A Gap Analysis in Selected Asian Countries, 3R Knowledge Hub ...

BACKGROUND
In recent decades, Vietnam has witnessed
soaring economic growth with a parallel
increase in urban population. Rapid economic
development has enabled more than 20 million
Vietnamese people to escape poverty over the
past decade. The national GDP has doubled
within 10 years with positive changes in the
economic structure. The proportion of GDP
from the industrial sector rose from 22.7% to
36.6% while the services sector increased from
38.6% to 39.1%. This led to a decrease in the
agriculture sector from 38.7% to 24.3%. With
these present trends, Vietnam is forecast to
become one of the fastest growing economies
in Southeast Asia with a projected growth rate
of a steady 7.5% over the next decade.
In the last 20 years, especially after the Doi-
Moi, the country has been able to achieve an
average industrial growth rate of 12-15%
annually. New industrial and commercial
centres have been established and developed,
accompanied by the emergence of new urban
areas (district towns, urban centres of
commune clusters, etc.). However, the issue
of waste has become greater, attracting the
interest of all sectors in society: from
residential communities to managers and
policymakers.
Province/
City
Hanoi
Hai Phong
Da Nang
Quang Nam
Khanh Hoa
Ho Chi Minh
Dong Nai
Ba Ria-Vung Tau
Can Tho
Source: Cuong, 2004
Generated
(tons)
722,000
290,000
226,000
127,700
175,200
2,336,000
293,500
97,300
107,100
3.15
Vietnam
PRIORITY AREAS
Vietnam produces over 15 million tons of waste
each year from various sources. More than 80%
(12.8 million tons/yearr) is from municipal
sources, including households, restaurants,
markets, and businesses. Industries generate
over 2.6 million tons of waste (17%) each year,
making it the second most significant source.
About 160,000 tons/year (1%) of Vietnam’s
waste is considered hazardous, including
healthcare waste from hospitals; toxic or
flammable waste from industrial processes;
and, pesticides and pesticide containers from
Collected
(tons)
585,000
200,000
180,000
95,000
146,000
1,752,000
176,000
58,400
80,300
Efficiency
(%)
81
69
80
74
83
75
60
60
75
Chapter 3: Country Analysis
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