Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

questionnaires, interview, field observation, and secondary data were used to quantify and
analyze the material flow of plastic in Thailand. All parameters or numbers were calculated
to complete the material flow, and the balance of material flow was checked carefully.
After calculation and finalization, the result of this step is the complete material flow of
plastic in Thailand, 2010 which was used as the base material flow in order to analyze the
scenarios for plastic waste management in the next step. For the data analysis step, the
important issue is a consideration process-by-process. There are nine processes in system
boundary, and each process was analyzed. The details of data analysis of nine processes are
shown in Appendix A.
3.5 Stakeholder Analysis
3.5.1 Stakeholder lists
This step is to identify and list all possible stakeholders involved in plastic MFA. There are
many key words that are used to consider and help to lists stakeholders of the plastic waste
management such as importance, influence, strengths, special considerations, resources,
networks, types, stage, communication, and engagement levels of stakeholders. One
stakeholder will be the most important stakeholder if it can affect other stakeholders and
has a driven force to directly affect all stakeholders. For example, Pollution Control
Department in Thailand declares policies and drafts laws related to plastic waste
management in Thailand. It also shares the information to the municipality.
There are two types of stakeholders namely, primary and secondary stakeholders. Some
stakeholders share information between stakeholders, and they play a role as third parties
or are called secondary stakeholders. Resource preparers, governors, and traders provide
resources for plastic waste management. For example, the private company provides waste
collection trucks, while BMA office provides the budget to rent waste collection trucks
from the private company.
There are many persons and organizations related to plastic waste management in
Thailand. The stakeholders of plastic waste management include waste generators, waste
collectors, waste recyclers, recycled product buyer, informers, resource supporters,
consulters, and functional participants, and interactive participants. This step was done by
listing all stakeholders related to plastic waste management in Thailand. The lists of
relevant stakeholders of plastic waste management in Thailand are shown in Table A-11 in
Appendix A.
3.5.2 Data collection for stakeholder analysis
3.5.2.1 Secondary data collection
Before beginning primary data collection, secondary data are reviewed and collected on the
priority stakeholders. These data should be more detailed, and it should include some
statements regarding the stakeholders’ positions, some goals or objectives of the
organizations, and data on the quantities or types of resources available to the stakeholders.
Secondary data were reviewed from the ministries, departments, authorities, and person of
concern having roles and responsibilities with regard to plastic waste management in
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