integrated Programme on Cleaner Production Technologies,
DOST Compound, Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Fax: (63)(2) 837-2945. E-mail: lirag@agham.dost.gov.ph,
dtenorio@pacific.net.ph
Contributed by Dr. Alice B. Herrera, Industrial Technology
Development Institute (ITDI) (see contact address on page
8).
2 SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3

Regional Environmental Technical Assistance (RETA) for the
Promotion of Cleaner Production Policies and Practices in
Selected Developing Member Countries
Most CP activities in the Asian region to date have focused
on heightening awareness of CP principles, industrial
technology demonstrations, CP audits and assessments,
information clearinghouses (mostly passive),
and preparation of industrial CP case studies.
Though these are valuable activities, most Asian countries
still lack integrated and action-oriented policies
and programs as well as the institutional capacity to
effectively support CP activities.
Asian Development Bank has initiated a project titled
the Regional Technical Assistance (RETA) for the Promotion
of Cleaner Production Policies and Practices in
Selected Developing Member Countries to accelerate
the development of national policies and action plans
for the adoption of CP in Asia. To achieve this goal the
RETA will directly assist participating Asian nations to
develop the policy framework, integrated plans and institutional
capabilities they need for rapid and efficient
adoption of CP. The project also seeks to achieve an
impact beyond the directly participating countries. The
RETA will also provide training on subjects such as policy
development, CP planning and emerging areas for
CP applications to a larger audience of Asian nations,
use the experience of participating countries to develop
generic guidelines for national policies and plans, and
build mechanisms to facilitate regional networking, cooperation
and coordination among assistance agencies
and other interested parties in Asia.
The RETA will be implemented over a one year period
and will include the following elements:
• National background papers assessing experience
and current policies and plans for CP;
• Development of policy frameworks to support CP in
participating countries;
• Facilitation of national level coordination among donors,
assistance organizations, government, NGOs,
business and other interested parties;
• Establishment of national CP action plans in participating
countries;
• Identification of new financing mechanisms and
market-based instruments to promote CP;
• Development of general guidelines for national policy
framework and action planning;
• Defining opportunities for regional cooperation
among donors and assistance agencies;
• Establishment of regional networking and exchange
of information on CP;
• Case studies of newly emerging areas for application
of CP; and
News
• Building human and institutional capability through
regional training workshops.
Mr. Richard Stevenson has been appointed to (i) prepare
a Regional Cleaner Production (CP) Action Plan, (ii)
assist domestic consultants in the preparation of National
CP Action Plans of participating countries, (iii) coordinate
the holding of national and regional workshops, (iv) coordinate
the implementation of case studies by different
organizations, and (v) prepare training sessions.
The programme began in June 1999, in India, Indonesia,
Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. Except for India, domestic
consultants and coordinators have been engaged
to review and preparing national CP action plans for individual
countries, organise national workshop and conduct
case studies.
The domestic consultants are:
Indonesia - Mr. Achmad Djani
Forum KMB Indonesia
Fax no: 62-21 794-5116
Email: forumkmb@centrin.net.in
Philippines - Dr. Olivia Castillo
Phil. Pollution Prevention Roundtable
Fax no: 632 633-8421
Email: olcastil@info.com.ph
Thailand - Dr. Chaiyod Bunyagidi
Thailand Environment Institute
Fax no: 662 741-6361
Email: chaiyod@tei.or.th
Viet Nam - Mr. Dinh Van Sam
Centre of Environmental Science &
Technology, Hanoi University of
Technology
Fax no: 844 869-3551
Email: inest@mail.hut.edu.vn
For further information on the programme, please contact:
Ms. Yue-Lang Feng, Environment Specialist,
W+ENVD/OESD, Asian Development Bank, #6 ADB
Avenue, Mandaluyong City. Fax: (63)(2) 636-2195.
Email: fengyuelang@mail.asiandevbank.org.
(Source: Report on CP promotion in Asia, Vol. 1, issue
2, November 1999, and contribution by Mr. Richard
Stevenson, RETA coordinator. Fax: (1-303) 679-0197,
email:richard.stevenson@att.net)
SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3 3

Energy Use and Pollution in the Tea Industry
Energy-Environment Highlights
Energy and environmental audit in tea factories have been conducted within the framework of the project “Small and Medium
Scale Industries (SMIs) in Asia: Energy, Environment and Climate Interrelations. This issue presents some results of energy use
and pollution in the audited tea factories in Sri Lanka and Vietnam.
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is the world’s largest exporter of black tea and produced about 280 million kg of tea in 1998. The land under tea cultivation
is about 189,000 hectares. The tea produced in Sri Lanka is mainly of orthodox type (more than 93%) and the remaining is
the CTC (crush, tear and curl) type. At present, there are 634 factories operating in Sri Lanka providing employment to about
650,000 people including those who are engaged in cultivation. It is estimated that around 100,000 personnel are employed in
factories.
Table 1. Specific Energy Consumption and Emission Produced in three Sri Lankan Tea Factories
High Grown Mid Grown Low Grown
Table 1 pre- Category
sents the specific
energy conand
electricity)
the three tea
Specific energy
consumption
Thermal (kWhth/kg)
Electrical(kWhe/kg)
7.4
0.61
5.28
0.56
6.23
0.48
sumption (thermal
and emission in
producing regions.
CO2 (kg/kg of product)* 1.1 a
Specific emission
Vietnam
Region
Tea is grown mainly in the northern provinces of Vietnam and in Lam Dong Province in the South. There are 75 state-owned
tea processing bases in the country of which 30 belong to the Vietnam National Tea Corporation. There are also more than
1,200 non-state small-scaled enterprises and tens of thousands of households involved in processing tea. The two main kinds of
tea products of Vietnam are black tea and green tea. Technologies used in producing black tea are Orthodox and CTC, while
Chinese, Taiwanese, Japanese and traditional Vietnamese technologies are used in producing green tea.
Figure 1 presents the specific energy consumption in two black tea factories along with the benchmarks set by National Tea
Corporation, Vietnam.
Specific thermal energy consumption
(kWhth/kg of product)
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Figure 1. Specific Energy Consumption in Two Vietnamese Tea Factories
4 SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3
2.7 b
SO2 (kg/kg of product) 0.03
Note: *These are based on audits conducted in three factories
a Energy use for withering and drying is from one furnace; b Two furnaces serve for withering and drying separately
17.3
11.3
Factory A Factory B
(a) Specific thermal energy consumption
Benchmark
Specific electricity consumption
(KWhe/kg of product)
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.4
(b) Specific electricity consumption
0.5
Factory A Factory B
Tea
Benchmark

Table 2 gives the estimated specific air pollution (CO2, SO2 and NOx) from two tea factories.
Energy-Environment Highlights
Table 2. Air Emission Generated in Two Vietnamese Tea Factories
Emission Factory A Factory B
CO2(kg/kg of product) 5.02 3.15
SO2 (kg/kg of product) 0.02 0.01
NOx(kg/kg of product) 2.55 1.51
For further information, please contact Mr. Ly Dinh Son (see contact address on page 8).
LPG Fired-Kiln for the Ceramic Industry
In the framework of cooperation between the Philippine-German Rational Use of Energy Project of the Office of Energy Affairs
(OEA) and the European Communities Project of the Department of Trade and Industry, a model ceramic LPG-fired kiln was demonstrated
in a Ceramic company in Manila, the Philippines in 1990. The objectives of the project were:
1. To demonstrate a highly energy-efficient kiln at reasonable cost;
2. To design a kiln which can be built from mostly locally available materials;
3. To demonstrate the use of waste heat from the kiln for drying purposes; and
4. To make available an alternative kiln design for use in the Philippines or elsewhere.
A number of ceramic companies have adopted this technology now.
A brief summary of technical details and performance of the kiln is given below:
Type of kiln : Batch (shuttle) type, LPG-Fired, downdraft
Type of ceramics : Earthenware to stoneware items
Fuel used : LPG gas
Temperature rating : 1300 0 C
External dimensions : 2.03 m x 1.84 m x 2.23 m
Internal dimensions : 1.66 m x 1.48 m x 1.54 m
Volume setting : 2.6 m 3
Furnace Insulation : Composite construction using ceramic fibre blanket and calcium silicate block insulation
Number of burners : 10 pcs
Firing time : 5 hrs @1050 0 C
7 hrs @1300 0 C
Product load : 150-300 kgs greenware/batch
Instrumentation and
control requirements
For further information, please contact: Mr. Tony Dagnalan, 12 Montreal St., Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines, Email: tonydagnalan@edsamail.com.ph
Contributed by Dr. Alice B. Herrera, Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) (see contact address on page 8).
Do you have any news to share with us?
: -Type S thermocouple sensors
-One digital readout switch
-Two pressure transducers for LPG line pressure control
-Automatic gas shut-off valve at each burner if flame is extinct
-One positive displacement gas meter
Ceramics
If you have information or recent news on energy efficiency improvement, pollution prevention, cleaner production or any other
information related to energy-environmental issues in small and medium scale industries, please share it through the SMI
Newsletter.
SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3 5

Energy Efficient and Environmentally Sound Technology
(E 3 ST) in a Textile Factory in China
Item Cost (RMB Yuan)
Capital Investment
• Equipment cost
• VAT, tariff and additional costs
• Operational costs (depreciation)
704,000
293,745
70,400
25,060
Total Investment 1,093,205
Annual savings
• Dyestuff 210,000
• Water 17,470
• Chemicals 60,747
• Steam 125,400
• Labour 25,200
Waste water treatment 22,540
Net annual savings 436,297
Payback Period < 3 years
Energy-Environment Highlights
In 1997, Beijing No. 1 Knitting Mill, a medium size textile mill in China was selected for a demonstration project of E 3 STs adoption within the
framework of Asian Development Bank (ADB) project, No. 2434-PRC. The study suggested the replacement of the old beck dyeing machines by a
high pressure jet dyeing.
Table 3 is a comparison of features of the old beck dyeing machine and the high pressure jet dyeing machine. Table 4 shows the status of energy,
water and chemical use, and COD generated per 100 kg of cloth before and after the E 3 ST implementation. However, the annual electricity
consumption increased from 19.9 kWh to 49.7 kWh. Table 5 gives the investment, cost savings and payback period of E 3 STs implementation.
Table 3. Features of the Old Beck Dyeing Machine and the High Pressure Dyeing Machine
Features Old beck dyeing machine High pressure jet dyeing machine
Bath ratio 1:20 to 1:25 1:10 to 1:12
Capacity 100 kg per batch 400 kg per batch
Operation type Manual Auto-control: water, pressure, temperature meters,
and mixing motors
Table 4. Energy, Water and Chemical Use, and COD Generated before and after E 3 ST
Implementation
Item Old beck dyeing machine High pressure dyeing machine Reduction (%)
Water (ton) 25 13 48
Steam (ton) 2.46 0.22 91
Electricity (kWh) 19.9 49.7 -150
Peroxide (kg) 5.02 3 40
Dyestuffs(kg) 4.65 3.02 35
Salts (kg) 100.44 81.22 19
Sodium carbonate (kg) 30.13 15.23 49
COD (kg) 5.17 3 42
Table 5. Investment, Cost Savings, and Payback Period of Implemented E 3 ST
1 US$ ≈ 8.28 Y RMB Yuan (July 2000)
Textile
The Center for Environmentally Sound Technology Transfer (CESTT) conducted this study. For further information, please contact Mr. Shi
Han (see contact address on page 8).
6 SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3

International Seminar on Industrial
Waste Pollution Control
The Department of Environmental Engineering,
FTSP-ITS, is organizing an International
seminar “Industrial Waste Pollution Control
(IWPC): quo vadis Indonesia River?”, Surabaya,
Indonesia, 23-24 November 2000.
The program includes plenary lectures, oral
and poster presentations on the following
subjects: (1) Policy and strategy for river
water pollution control, water quality monitoring
program, ecotoxicology; (2) Recent
trends of water pollution control technology;
(3) Industrial waste treatment processes;
(4) Cleaner production, ecoefficiency
and zero waste. For further information,
please contact: Organizing Committee
IWPC, Department of Environmental Engineering,
FTSP-ITS, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Jl.
A.R. Hakim, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
Fax (62) (31) 5928387. E-mail:
tlitssby@indosat.net.id.
Third Asia-Pacific Cleaner Production
Roundtable
The third Asia-Pacific Cleaner Roundtable
will be held 28 February-2 March, 2001,
Pasig City, Manila, The Philippines. Industry,
http://www.iclei.org is the website of The International Council
for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI), an association of local
governments dedicated to the prevention and solution of local, regional,
and global environmental problems through local action. It
provides an on-line newsletter and a case study series on pollution
prevention, and technical manuals on various topics such as, financing
energy efficiency projects. Information is also available on solid
waste management and use of municipal economic instruments to
increase environmental performance.
http://www.iccp.net/ is the website of The International Climate
Change Partnership (ICCP) which is a global coalition of companies
and trade associations from diverse industries committed to constructive
and responsible participation in the international policy
process concerning global climate change. Documents on emission
trading, clean development mechanisms and others related to climate
change, and presentations of some well known companies on
their role on greenhouse gas emission reduction in the 1999 ICCP
workshop are available.
business, policy makers, consultants, researchers,
educators and regulators will
gather to share technical knowledge and
innovative ideas about cleaner production,
regulation, organizational change and environmentally
efficient technologies. The programme
consists of oral presentations,
workshop forums and plant visits. For further
information, please contact: Third Asia-
Pacific Cleaner Production Roundtable Secretariat,
190-A West Textile Towers, Ortigs
Center, Pasig City. Fax: (63) (2)
6338421/6335069. E-mail: olcastil@info.
com.ph. Website: http://www.apcpr.org/.
The Ninth International Greening of
Industry Network (GIN) Conference
The Greening of Industry Network-Asia will
organize the Ninth International Conference
“Sustainability at the Millenium: Globalization,
Competitiveness and the Public Trust”,
21 – 25 January, 2001, Bangkok, Thailand.
This event provides a platform for people
from diverse backgrounds to share ideas
and experiences to strengthen relationships,
visions, and practices for sustainability. The
program includes keynote speeches, plenary
debates, breakout sessions, research paper
Capacity Building
workshops and ad hoc or poster presentations.
For further information, please contact: Dr.
Somporn Kamolsiripichaiporn, GIN-Asia, 9 th
International Conference, c/o Environmental
Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University,
Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Fax: (66) (2) 218-
8446. E-mail: GIN-Asia@Chula.ait.ac.th. Website:
http://www.etic.chula.acth/GIN-Asia/.
The Seventh European Roundtable on
Cleaner Production
The European Roundtable on Cleaner Production
(ERCP) will organize the Seventh Annual
Roundtable, 2-4 May 2001, Lund, Sweden. This
event will focus on co-operation to achieve
sustainable societies through promoting sustainable
production and consumption systems.
The activities in this event cover internet based
discussions, plenary sessions, panel discussion
and debates, a showcase of cleaner production/consumption
case studies, parallel work
shops, exhibitions of software and ecoproducts
and a brokerage event. For further
information, please contact: The 7 th ERCP Secretariat,
IIIEE, Box 196 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
E-mail: ercp@iiiee.lu.se. Website: http://www.
lu.se/IIIEE/ercp/call.html.
Relevant Websites
http:// w w w .
prepare-net.org/ is a website of PREPARE, an information network
among European experts from administration, industry and research
concentrating on cleaner production (CP) and sustainable product development
(SPD). The objectives of the network are: (i) exchange of ideas
about new and existing CP developments in Europe; (ii) getting new
knowledge by initiating and developing R&D activities; and (iii) the dissemination
of information. This website includes a discussion forum related
to sustainable development. It also provides links to other CP and
sustainable development websites.
SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3 7

News items, articles, information on
training courses, websites related to
energy and environmental issues in
the small and medium scale industrial
sector and other correspondence can
be sent to:
SMI Project
School of Environment, Resources and
Development
Asian Institute of Technology
PO Box 4, Klong Luang,
Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Fax: +66 2 524-5439/524-5625
Email: smiasia@ait.ac.th
Principal Investigators
Dr. S. Kumar
Dr. C. Visvanathan
News Editor
Ms. Architrandi Priambodo
Copy Editor
Mr. Terry Clayton
Collaborating Institutions
PSG College of Technology
Coimbatore 641 004, India
Contact: Prof. P. Radhakrishnan
Fax: (91)-422-573833
Email: psgait@vsnl.com
Non-State Economic Development
Centre (NEDCEN)
62, Giang Vo, Hanoi, Vietnam
Contact: Mr. Ly Dinh Son
Fax: (84)-4-823-6382
Email: NEDCEN@bdvn.vnmail.vnd.net
Center for Environmentally Sound
Technology Transfer (CESTT)
109 Wanquanhe Road,
Haidian District,
Beijing 100089, P.R. China
Contact: Mr. Shi Han
Fax: (86)-10-6258-8127
Email: shihan@info.acca21.edu.cn
Industrial Technology Development
Institute, Fuel and Energy Divison,
Dept. of Science and Technology
Gen. Santos Avenue, Taguig,
Metro Manila, Philippines
Contact: Dr. Alice B. Herrera
Fax: (63)-2-837-3167
Email: fedsmi@pacific.net.ph
Industrial Services Bureau of North
Western Province
141, Kandy Road, Kurunegala,
Sri Lanka
Contact: Mr. Gamini Senanayake
Fax: (94)-37-23562
Email: gaminisn@slt.lk
For information on ARRPEEC, please contact :
Prof. S.C. Bhattacharya, ARRPEEC Coordinator,
Energy Program, Asian Institute of Technology,
PO Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani
12120, Thailand. Fax: +66 2 524-5439, Email:
bhatta@ait.ac.th
http://www.arrpeec.ait.ac.th
The SMI newsletter is available at
http://www.serd.ait.ac.th/smi/
Email: smiasia@ait.ac.th
8
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
and the Environment, Business Imperatives,
Green Leaf Publishing,
2000
This book focuses on small and mediumsized
enterprises (SMEs) and their environmental
impact. It presents arguments
regarding key environmental business imperatives
facing the small-firm sector, by
experts from government, international
and national support agencies, academics
and the business community. The book
examines the threats – such as trade, supply
chain issues and legislative compliance
– but is also solution-oriented, with
considerable discussion of the management
tools smaller firms can use to improve
their environmental performance.
To obtain this document, please contact:
Green Leaf Publishing Limited, Aizle Wood
Business Centre, Aizlewod’s Mill, Nursery
Street, Sheffield S3 8 GG, UK. Fax: (44)
(114) 282-3476. E-mail:
greenleaf@worldscope.co.uk. Website:
http://www.greenleaf-publishing.com/
Tools and Methods for Integrated
Resource Planning: Improving Energy
Efficiency and Protecting the
Environment, UNEP Collaborating
Centre on Energy and Environment,
1997
This publication is a teaching resource on
energy efficiency, end-use analysis, de-
Clean Energy Finance is published by
Winrock International in association with
Energy Ventures International. This
monthly newletter provides news, information
and commentary on renewable
energy and energy-efficiency investment
in emerging markets and reports on private,
multilateral, and bilateral financial
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Envirobusiness Update is a monthly
newsletter published by Australia’s Environment
Industries Focus Unit. This publication
reports issues of importance and
interest to those involved in the environment
management industry. For further
information, please contact: Environment
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Publications
mand-side management (DSM) and Integrated
Resource Planning (IRP). It also
provides powerful and practical tools for
designing efficient and environmentallysustainable
energy supply and demandside
programs. For further information,
please contact: UNEP Collaborating Centre
on Energy and Environment, Risø National
Laboratory, PO Box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde,
Denmark. Fax: (45) (46) 32 19 99. Email:
risoe@risoe.dk. Website:http://www.uccee.
org
Cleaner Production in Practice, Methodology
Development for Environmental
Improvement of Industrial
Production and Evaluation of Practical
Experiences, Ph.D Thesis, Van Beckel,
C.W.M, 1996.
This thesis deals with the introduction of
Cleaner Production (CP) in industry segments
lacking substantial and systematic
experience on preventive environmental
management. The key issue dealt in this
thesis is how CP projects in enterprises can
be organized and contribute to environmental
improvements in the short term and
create favourable conditions for on going
environmental innovations in the long term.
To obtain this document, please contact:
IVAM Environmental Research, University
of Amsterdam. Fax: (31) (0) 20 525 5850.
E-mail: fverspeek@ivambv.uva.nl. Website:
http://www.ivambv.uva.nl/
Related Newsletters
site: http://www.environment.gov.au
NEDO News is published by International
Institute for Energy Conservation and University
of California, Berkeley. It covers
issues in energy industry, including renewable
energy, energy conservation, power
sector issues, oil & gas, and coal. For further
information, please contact: Dr. Peter
Du Pont, Director, International Institute of
Energy Conservation (IIEC-Asia), 8 Sukhumvit
Soi 49/9, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
Fax: (66) (2) 381-0815.Email: iiecasia@loxinfo.co.th
GEC Newsletter is published by Global
Environment Centre Foundation (GEC), Japan.
This provides information on its activities
in supporting contributions of UNEP for
urban environmental management in developing
countries and promoting international
cooperation for environmental conservation.
For further information, please
contact: GEC, 2-110 Ryokuchi,koen, Tsurumi-ku,
Osaka 538-0036 Japan. Fax (81-
06) 6915-0181. E-mail: gec@unep.or.jp.
http://www.unep.or.jp/gec/
SMI Newsletter, July-September 2000, Volume 2, No. 3