Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

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Table D-2 Details of calculation of the material flow of plastics in Thailand, 2010 (continued) No. Description 33 34 35 Reuse (stocked) industrial plastic waste (2) of the plastic consumption process Landfilling of industrial plastic waste (2) of the plastic consumption process Industrial plastic waste for industrial incineration (2) of the plastic consumption process Value (Tonnes/year) 33,535.0000 3,353.5000 801,486.5000 36 Exported plastic waste 205,790 197 Assumption and Calculation The assumption is 50% of total industrial plastic waste for reuse of the plastic consumption process was stocked in the manufacturing process The assumption is 50% of total industrial plastic waste for landfilling of the plastic consumption process was disposed at landfill The assumption is 50% of total industrial plastic waste for industrial incineration of the plastic consumption process was burnt in the industrial incinerators. The amount of exported plastic waste means that amounts of plastic wastes which are exported to other countries. This number is shown in the Custom Department. It can be searched on the website by use the specific code of plastic wastes (HS-Code). The plastic waste codes consist of 3915.1000.000 (waste of polyethylene), 3915.3000.000 (waste of PVC), 3915.9010.000 (waste of copolymer of vinyl acetate and chloride), and 3915.9090.000 (waste of other plastics) (Custom Department, 2013). The amount of exported plastic wastes was 295,790 tonnes/year in 2010, and it does not include thermosetting wastes. The amount of imported and exported plastic wastes in 2007- 2011 are shown in Table D-4.
Table D-2 Details of calculation of the material flow of plastics in Thailand, 2010 (continued) No. Description 37 38 Municipal incineration (Thermosetting) Municipal incineration (Thermoplastic) Value (Tonnes/year) 412 36,705 39 Municipal incineration 37,117 198 Assumption and Calculation From the PCD report in 2010, 1% of municipal solid wastes was burnt in the municipal incinerators, while 1%of MSW was used as fuels to recovery energy. The assumption is 2% of plastic wastes is burnt in the municipal incineration (PCD, 2010). The amount of thermosetting wastes which was used to calculate was 20,616 tonnes/year. Thus, the amount of thermosetting wastes was burnt in the municipal incineration was 412 tonnes/year. From the PCD report in 2010, 1% of municipal solid wastes was burnt in the municipal incinerators, while 1%of MSW was used as fuels to recovery energy. The assumption is 2% of plastic wastes is burnt in the municipal incineration (PCD, 2010). The amount of thermoplastic wastes which was used to calculate was 2,041,032 tonnes/year. The amount of thermoplastic waste which is used to calculate is 1,835,242 tonnes/year because 2,041,032 tonnes/year of thermoplastic waste is deducted by 205,790 tonnes/year of exported waste before calculation. Thus, the amount of thermoplastic wastes was burnt in the municipal incineration was 36,705 tonnes/year. The total municipal incineration was calculated by: Total municipal incineration = combusted thermoplastic wastes + combusted thermosetting wastes Thus, total municipal incineration = 36,705+412 = 37,117 tonnes/year
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Evaluation of Plastic Waste Managem
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Abstract Rapid increase in the usag
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List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1
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4.7 Percentage of municipal solid w
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PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PIT
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Plastic wastes are mostly recycled
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4R principle includes recovery, rec
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Table 2.2 Codes, characteristics of
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2. Injection molding: First, the pl
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Vacuum forming: A vacuum is formed
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2.2.3 Uses of plastic Figure 2.11 C
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5. Housewares: This kind of product
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process usually involves two steps,
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Refuse Derived Fuel in Thailand The
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product from gas into liquid. The p
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Figure 2.24 Coke oven chemical feed
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2.3.3.2 Re-melted to make products
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3. Chapter 7 on penalties It should
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Adjust system Problem Definition Sy
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There are 0.25 million workers in r
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2. Collecting and recording the inf
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For example, if the stakeholder has
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(DENR). A pilot collection program
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3.2 Study Area Seven provinces name
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3.3 Sample Size The sample groups w
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Figure 3.4 Initial flow of plastic
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Table 3.1 Details of Needed Informa
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questionnaires, interview, field ob
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From Table 3.2, the stakeholders we
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Institute Foundation (FPRI) made a
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12%, 10%, and 7% respectively. The
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From Figure 4.5, this figure shows
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Plastic 17% Paper 8% Metal 2% Glass
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Figure 4.9 BMA waste collectors Fig
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Similarly, some recycling factories
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Figure 4.21 Material flow of plasti
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50% of agricultural products was co
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Figure 4.25 Recycling and plastic t
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From Figure 4.26, the material flow
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future is the same as current situa
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From Figure 4.28, total plastic pel
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The one issue of plastic waste segr
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Most municipal plastic wastes (37%)
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From Figure 4.33, the revenue from
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sectors by the government organizat
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industrial waste incineration of ea
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4.4.1. Lists of stakeholders and th
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of them. For example, one individua
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Local administrative bodies are als
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was presented, and the percentage o
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5.1 Conclusions Chapter 5 Conclusio
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11. A simple revenue-expenditure an
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References BBC News. (2008). Plasti
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Jinran, Z. (2011). Ban on free plas
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Plastic Waste Management Institute.
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Treewijitkasam, P. (2013). Understa
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Table A-1 Details of parameters and
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A-2: Harmonized System Code Table A
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Table A-11 Characteristics of stake
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- What is the knowledge that the wa
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2.5 Who do you buy plastic wastes f
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4. Environmental, law, policy, and
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B.3 Questionnaire for Household Dat
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B.4 Questionnaire for Plastic Recyc
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3. Production process information a
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B.5 Questionnaire for Waste picker/
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B.6 Checklists for waste collector
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2.8 Which kinds of plastic products
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This shop does not buy foam, plasti
Page 155 and 156: (a) Non-stored bottles 146 (b) Undi
Page 157 and 158: c) Plastic pellet sack Figure C-6 S
Page 159 and 160: matters/dust. This shop is a stable
Page 161 and 162: Washing and drying process are oper
Page 163 and 164: C.2 Case study from oil recovery pl
Page 165 and 166: silicate clay, natural clay, metal-
Page 167 and 168: Residue wastes are produced about 1
Page 169 and 170: C.3 Case study from zero baht shop
Page 171 and 172: Figure C-24 Newspaper Figure C-26 M
Page 173 and 174: 3. Activities of Zero Baht Shop On
Page 175 and 176: Zero Baht Shop depending on the tot
Page 177 and 178: Figure C-37 Lecturer of the project
Page 179 and 180: networks. This project is not widel
Page 181 and 182: C.4 Case study from Sai Mai transfe
Page 183 and 184: 4. Categorizing of waste Waste from
Page 185 and 186: 6. Environment issues and observati
Page 187 and 188: C.5 Technology Park of Chulalongkor
Page 189 and 190: fractions. It utilizes the heat fro
Page 191 and 192: ates and desorption inside capillar
Page 193 and 194: Appendix D Material Flow Analysis D
Page 195 and 196: Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste
Page 197 and 198: D.2 Calculation of the material flo
Page 199 and 200: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 205: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 215 and 216: Table D-3 Percentage of industrial
Page 217 and 218: E.3 Calculation of plastic flows in
Page 219 and 220: Table E-3 Details of each flow of s
Page 223 and 224: E.4 The estimation of imported and
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