Baseline information on agricultural practices in the EU ... - Europabio

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Zone Member State Main pest species Sternorrhyncha: Myzus persicae and Aphis fabae Others: Nematodes: Heterodera schachtii; Heterodera betae; Meloidogyne incognita; Ditylenchus dipsaci; Trichodorus Malta n/a Portugal n/a Spain a n/a: not applicable -: no data available 3.3.3 Diseases Coleoptera: Lixus spp.; Agriotes spp. Lepidoptera: Cutworms (Noctuidae) Agrotis spp. Sternorrhyncha: Aphids: black bean aphid (Aphis fabae: Pulgón negro); peach aphid (Myzus persicae: Pulgón verde) Table 7 provides a list of the main sugar beet diseases in different EU Member States. Table 7: Sugar beet – main European diseases (Source: a EPPO; b IRS; c KBIVB; d FSE; e SJT; f Azucarera Ebro; g Beta Italia; h NBR; i IfZ; j EuropaBio member companies) Zone Member State Main diseases A North B Centre Denmark h damping-off diseases Ramularia beticola; rust (Uromyces betae); powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae) Estonia n/a Finland e Alternaria spp.; Aphanomyces cochlioides; Phoma betae; Pythium spp.; Rhizoctonia solani Latvia n/a Lithuania - Sweden a, h damping-off diseases Ramularia beticola; rust (Uromyces betae); powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae) Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Austria a Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Belgium a, c Aphanomyces cochloides; Phoma betae; Pythium ssp.; Rhizoctonia solani; Cercospora beticola; Ramularia beticola; rust (Uromyces betae); downy mildew (Peronospora farinosa); powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae); Alternaria tenuis Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus, Beet Yellowing Virus, Beet Mild Yellowing Virus Czech Republic a Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Germany a, i damping-off: Pythium spp.; Aphanomyces spp.; Phoma spp.; Rhizoctonia spp. Alternaria; Fusarium ssp.; F. oxysporum f.sp. betae; Rhizoctonia solani; Cercospora beticola; Ramularia beticola; downy mildew (Peronospora schachtii); powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae); rust (Uromyces betae); Verticillium Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Hungary a Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Page 18 of 66
Zone Member State Main diseases C South Ireland n/a Luxembourg n/a the Netherlands a, b Rhizoctonia solani; Cercospora beticola; Ramularia beticola; rust (Uromyces betae); downy mildew (Peronospora schachtii); Verticillium dahlia; Phoma ssp.; Pythium spp.; Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus, Beet Yellowing Virus, Beet Mild Yellowing Virus Poland a, j Cercospora beticola; powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae); Ramularia beticola; Alternaria; rust (Uromyces betae); Verticillium spp.; Aphanomyces spp.; Pythium spp.; Phoma spp.; Rhizoctonia spp. Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Romania a Slovakia a Slovenia n/a the United a, d Kingdom n/a: not applicable -: no data available Bulgaria n/a Cyprus n/a Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus damping-off diseases; Rhizoctonia solani; Cercospora beticola; Ramularia beticola; rust (Uromyces betae); downy mildew (Peronospora schachtii); powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae) Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus; Beet chlorosis virus France a, j Pytium spp.; Rhizoctonia spp.; Cercospora beticola; Ramularia beticola; rust (Uromyces betae); downy mildew (Peronospora schachtii); powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae); Aphanomyces; Rhizoctonia violacea Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Greece a Aphanomyces Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Italy a, g Phoma betae; Pythium spp.; Aphanomyces cochlioides; Rhizoctonia solani; Alternaria tenuis; Fusarium spp. Cercospora beticola; Oidium; Rhizoctonia violacea; Verticillium alboatrum Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus; Beet Yellow Virus; Beet Mild Yellowing Virus; Beet Mosaic Virus Malta n/a Portugal n/a Spain a, f, j Oidium; Cercospora beticola; Erysiphe betae; Rhizoctonia solani; Uromyces betae Virus: Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Young seedlings may disappear because of the damping-off disease complex. Phoma (Phoma betae), Pythium (Pythium ultimum) and Aphanomyces (Aphanomyces cochlioides) are the main fungi responsible for this disease. The soil fungus Rhizoctonia solani causes root rot and may only be observed by harvesting time. When heavily attacked the whole tap root is rotten. Complete fields may be lost. These beets have low sugar content (tare beets). Chemical control is not possible. Partial resistant varieties are advised. However these varieties do not protect young seedlings (IRS). The fungus resides in the soil for many Page 19 of 66
Page 1 and 2: Baseline i
Page 3 and 4: 1 Introduction Under the current Eu
Page 5 and 6: 3 Sugar beet cultivation in Europe
Page 7 and 8: The distribution of sugar beet prod
Page 9 and 10: Table 2: Sugar and fodder beet acre
Page 11 and 12: Zone Member State Beet type 2010 20
Page 13 and 14: Zone Member State Number of holding
Page 15 and 16: Zone Member State Main weed species
Page 17: Zone Member State Main pest species
Page 21 and 22: Figure 4: Distribution of BNYVV (so
Page 23 and 24: cytoplasm. For CMS to be expressed,
Page 25 and 26: Zone Member State Insecticide (% of
Page 27 and 28: On water erosion sensitive soils it
Page 29 and 30: Not only are the requirements of a
Page 31 and 32: Zone Member State Sowing dates Seed
Page 33 and 34: Zone Member State Treated area (% o
Page 35 and 36: Active ingredient HRAC classificati
Page 37 and 38: Zone Member State Insecticides (% o
Page 39 and 40: Zone Member State Fungicides (% of
Page 41 and 42: The Sixth Environment Action Progra
Page 43 and 44: As an example to show the necessity
Page 45 and 46: Zone Member State Region C South To
Page 47 and 48: -: figure not available *: As data
Page 49 and 50: Table 20: Irrigation methods and so
Page 51 and 52: Zone Member Irrigation methods Stat
Page 53 and 54: Irrigation methods Irrigation sourc
Page 55 and 56: The main overall objective of EU wa
Page 57 and 58: Zone Member State C South 2010 2009
Page 59 and 60: 7 References The following table pr
Page 61 and 62: Crop Research Institute http://www.
Page 63 and 64: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (LALLF M-V),
Page 65 and 66: akkerbouw en vollegrondsgroenten. P

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