Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...
Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...
Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...
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and oil recovery. As a result, the scenario 2 is the possible waste management way based<br />
on the f<strong>in</strong>ancial analysis. This scenario also helps to reduce the consumption <strong>of</strong><br />
petrochemical products. The amounts <strong>of</strong> plastic waste generations <strong>in</strong> this scenario will be<br />
reduced to decrease the expenditure for plastic waste management <strong>in</strong> 2016. Figure 4.35<br />
illustrates the flows <strong>of</strong> expenditure for each waste management process <strong>in</strong> each scenario.<br />
Input Output<br />
10,866,320<br />
5,420,911<br />
5,419,182<br />
7,816,537<br />
3,921<br />
950<br />
RDF<br />
production<br />
14,857<br />
14,857<br />
Open<br />
envionment<br />
3,168<br />
3,076<br />
3,076<br />
2,979<br />
357<br />
189,899<br />
168,799 (1) (2A & 2B) 949,496 (3)<br />
49,548<br />
248<br />
333<br />
Municipal <strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eration<br />
Collection and<br />
transportation<br />
Recycl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
85<br />
6,776<br />
7,418<br />
6,031<br />
2,404,029<br />
5,604<br />
181,081<br />
6,207<br />
2,138 (1) (2A & 2B) 2,307 (3)<br />
Unit <strong>of</strong> flow: Million Baht/tonne<br />
7,450,639<br />
181,081<br />
Industrial<br />
<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eration<br />
5,018,124<br />
5,018,124<br />
Landfill<strong>in</strong>g<br />
181,081<br />
<strong>Plastic</strong> to Oil<br />
7,450,639<br />
8,346<br />
6,163<br />
6,163<br />
2,554<br />
Scenario 1 Scenario 2A Scenario 2B<br />
Scenario 3<br />
Figure 4.35 Flows <strong>of</strong> expenditure for each waste management process <strong>in</strong> each scenario<br />
From above figure, the large arrow at the left side is the total expenditures <strong>of</strong> each scenario<br />
which will be spent for plastic waste management <strong>in</strong> 2016. On the other hands, the large<br />
arrow at the right side is the revenue <strong>of</strong> each scenario that will ga<strong>in</strong> from waste<br />
management facilities. The expense <strong>of</strong> waste collection and transportation <strong>of</strong> scenario 1<br />
will be 2,979 million Baht <strong>in</strong> 2016 because only 80% <strong>of</strong> plastic wastes will be collected<br />
compared to 90% <strong>of</strong> collected plastic wastes <strong>of</strong> scenario 2 and 3. There will be the hidden<br />
costs <strong>of</strong> waste management which are from uncollected wastes and improper disposed<br />
wastes <strong>in</strong> 2016. The highest hidden cost was presented at the open environment flow <strong>of</strong> a<br />
scenario 1 amounted to 950 million Baht <strong>in</strong> 2016. Increas<strong>in</strong>g 30% <strong>of</strong> recycl<strong>in</strong>g rate <strong>in</strong> the<br />
scenario 2 will make the amount <strong>of</strong> improper disposed decrease <strong>in</strong> 2016, so the hidden cost<br />
<strong>of</strong> scenario 2 is less than the scenario 1 and 3.<br />
The expenditures <strong>of</strong> landfill<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> each scenario will not different because the percentage<br />
<strong>of</strong> landfill<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> each scenario is <strong>in</strong> range <strong>of</strong> 30%-40%. Similarly, the expenses <strong>of</strong>
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