Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

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Table E-7 Details of each flow of scenario 2A (continued) No. Description Value (Tonnes/year) Assumption and Calculation 19 Plastic waste (Thermoplastic) in MSW 2,608,181 Plastic waste (Thermoplastic) = Total Plastic Waste - Plastic waste (Thermosetting) (Not present in the material flow) 20 Uncollected waste (Thermosetting) in MSW 2,635 Assumed that 10% of thermosetting waste generation in MSW will not be collected to dispose in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) 21 Uncollected waste (Thermoplastic) in MSW 260,818 Assumed that 10% of thermoplastic waste generation in MSW will not be collected to dispose in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) 22 Uncollected waste 263,453 The summary of uncollected thermosetting and thermoplastic wastes 23 Calculated stock by STAN 1,967,594 Stock = input of process - output of process 24 Collected plastic waste (Thermosetting) in MSW 23,711 Plastic waste collected = Plastic waste (Thermosetting) - Uncollected waste (Thermosetting) 25 Collected plastic waste (Thermoplastic) in MSW 2,347,363 Plastic waste collected = Plastic waste (Thermoplastic) - Uncollected waste (Thermoplastic) 26 Industrial plastic waste generation in other industries 1,061,967 Assumed that 50% of industrial plastic waste generation is generated in the plastic consumption process (Not present in the material flow) 27 28 29 30 Industrial plastic waste for recycling (2) Reuse (stocked) industrial plastic waste (2) Landfilling of industrial plastic waste (2) Industrial plastic waste for industrial incineration (2) 318,590 106,197 10,620 626,560.68 31 Industrial plastic waste (2) 955,771 The percentage of recycling rate of industrial plastic waste will increase by 30% within 2016. (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 10% of industrial plastic wastes will be reused or stocked in the manufacturing in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 1% of industrial plastic wastes will be disposed at landfills in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) Assumed that 59% of industrial plastic waste (use as fuels) will be burnt in industrial incineration to recovery energy. (Not present in the material flow) The amount of industrial plastic wastes was shown in the material flow of scenario 2. IPW (2) = IPW (recycling)+IPW (landfilling)+IPW (incineration) 217
Table E-7 Details of each flow of scenario 2A (continued) No. Description Value (Tonnes/year) Collection and transportation process 32 Exported plastic waste 352,104 33 34 Municipal incineration (Thermosetting) Municipal incineration (Thermoplastic) 474 46,947 218 Assumption and Calculation Assumed that 15% of collected plastic waste (Thermoplastic) will be exported in 2016. (this amount includes only thermoplastic waste not including Thermosetting) Assumed that 2% of municipal solid wastes will be burnt at the incinerators (Not present in the material flow) 2% of municipal solid wastes will be burnt at the incinerators (Not present in the material flow) 35 Municipal incineration 47,421 The summary of wastes to municipal incineration from each source 36 37 38 39 Industrial incineration (Thermosetting) of MPW Industrial incineration (Thermoplastic) of MPW Industrial incineration (Municipal plastic waste) Industrial incineration (industrial plastic waste) 1,186 117,368 118,554 1,253,121.36 40 Reuse (Thermosetting) 2,371 Assumed that 5% of thermosetting waste in MSW will be produced as RDF for using in the industrial incineration Assumed that 5% of thermoplastic waste in MSW will be produced as RDF for using in the industrial incineration The summary of municipal wastes to industrial incineration (RDF) from each source (Not present in the material flow) IPW for incineration = IPW 1 (incineration) + IPW 2 (incineration) = 626,560.68+ 626,560.68 Assumed that 10% of thermosetting waste will be reused as secondary products for using in the consumption process in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) 41 Reuse (Thermoplastic) 234,736 Assumed that 10% of thermoplastic waste will reused as secondary products for using in the consumption process in 2016. (Not present in the material flow) 42 Reuse of MPW 237,107 The summary of reused municipal wastes to plastic consumption process. 43 Landfilling (Thermosetting) 7,113 Assumed that 30% of municipal thermosetting wastes will be disposed at landfills in 2016. (Not present in the material flow)
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Evaluation of Plastic Waste Managem
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Abstract Rapid increase in the usag
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List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1
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4.7 Percentage of municipal solid w
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PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PIT
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Plastic wastes are mostly recycled
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4R principle includes recovery, rec
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Table 2.2 Codes, characteristics of
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2. Injection molding: First, the pl
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Vacuum forming: A vacuum is formed
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2.2.3 Uses of plastic Figure 2.11 C
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5. Housewares: This kind of product
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process usually involves two steps,
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Refuse Derived Fuel in Thailand The
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product from gas into liquid. The p
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Figure 2.24 Coke oven chemical feed
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2.3.3.2 Re-melted to make products
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3. Chapter 7 on penalties It should
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Adjust system Problem Definition Sy
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There are 0.25 million workers in r
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2. Collecting and recording the inf
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For example, if the stakeholder has
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(DENR). A pilot collection program
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3.2 Study Area Seven provinces name
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3.3 Sample Size The sample groups w
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Figure 3.4 Initial flow of plastic
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Table 3.1 Details of Needed Informa
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questionnaires, interview, field ob
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From Table 3.2, the stakeholders we
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Institute Foundation (FPRI) made a
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12%, 10%, and 7% respectively. The
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From Figure 4.5, this figure shows
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Plastic 17% Paper 8% Metal 2% Glass
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Figure 4.9 BMA waste collectors Fig
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Similarly, some recycling factories
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Figure 4.21 Material flow of plasti
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50% of agricultural products was co
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Figure 4.25 Recycling and plastic t
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From Figure 4.26, the material flow
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future is the same as current situa
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From Figure 4.28, total plastic pel
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The one issue of plastic waste segr
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Most municipal plastic wastes (37%)
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From Figure 4.33, the revenue from
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sectors by the government organizat
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industrial waste incineration of ea
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4.4.1. Lists of stakeholders and th
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of them. For example, one individua
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Local administrative bodies are als
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was presented, and the percentage o
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5.1 Conclusions Chapter 5 Conclusio
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11. A simple revenue-expenditure an
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References BBC News. (2008). Plasti
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Jinran, Z. (2011). Ban on free plas
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Plastic Waste Management Institute.
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Treewijitkasam, P. (2013). Understa
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Table A-1 Details of parameters and
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A-2: Harmonized System Code Table A
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Table A-11 Characteristics of stake
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- What is the knowledge that the wa
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2.5 Who do you buy plastic wastes f
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4. Environmental, law, policy, and
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B.3 Questionnaire for Household Dat
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B.4 Questionnaire for Plastic Recyc
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3. Production process information a
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B.5 Questionnaire for Waste picker/
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B.6 Checklists for waste collector
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2.8 Which kinds of plastic products
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This shop does not buy foam, plasti
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(a) Non-stored bottles 146 (b) Undi
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c) Plastic pellet sack Figure C-6 S
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matters/dust. This shop is a stable
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Washing and drying process are oper
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C.2 Case study from oil recovery pl
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silicate clay, natural clay, metal-
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Residue wastes are produced about 1
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C.3 Case study from zero baht shop
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Figure C-24 Newspaper Figure C-26 M
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3. Activities of Zero Baht Shop On
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Page 177 and 178: Figure C-37 Lecturer of the project
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Page 181 and 182: C.4 Case study from Sai Mai transfe
Page 183 and 184: 4. Categorizing of waste Waste from
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Page 187 and 188: C.5 Technology Park of Chulalongkor
Page 189 and 190: fractions. It utilizes the heat fro
Page 191 and 192: ates and desorption inside capillar
Page 193 and 194: Appendix D Material Flow Analysis D
Page 195 and 196: Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste
Page 197 and 198: D.2 Calculation of the material flo
Page 199 and 200: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 215 and 216: Table D-3 Percentage of industrial
Page 217 and 218: E.3 Calculation of plastic flows in
Page 219 and 220: Table E-3 Details of each flow of s
Page 223 and 224: E.4 The estimation of imported and
Page 225: Table E-7 Details of each flow of s
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