Evaluation of Plastic Waste Management in Thailand Using Material ...

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Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste generation from each kind of plastic product of the sub-process of plastic consumption process No. Description Value (Tonnes/year) Assumption and Calculation This amount can be searched in the Custom Department website by using HS- 1 Imported Product 421,290 code (3916-3926). Assumed that this amount includes only thermoplastic products (Custom Department, 2013). 2 Raw material (Thermoplastic) 3,192,000 Amount of masterbatch was used to produce plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 3 Raw material (Thermosetting) 293,000 Amount of thermosetting pellet production in Thailand (2011). Assumed that all amount of pellet is consumed by the manufacturing (PTIT, 2011) 4 Imported pellet (Thermoplastic) 716,000 This amount can be searched in the Custom Department website by using HScode(3901-3908 and 3911-3914) (PTIT, 2010 and Custom Department, 2013) 5 Imported pellet (Thermosetting) 221,827 This amount can be searched in the Custom Department website by using HScode (3907, 3909, 3910) (Custom Department, 2013) This amount can be searched in the Custom Department website by using HS- 6 Exported product 94,9077 code (3916-3926). Assumed that this amount includes only thermoplastic products (Custom Department, 2013). 90% of raw material (Masterbatch) and imported pellets was changed into 7 Plastic product (Thermoplastic) 2,568,123 plastic products (but it was deducted by the amount of exported product before put in the material flow) (PIU, 2010) 8 Plastic product (Thermosetting) 463,344 90% of raw material (Masterbatch) and imported pellets was changed into plastic products. Assume that it is not imported and exported (PIU, 2010) 9 Total thermoplastic product 2,989,412 The aggregation of imported products and thermoplastic products 10 Total plastic products 3,452,756 The summary of plastic product generation of thermosetting and thermoplastic 11 Others flow 172,638 5% of other plastics compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 12 Stock of other plastics 86,319 Stock = input of process - output of process 13 Other plastic waste 86,319 Assumed 50% of other plastics became wastes in 2010 185
Table D-1 Amounts of plastic waste generation from each kind of plastic product of the sub-process of plastic consumption process (continued) No. Description Value (Tonnes/year) Assumption and Calculation 14 Footwear flow 34,528 1% of footwear plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 15 Stock of footwear 17,264 Stock = input of process - output of process 16 Footwear waste 17,264 Assumed 50% of footwear plastic became wastes in 2010 17 Recreational flow 138,110 4% of recreation plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 18 Stock of recreation 103,583 Stock = input of process - output of process 19 Recreation waste 34,528 Assumed 25% of recreation plastic became wastes in 2010 20 Housewares flow 345,276 10% of housewares plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 21 Stock of housewares 86,319 Stock = input of process - output of process 22 Housewares waste 258,957 Assumed 75% of housewares plastic became wastes in 2010 23 Medical flow 34,528 1% of medical plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 24 Stock of medical devices 17,264 Stock = input of process - output of process 25 Medical waste 17,264 50% of medical plastic became wastes in 2010 26 Packaging flow 1,381,103 40% of packaging plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 27 Packaging waste 1,381,103 Assumed all of packaging plastic became wastes in 2010 28 Agriculture flow 138,110 4% of agriculture plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 29 Stock of agriculture 69,055 Stock = input of process - output of process 30 Agriculture plastic waste 69,055 Assumed 50% of agriculture plastic became wastes in 2010 31 E&E flow 414,331 12% of electronic and electrical plastic compared to all plastic products (PTIT, 2010) 32 Stock of E & E products 393,614 Stock = input of process - output of process 33 E & E plastic waste 20,716 Assumed 5% of electronic and electrical plastic became wastes in 2010 186
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Evaluation of Plastic Waste Managem
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Abstract Rapid increase in the usag
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List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1
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4.7 Percentage of municipal solid w
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PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PIT
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Plastic wastes are mostly recycled
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4R principle includes recovery, rec
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Table 2.2 Codes, characteristics of
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2. Injection molding: First, the pl
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Vacuum forming: A vacuum is formed
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2.2.3 Uses of plastic Figure 2.11 C
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5. Housewares: This kind of product
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process usually involves two steps,
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Refuse Derived Fuel in Thailand The
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product from gas into liquid. The p
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Figure 2.24 Coke oven chemical feed
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2.3.3.2 Re-melted to make products
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3. Chapter 7 on penalties It should
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Adjust system Problem Definition Sy
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There are 0.25 million workers in r
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2. Collecting and recording the inf
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For example, if the stakeholder has
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(DENR). A pilot collection program
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3.2 Study Area Seven provinces name
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3.3 Sample Size The sample groups w
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Figure 3.4 Initial flow of plastic
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Table 3.1 Details of Needed Informa
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questionnaires, interview, field ob
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From Table 3.2, the stakeholders we
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Institute Foundation (FPRI) made a
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12%, 10%, and 7% respectively. The
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From Figure 4.5, this figure shows
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Plastic 17% Paper 8% Metal 2% Glass
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Figure 4.9 BMA waste collectors Fig
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Similarly, some recycling factories
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Figure 4.21 Material flow of plasti
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50% of agricultural products was co
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Figure 4.25 Recycling and plastic t
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From Figure 4.26, the material flow
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future is the same as current situa
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From Figure 4.28, total plastic pel
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The one issue of plastic waste segr
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Most municipal plastic wastes (37%)
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From Figure 4.33, the revenue from
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sectors by the government organizat
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industrial waste incineration of ea
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4.4.1. Lists of stakeholders and th
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of them. For example, one individua
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Local administrative bodies are als
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was presented, and the percentage o
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5.1 Conclusions Chapter 5 Conclusio
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11. A simple revenue-expenditure an
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References BBC News. (2008). Plasti
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Jinran, Z. (2011). Ban on free plas
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Plastic Waste Management Institute.
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Treewijitkasam, P. (2013). Understa
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Table A-1 Details of parameters and
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A-2: Harmonized System Code Table A
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Table A-11 Characteristics of stake
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- What is the knowledge that the wa
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2.5 Who do you buy plastic wastes f
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4. Environmental, law, policy, and
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B.3 Questionnaire for Household Dat
Page 143 and 144: B.4 Questionnaire for Plastic Recyc
Page 145 and 146: 3. Production process information a
Page 147 and 148: B.5 Questionnaire for Waste picker/
Page 149 and 150: B.6 Checklists for waste collector
Page 151 and 152: 2.8 Which kinds of plastic products
Page 153 and 154: This shop does not buy foam, plasti
Page 155 and 156: (a) Non-stored bottles 146 (b) Undi
Page 157 and 158: c) Plastic pellet sack Figure C-6 S
Page 159 and 160: matters/dust. This shop is a stable
Page 161 and 162: Washing and drying process are oper
Page 163 and 164: C.2 Case study from oil recovery pl
Page 165 and 166: silicate clay, natural clay, metal-
Page 167 and 168: Residue wastes are produced about 1
Page 169 and 170: C.3 Case study from zero baht shop
Page 171 and 172: Figure C-24 Newspaper Figure C-26 M
Page 173 and 174: 3. Activities of Zero Baht Shop On
Page 175 and 176: Zero Baht Shop depending on the tot
Page 177 and 178: Figure C-37 Lecturer of the project
Page 179 and 180: networks. This project is not widel
Page 181 and 182: C.4 Case study from Sai Mai transfe
Page 183 and 184: 4. Categorizing of waste Waste from
Page 185 and 186: 6. Environment issues and observati
Page 187 and 188: C.5 Technology Park of Chulalongkor
Page 189 and 190: fractions. It utilizes the heat fro
Page 191 and 192: ates and desorption inside capillar
Page 193: Appendix D Material Flow Analysis D
Page 197 and 198: D.2 Calculation of the material flo
Page 199 and 200: Table D-2 Details of calculation of
Page 215 and 216: Table D-3 Percentage of industrial
Page 217 and 218: E.3 Calculation of plastic flows in
Page 219 and 220: Table E-3 Details of each flow of s
Page 223 and 224: E.4 The estimation of imported and
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