Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

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Table E-9 Details of each flow of scenario 3 (continued) No. Description 19 20 21 Plastic waste (Thermoplastic) in MSW Uncollected waste (Thermosetting) in MSW Uncollected waste (Thermoplastic) in MSW Value (Tonnes/year) 2,608,181 2,635 260,818 229 Assumption and Calculation Plastic waste (Thermoplastic) = Total Plastic Waste - Plastic waste (Thermosetting) (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 10% of thermosetting waste generation in MSW will not be collected to dispose in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 10% of thermoplastic waste generation in MSW will not be collected to dispose in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) 22 Uncollected waste 263,453 The summary of uncollected thermosetting and thermoplastic wastes 23 Calculated stock by STAN 1,666,769 Stock = input of process - output of process 24 25 26 27 28 29 Collected plastic waste (Thermosetting) Collected plastic waste (Thermoplastic) Industrial plastic waste generation in plastic consumption process Industrial plastic waste for recycling (2) Reuse (stocked) industrial plastic waste (2) Landfilling of industrial plastic waste (2) 23,711 2,347,363 1,061,967 84,957 42,479 4,248 Plastic waste collected = Plastic waste (Thermosetting) - Uncollected waste (Thermosetting) Plastic waste collected = Plastic waste (Thermoplastic) - Uncollected waste (Thermoplastic) Assumed that 50% of industrial plastic waste generation is generated in the manufacturing process (Not present in the material flow) Amount of IPW was recycled in the recycling factories. The percentage of recycling rate of industrial plastic waste was 8% in 2010. Assumed that the percentage of recycling rate will not change in 2016. (Not include in the material flow) Assumed that 4% of IPW will be reused or stocked in the manufacturing in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 0.4% of industrial plastic waste was disposed at landfills in 2016. (Not present in the material flow)
Table E-9 Details of each flow of scenario 3 (continued) No. Description 30 Industrial plastic waste for industrial incineration (2) Value (Tonnes/year) 930,283 31 Industrial plastic waste (2) 1,019,489 Collection and transportation process 32 Exported plastic waste 222,999 33 34 Municipal incineration (Thermosetting) Municipal incineration (Thermoplastic) 2,371 234,736 230 Assumption and Calculation Assumed that 87.6% of industrial plastic waste (use as fuels) will be burnt in industrial incineration to recovery energy in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) The amount of industrial plastic wastes was shown in the material flow of scenario 3. IPW (2) = IPW (recycling)+IPW (landfilling)+IPW (incineration) Assumed that 9.5% of collected plastic waste (Thermoplastic) will be exported in 2016. (this amount includes only thermoplastic waste not including Thermosetting) Assumed that 10% of municipal solid wastes will be burnt at the incinerators (Not present in the material flow) 10% of municipal solid wastes will be burnt at the incinerators (Not present in the material flow) 35 Municipal incineration 237,107 The summary of wastes to municipal incineration from each source 36 37 38 39 Industrial incineration (Thermosetting) Industrial incineration (Thermoplastic) Industrial incineration (municipal waste) Industrial incineration (industrial waste) 2,371 234,736 237,107 1,860,566.6 40 Landfilling (Thermosetting) 8,773 41 Landfilling (Thermoplastic) 868,524 Assumed that 10% of thermosetting waste in MSW will be produced as RDF for using in the industrial incineration Assumed that 10% of thermoplastic waste in MSW will be produced as RDF for using in the industrial incineration The summary of municipal wastes to industrial incineration (RDF) from each source (Not present in the material flow) IPW for incineration = IPW 1 (incineration) + IPW 2 (incineration) = 930,283.3+ 930,283.3 Assumed that 37% of municipal thermosetting wastes will be disposed at landfills in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 37% of municipal thermoplastic wastes will be disposed at landfills in 2016. (Not present in the material flow)
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Evaluation of Plastic Waste Managem
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Abstract Rapid increase in the usag
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List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1
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4.7 Percentage of municipal solid w
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PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PIT
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Plastic wastes are mostly recycled
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4R principle includes recovery, rec
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Table 2.2 Codes, characteristics of
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2. Injection molding: First, the pl
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Vacuum forming: A vacuum is formed
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2.2.3 Uses of plastic Figure 2.11 C
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5. Housewares: This kind of product
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process usually involves two steps,
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Refuse Derived Fuel in Thailand The
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product from gas into liquid. The p
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Figure 2.24 Coke oven chemical feed
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2.3.3.2 Re-melted to make products
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3. Chapter 7 on penalties It should
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Adjust system Problem Definition Sy
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There are 0.25 million workers in r
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2. Collecting and recording the inf
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For example, if the stakeholder has
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(DENR). A pilot collection program
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3.2 Study Area Seven provinces name
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3.3 Sample Size The sample groups w
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Figure 3.4 Initial flow of plastic
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Table 3.1 Details of Needed Informa
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questionnaires, interview, field ob
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From Table 3.2, the stakeholders we
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Institute Foundation (FPRI) made a
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12%, 10%, and 7% respectively. The
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From Figure 4.5, this figure shows
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Plastic 17% Paper 8% Metal 2% Glass
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Figure 4.9 BMA waste collectors Fig
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Similarly, some recycling factories
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Figure 4.21 Material flow of plasti
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50% of agricultural products was co
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Figure 4.25 Recycling and plastic t
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From Figure 4.26, the material flow
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future is the same as current situa
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From Figure 4.28, total plastic pel
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The one issue of plastic waste segr
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Most municipal plastic wastes (37%)
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From Figure 4.33, the revenue from
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sectors by the government organizat
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industrial waste incineration of ea
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4.4.1. Lists of stakeholders and th
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of them. For example, one individua
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Local administrative bodies are als
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was presented, and the percentage o
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5.1 Conclusions Chapter 5 Conclusio
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11. A simple revenue-expenditure an
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References BBC News. (2008). Plasti
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Jinran, Z. (2011). Ban on free plas
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Plastic Waste Management Institute.
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Treewijitkasam, P. (2013). Understa
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Table A-1 Details of parameters and
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A-2: Harmonized System Code Table A
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Table A-11 Characteristics of stake
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- What is the knowledge that the wa
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2.5 Who do you buy plastic wastes f
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4. Environmental, law, policy, and
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B.3 Questionnaire for Household Dat
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B.4 Questionnaire for Plastic Recyc
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3. Production process information a
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B.5 Questionnaire for Waste picker/
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B.6 Checklists for waste collector
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2.8 Which kinds of plastic products
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This shop does not buy foam, plasti
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(a) Non-stored bottles 146 (b) Undi
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c) Plastic pellet sack Figure C-6 S
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matters/dust. This shop is a stable
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Washing and drying process are oper
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C.2 Case study from oil recovery pl
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silicate clay, natural clay, metal-
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Residue wastes are produced about 1
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C.3 Case study from zero baht shop
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Figure C-24 Newspaper Figure C-26 M
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3. Activities of Zero Baht Shop On
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Zero Baht Shop depending on the tot
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Figure C-37 Lecturer of the project
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networks. This project is not widel
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C.4 Case study from Sai Mai transfe
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4. Categorizing of waste Waste from
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6. Environment issues and observati
Page 187 and 188: C.5 Technology Park of Chulalongkor
Page 189 and 190: fractions. It utilizes the heat fro
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Page 193 and 194: Appendix D Material Flow Analysis D
Page 195 and 196: Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste
Page 197 and 198: D.2 Calculation of the material flo
Page 199 and 200: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 215 and 216: Table D-3 Percentage of industrial
Page 217 and 218: E.3 Calculation of plastic flows in
Page 219 and 220: Table E-3 Details of each flow of s
Page 223 and 224: E.4 The estimation of imported and
Page 237: Table E-9 Details of each flow of s
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