Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

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List of Abbreviations 3Rs Reduce, Reuse and Recycle 4R Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Research ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene AEC ASEAN Economic Community AEDP Alternative Energy Development Plan ATSME Association for the Promotion of Thai Small and Medium Entrepreneurs BAU Business As Usual BMA Bangkok Metropolitan Administration BOC Business Opportunity Center BOI Board of Investment of Thailand BSID Bureau of Supporting Industries Development DEQP Department of Environment Quality Promotion DIP Department of Industrial Promotion DIW Department of Industrial Works DPC Department of Public Cleansing EPA Environmental Protection Agency E-waste Electrical and electronics wastes FPRI Fiscal Policy Research Institute Foundation FTI Federation of Thai Industries GDP Gross Domestic Product GHG Greenhouse Gas GWF Green World Foundation HDPE High Density Poly Ethylene HS-code Harmonized System Code IPW Industrial Plastic Waste ISWM Integrated Solid Waste Management LAO Local Administrative Organization LDPE Low Density Poly Ethylene LLDPE Linear Low Density Poly Ethylene MBT Mechanical Biological Treatment MFA Material Flow Analysis MIT Ministry of Industry Thailand MIU Machine Intelligence Unit MPW Municipal Plastic Waste MRF Material Recovery Facility MSW Municipal Solid Waste MSWM Municipal Solid Waste Management MNRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment NECTEC National Electronics and Computer Technology Center NGOs Non-Profit Organizations NIA National Innovation Agency NIR Near-Infrared OIE Office of Industrial Economics PA Polyamide PC Poly Carbonate PCD Pollution Control Department PE Polyethylene PEMRG Plastics Europe Market Research Group viii
PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PIT Plastic Institute of Thailand PIU Plastic Intelligence Unit Website PMMA Poly Methyl Methacrylate POM Poly Oxymethylene PP Polypropylene PS Polystyrene PVC Polyvinylchloride PTIT Petroleum Thai Institute of Thailand RDF Refuse Derived Fuel RMUTT Rajamangala University of Technology Thunyaburi RPF Refuse-Derived Paper and Plastic Densified Fuel SCC Siam City Cement SCG Siam Cement Group SPEE Single Point Energy Engineering Company SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats STAN Substance Flow Analysis TBIA Thai Bioplastics Industry Association TCMA Thai Cement Manufacturers Association TEENET Thailand Energy and Environment Network TEI Thailand Environment Institute Foundation TIPMSE Thailand Institute of Packaging and Recycling Management for Sustainable Environment TISTR Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research TPA Thai Packaging Association TPFRIA Thai Plastics Foam Recycling Industries Association TPIA Thai Plastic Industries Association UNEP United Nation Environment Programme WHO World Health Organization WtE Waste to Energy ix
Page 1 and 2: Evaluation of Plastic Waste Managem
Page 3 and 4: Abstract Rapid increase in the usag
Page 5 and 6: List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1
Page 7: 4.7 Percentage of municipal solid w
Page 11 and 12: Plastic wastes are mostly recycled
Page 13 and 14: 4R principle includes recovery, rec
Page 15 and 16: Table 2.2 Codes, characteristics of
Page 17 and 18: 2. Injection molding: First, the pl
Page 19 and 20: Vacuum forming: A vacuum is formed
Page 21 and 22: 2.2.3 Uses of plastic Figure 2.11 C
Page 23 and 24: 5. Housewares: This kind of product
Page 25 and 26: process usually involves two steps,
Page 27 and 28: Refuse Derived Fuel in Thailand The
Page 29 and 30: product from gas into liquid. The p
Page 31 and 32: Figure 2.24 Coke oven chemical feed
Page 33 and 34: 2.3.3.2 Re-melted to make products
Page 35 and 36: 3. Chapter 7 on penalties It should
Page 37 and 38: Adjust system Problem Definition Sy
Page 39 and 40: There are 0.25 million workers in r
Page 41 and 42: 2. Collecting and recording the inf
Page 43 and 44: For example, if the stakeholder has
Page 45 and 46: (DENR). A pilot collection program
Page 47 and 48: 3.2 Study Area Seven provinces name
Page 49 and 50: 3.3 Sample Size The sample groups w
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3.4 Initial flow of plastic
Page 53 and 54: Table 3.1 Details of Needed Informa
Page 55 and 56: questionnaires, interview, field ob
Page 57 and 58: From Table 3.2, the stakeholders we
Page 59 and 60:
Institute Foundation (FPRI) made a
Page 61 and 62:
12%, 10%, and 7% respectively. The
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From Figure 4.5, this figure shows
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Plastic 17% Paper 8% Metal 2% Glass
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Figure 4.9 BMA waste collectors Fig
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Similarly, some recycling factories
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Figure 4.21 Material flow of plasti
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50% of agricultural products was co
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Figure 4.25 Recycling and plastic t
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From Figure 4.26, the material flow
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future is the same as current situa
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From Figure 4.28, total plastic pel
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The one issue of plastic waste segr
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Most municipal plastic wastes (37%)
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From Figure 4.33, the revenue from
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sectors by the government organizat
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industrial waste incineration of ea
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4.4.1. Lists of stakeholders and th
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of them. For example, one individua
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Local administrative bodies are als
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was presented, and the percentage o
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5.1 Conclusions Chapter 5 Conclusio
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11. A simple revenue-expenditure an
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References BBC News. (2008). Plasti
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Jinran, Z. (2011). Ban on free plas
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Plastic Waste Management Institute.
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Treewijitkasam, P. (2013). Understa
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Table A-1 Details of parameters and
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A-2: Harmonized System Code Table A
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Table A-11 Characteristics of stake
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- What is the knowledge that the wa
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2.5 Who do you buy plastic wastes f
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4. Environmental, law, policy, and
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B.3 Questionnaire for Household Dat
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B.4 Questionnaire for Plastic Recyc
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3. Production process information a
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B.5 Questionnaire for Waste picker/
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B.6 Checklists for waste collector
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2.8 Which kinds of plastic products
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This shop does not buy foam, plasti
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(a) Non-stored bottles 146 (b) Undi
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c) Plastic pellet sack Figure C-6 S
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matters/dust. This shop is a stable
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Washing and drying process are oper
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C.2 Case study from oil recovery pl
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silicate clay, natural clay, metal-
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Residue wastes are produced about 1
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C.3 Case study from zero baht shop
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Figure C-24 Newspaper Figure C-26 M
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3. Activities of Zero Baht Shop On
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Zero Baht Shop depending on the tot
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Figure C-37 Lecturer of the project
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networks. This project is not widel
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C.4 Case study from Sai Mai transfe
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4. Categorizing of waste Waste from
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6. Environment issues and observati
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C.5 Technology Park of Chulalongkor
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fractions. It utilizes the heat fro
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ates and desorption inside capillar
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Appendix D Material Flow Analysis D
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Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste
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D.2 Calculation of the material flo
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Table D-2 Details of calculation of
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Table D-3 Percentage of industrial
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E.3 Calculation of plastic flows in
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Table E-3 Details of each flow of s
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E.4 The estimation of imported and
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