A Gap Analysis in Selected Asian Countries, 3R Knowledge Hub ...

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88 3R Gap Analysis and Findings In Kuala Lumpur, the city council started looking at an integrated approach to solid waste management as an alternative to the old concept of just dumping all the waste generated. This new outlook by the city council has brought about activities such as waste recycling and recovery followed by incinerating the waste to recover the energy, with only the final inert material being considered for land filling...
BACKGROUND With about 330,000 km 2 and a population of over 24 million, Malaysia has a per capita GDP of USD 12,700. Industry and the services sector contribute a whooping 48% and 43%, respectively. Agriculture contributes a meager 9% to the GDP. This demonstrates the lifestyle of the population in the country. As in the case of any developing country, Malaysia is also facing threats of urbanization and industrialization. Increasing industrial activity and growth in population is always reflected in waste generation concerns. Malaysia is no exception. With limited natural resources and land availability, Malaysia is at the crossroads of sustainability in waste management and disposal. PRIORITY AREAS Since mid 1980s, solid waste generated in urban areas of Malaysia has been increasing yearly due to rapid urbanization and diversified lifestyles. As a result, problems with increasing waste management costs and securing landfill sites have arisen in the country. The national average waste generation is found to be ranging between 0.5–0.8 kg/ person/day, but in the cities it has escalated to 1.7 kg/person/day. On an average, about 2,500 tons of municipal solid waste is collected every day in the city of Kuala Lumpur alone and dumped at the Taman Beringin dumpsite. Since the lifespan of this dumpsite has already expired, the city council built a transfer station at the Taman Beringin dumpsite as a temporary solution, and put into operation in 2001, to facilitate the transfer of the waste to a new site. Evidently, solid waste management in the urban centers is a priority issue requiring immediate attention. Considering the need, the city council started looking at an integrated approach on 3.11 Malaysia solid waste management as an alternative to the old concept of just dumping all generated waste. This new outlook by the city council has brought about activities such as waste recycling and recovery followed by incinerating the waste to recover the energy, with only the final inert material being considered for land filling. This is aimed at reducing the burden on landfills and also open opportunities for new technologies in treating the urban municipal waste. URBAN MUNICIPAL WASTE Solid waste generation increased from 16,200 tons/day in 2001 to 19,100 tons/day in 2005 in Peninsular Malaysia. About 76% of waste generated is collected and 1-2% of waste is recycled (from the collected waste) while the remaining is taken to the disposal sites. There are about 175 disposal sites operating as open dumps in Malaysia. In Kuala Lumpur, only about 5% of waste collected is reused and recycled. The states of Selangor and the Federal Territory, the highly urbanized and industrialized areas, contribute about 36% of MSW generated in Malaysia. Chapter 3: Country Analysis 89
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3R in Asia a gap analysis in select
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Rapid economic growth is accompanie
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ii Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Knowledge
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iv Acronyms & Abbreviations 3R Redu
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Foreword Preface Executive Summary
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Enormous challenges in developing a
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Country Highlights in Promoting 3R
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The objective of the analyses was t
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Strong and Weak represent the level
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BACKGROUND Bangladesh has a populat
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HEALTHCARE WASTE Currently, Banglad
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Recycling ULAB Image source: Waste
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CURRENT SITUATION OF NATIONAL POLIC
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BACKGROUND Bhutan is a small landlo
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Most of the higher value recyclable
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E-WASTE No published information ex
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BACKGROUND Brunei Darussalam or Bru
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The NCE was established in 1993 by
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for health settings but the princip
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BACKGROUND Cambodia currently has a
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Findings On-going difficulties in s
Page 49 and 50: GAPS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF 3R World
Page 51 and 52: CURRENT SITUATION OF NATIONAL POLIC
Page 53 and 54: BACKGROUND Referred as ‘workshop
Page 55 and 56: year, an integrated solid waste man
Page 57 and 58: • Weak infrastructure of disposal
Page 59 and 60: TECHNOLOGY STATUS FOR IMPLEMENTATIO
Page 61 and 62: Priorities must be set to implement
Page 63 and 64: BACKGROUND Urbanization and uncontr
Page 65 and 66: Quantity and characteristics are tw
Page 67 and 68: The mandate of the National Task Fo
Page 71 and 72: BACKGROUND Indonesia, with over 18,
Page 73 and 74: The Compost Subsidy Project plans t
Page 77 and 78: BACKGROUND Located in the Pacific O
Page 79 and 80: Eco-Town at Kitakyushu in Japan The
Page 81 and 82: GAPS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF 3R World
Page 85 and 86: BACKGROUND With a population of abo
Page 87 and 88: The Ministry of Environment has bee
Page 89 and 90: SOURCES AND QUANTITIES OF HEALTHCAR
Page 91 and 92: The rightful use of appropriate and
Page 93 and 94: BACKGROUND The Lao People’s Democ
Page 95 and 96: In the national level, Science, Tec
Page 97 and 98: Efforts were made by the Government
Page 99: CURRENT SITUATION OF NATIONAL POLIC
Page 103 and 104: nationwide. Malaysia has plans to s
Page 105 and 106: and disposal of hazardous waste; in
Page 109 and 110: BACKGROUND Republic of Philippines
Page 111 and 112: Recyclable waste transported from t
Page 113 and 114: Findings About five years ago, the
Page 117 and 118: BACKGROUND Singapore, an island bet
Page 119 and 120: Participation by households increas
Page 121 and 122: Standards Board (now the National S
Page 123 and 124: Presently, the country relies predo
Page 125 and 126: BACKGROUND Thailand is one of the n
Page 127 and 128: Findings Appropriate policies and e
Page 129 and 130: In the industrial sector, e-waste i
Page 133 and 134: BACKGROUND In recent decades, Vietn
Page 135 and 136: opportunity for waste recycling bus
Page 137 and 138: Findings There is a need to develop
Page 139 and 140: TECHNOLOGY STATUS FOR IMPLEMENTATIO
Page 141 and 142: Vietnam’s solid waste management
Page 143 and 144: chapter 4 Conclusions & Recommendat
Page 145 and 146: ABC news, ‘ E-waste China’ (200
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