A Gap Analysis in Selected Asian Countries, 3R Knowledge Hub ...

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70 3R Gap Analysis and Findings TECHNOLOGY STATUS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF 3R IN JAPAN Reduce Status Reuse Urban Municipal Waste E-Waste Healthcare Waste Resource Conservation Product Lifetime Extension Waste Reduction Resource Conservation Product Lifetime Extension Waste Reduction Easier Disassembly Remaining Life Assessment Easier Disassembly Remaining Life Assessment Status Recycle Thermal Recovery Fuel Recovery Material Recovery Sorting Pulverizing Composting Collection Material Recovery Sorting Pulverizing Collection Material Recovery Sorting Pulverizing Incineration Collection Formal, Strong Informal, Weak Technology Gap Formal but weak Informal but Strong Status
CURRENT SITUATION OF NATIONAL POLICIES, LEGISLATIVE MEASURES AND OTHER INITIATIVES 3R Management Aspects Systems for Integrating Environmental Considerations into Socioeconomic Activities Framework Support for 3R-related Activities Direct Regulatory Economic Voluntary Information Procedural Environmental Education Science and Technology Reduction of Barriers to International Flow International Cooperation Cooperation of Stakeholders Promotion of Science and Technology for 3R Sound Material Cycle Society • Waste Reduction Law, 1997 • Law for Effective Utilization of Resources, 2000 • Laws for Recycling • Containers and Packaging Recycling Law, 1995 • Home Appliance Recycling Laws, 1998, • Construction Material Recycling Law, 2000 • Food Recycling Law, 2000 • End-of-Life Vehicles Recycling Law, July 2002 • Green Purchasing Law, May 2000 Establishment of Grants at Local level Financial support to Local Government and Private sector • Voluntary Action Plan by Industries • Voluntary Eco-labeling Promotion of Eco Mark Promotion of Eco town Program Environmental Management System Registration ISO 14001 • Administrative support by Japan Environmental Association • Financial Support by Central Government Websites for awareness raising by MoE Information Provision system for green products and databases on good practices regarding green purchasing and environmental labels Promotion of Research & Technology development Based on “Zero-Emission and Sound Material–Cycle Technology Research” for 3R • Establishment of Asian Network for Prevention of Illegal Transboundary Movement of Hazardous waste • Extended grants–in-aid for the shipping of recycled goods to developing countries • Cooperative relationships under Basel Convention in Asia • International conferences, workshops and expert meetings on 3R • Supporting Malaysia in organizing Eco-products Exhibition Fair with the participation of more than 19 Asian countries • Participation in Global Ecolabeling Network to study International Harmonization of Ecolabeling standards • Cooperation between Government officials, private companies, Industries, Office, schools and publics • Based on Zero-Emission and Sound Material–Cycle Technology Research • Research & technology development for 3R has been promoted Sufficient Insufficient Gap Status Chapter 3: Country Analysis 71
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3R in Asia a gap analysis in select
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Rapid economic growth is accompanie
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ii Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Knowledge
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iv Acronyms & Abbreviations 3R Redu
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Foreword Preface Executive Summary
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Enormous challenges in developing a
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Country Highlights in Promoting 3R
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The objective of the analyses was t
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Strong and Weak represent the level
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BACKGROUND Bangladesh has a populat
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HEALTHCARE WASTE Currently, Banglad
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Recycling ULAB Image source: Waste
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CURRENT SITUATION OF NATIONAL POLIC
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BACKGROUND Bhutan is a small landlo
Page 31 and 32: Most of the higher value recyclable
Page 33 and 34: E-WASTE No published information ex
Page 35 and 36: CURRENT SITUATION OF NATIONAL POLIC
Page 37 and 38: BACKGROUND Brunei Darussalam or Bru
Page 39 and 40: The NCE was established in 1993 by
Page 41 and 42: for health settings but the princip
Page 45 and 46: BACKGROUND Cambodia currently has a
Page 47 and 48: Findings On-going difficulties in s
Page 49 and 50: GAPS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF 3R World
Page 53 and 54: BACKGROUND Referred as ‘workshop
Page 55 and 56: year, an integrated solid waste man
Page 57 and 58: • Weak infrastructure of disposal
Page 59 and 60: TECHNOLOGY STATUS FOR IMPLEMENTATIO
Page 61 and 62: Priorities must be set to implement
Page 63 and 64: BACKGROUND Urbanization and uncontr
Page 65 and 66: Quantity and characteristics are tw
Page 67 and 68: The mandate of the National Task Fo
Page 71 and 72: BACKGROUND Indonesia, with over 18,
Page 73 and 74: The Compost Subsidy Project plans t
Page 77 and 78: BACKGROUND Located in the Pacific O
Page 79 and 80: Eco-Town at Kitakyushu in Japan The
Page 81: GAPS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF 3R World
Page 85 and 86: BACKGROUND With a population of abo
Page 87 and 88: The Ministry of Environment has bee
Page 89 and 90: SOURCES AND QUANTITIES OF HEALTHCAR
Page 91 and 92: The rightful use of appropriate and
Page 93 and 94: BACKGROUND The Lao People’s Democ
Page 95 and 96: In the national level, Science, Tec
Page 97 and 98: Efforts were made by the Government
Page 101 and 102: BACKGROUND With about 330,000 km 2
Page 103 and 104: nationwide. Malaysia has plans to s
Page 105 and 106: and disposal of hazardous waste; in
Page 109 and 110: BACKGROUND Republic of Philippines
Page 111 and 112: Recyclable waste transported from t
Page 113 and 114: Findings About five years ago, the
Page 117 and 118: BACKGROUND Singapore, an island bet
Page 119 and 120: Participation by households increas
Page 121 and 122: Standards Board (now the National S
Page 123 and 124: Presently, the country relies predo
Page 125 and 126: BACKGROUND Thailand is one of the n
Page 127 and 128: Findings Appropriate policies and e
Page 129 and 130: In the industrial sector, e-waste i
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BACKGROUND In recent decades, Vietn
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opportunity for waste recycling bus
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Findings There is a need to develop
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TECHNOLOGY STATUS FOR IMPLEMENTATIO
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Vietnam’s solid waste management
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chapter 4 Conclusions & Recommendat
Page 145 and 146:
ABC news, ‘ E-waste China’ (200
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