Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

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Table D-2 Details of calculation of the material flow of plastics in Thailand, 2010 (continued) No. Description 59 Undisposed waste (Thermoplastic) Value (Tonnes/year) 862,564 60 Undisposed waste 875,140 61 Stock in environment 1,390,552 205 Assumption and Calculation The undisposed waste means that wastes may not be collected and disposed, and it is in the environment by open dumping and burning. According to PCD (2010), 47% of improper waste disposal. The amount of thermoplastic waste which is used to calculate was 1,835,242 tonnes/year because 2,041,032 tonnes/year of thermoplastic waste is deducted by 205,790 tonnes/year of exported waste before multiplying by that percentage. Thus, the amount of improper thermoplastic waste disposal is 862,564 tonnes/year (Not present in the material flow). The total improper waste disposal in MSW was calculated by: Total improper waste disposal = undisposed thermoplastic wastes + undisposed thermosetting wastes Thus, total landfilling wastes = 862,564 + 12,576 = 875,140 tonnes/year Stock in environment = Uncollected waste + Undisposed waste Stock in environment = 515,412 + 875,140 = 1,390,552 tonnes/year
Table D-3 Percentage of industrial plastic waste management Management option Percentage of industrial plastic waste (%) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Reuse 7.96 11.24 5.11 7.87 4.29 Recovery 0.48 0.34 0.09 0.09 0.12 Energy recovery 89.02 82.58 94.03 91.19 95.12 Reclamation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Landfill 2.43 0.76 0.46 0.74 0.43 Export Source: DIW, 2013 0.11 5.08 0.30 0.11 0.05 Table D-4 Amounts of imported and exported plastic wastes Year Imported plastic waste (tonne/year) Exported plastic waste (tonne/year) 2007 2,299 182,010 2008 8,852 144,479 2009 10,419 166,204 2010 17,760 205,790 2011 27,819 234,136 Source: The Custom Department, 2007-2011 206
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Evaluation of Plastic Waste Managem
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Abstract Rapid increase in the usag
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List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1
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4.7 Percentage of municipal solid w
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PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PIT
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Plastic wastes are mostly recycled
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4R principle includes recovery, rec
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Table 2.2 Codes, characteristics of
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2. Injection molding: First, the pl
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Vacuum forming: A vacuum is formed
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2.2.3 Uses of plastic Figure 2.11 C
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5. Housewares: This kind of product
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process usually involves two steps,
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Refuse Derived Fuel in Thailand The
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product from gas into liquid. The p
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Figure 2.24 Coke oven chemical feed
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2.3.3.2 Re-melted to make products
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3. Chapter 7 on penalties It should
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Adjust system Problem Definition Sy
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There are 0.25 million workers in r
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2. Collecting and recording the inf
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For example, if the stakeholder has
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(DENR). A pilot collection program
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3.2 Study Area Seven provinces name
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3.3 Sample Size The sample groups w
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Figure 3.4 Initial flow of plastic
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Table 3.1 Details of Needed Informa
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questionnaires, interview, field ob
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From Table 3.2, the stakeholders we
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Institute Foundation (FPRI) made a
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12%, 10%, and 7% respectively. The
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From Figure 4.5, this figure shows
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Plastic 17% Paper 8% Metal 2% Glass
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Figure 4.9 BMA waste collectors Fig
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Similarly, some recycling factories
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Figure 4.21 Material flow of plasti
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50% of agricultural products was co
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Figure 4.25 Recycling and plastic t
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From Figure 4.26, the material flow
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future is the same as current situa
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From Figure 4.28, total plastic pel
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The one issue of plastic waste segr
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Most municipal plastic wastes (37%)
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From Figure 4.33, the revenue from
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sectors by the government organizat
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industrial waste incineration of ea
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4.4.1. Lists of stakeholders and th
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of them. For example, one individua
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Local administrative bodies are als
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was presented, and the percentage o
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5.1 Conclusions Chapter 5 Conclusio
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11. A simple revenue-expenditure an
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References BBC News. (2008). Plasti
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Jinran, Z. (2011). Ban on free plas
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Plastic Waste Management Institute.
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Treewijitkasam, P. (2013). Understa
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Table A-1 Details of parameters and
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A-2: Harmonized System Code Table A
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Table A-11 Characteristics of stake
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- What is the knowledge that the wa
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2.5 Who do you buy plastic wastes f
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4. Environmental, law, policy, and
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B.3 Questionnaire for Household Dat
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B.4 Questionnaire for Plastic Recyc
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3. Production process information a
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B.5 Questionnaire for Waste picker/
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B.6 Checklists for waste collector
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2.8 Which kinds of plastic products
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This shop does not buy foam, plasti
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(a) Non-stored bottles 146 (b) Undi
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c) Plastic pellet sack Figure C-6 S
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matters/dust. This shop is a stable
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Washing and drying process are oper
Page 163 and 164: C.2 Case study from oil recovery pl
Page 165 and 166: silicate clay, natural clay, metal-
Page 167 and 168: Residue wastes are produced about 1
Page 169 and 170: C.3 Case study from zero baht shop
Page 171 and 172: Figure C-24 Newspaper Figure C-26 M
Page 173 and 174: 3. Activities of Zero Baht Shop On
Page 175 and 176: Zero Baht Shop depending on the tot
Page 177 and 178: Figure C-37 Lecturer of the project
Page 179 and 180: networks. This project is not widel
Page 181 and 182: C.4 Case study from Sai Mai transfe
Page 183 and 184: 4. Categorizing of waste Waste from
Page 185 and 186: 6. Environment issues and observati
Page 187 and 188: C.5 Technology Park of Chulalongkor
Page 189 and 190: fractions. It utilizes the heat fro
Page 191 and 192: ates and desorption inside capillar
Page 193 and 194: Appendix D Material Flow Analysis D
Page 195 and 196: Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste
Page 197 and 198: D.2 Calculation of the material flo
Page 199 and 200: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 213: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 217 and 218: E.3 Calculation of plastic flows in
Page 219 and 220: Table E-3 Details of each flow of s
Page 223 and 224: E.4 The estimation of imported and
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