Baseline information on agricultural practices in the EU ... - Europabio
Baseline information on agricultural practices in the EU ... - Europabio
Baseline information on agricultural practices in the EU ... - Europabio
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growth. Young larvae that emerge from <strong>the</strong> cysts feed <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> roots. Two to four generati<strong>on</strong>s may<br />
produce <strong>in</strong> <strong>on</strong>e year. The white is present <strong>in</strong> more than 40% of <strong>the</strong> fields <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands (IRS).<br />
In France H. schachtii is present <strong>in</strong> <strong>on</strong>e quarter of <strong>the</strong> sugar beet fields (ITB). Nowadays varieties with<br />
partial resistance are used. H. betae has less chance to impact if a broad rotati<strong>on</strong> is respected and<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r weed host plants are destroyed (IRS). However, at an early <strong>in</strong>festati<strong>on</strong> young beet seedl<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
may be completely elim<strong>in</strong>ated.<br />
Table 6: Ma<strong>in</strong> pests <strong>in</strong> European sugar beet fields (Sources: a AIMCRA; b KBIVB; c SJT; d FSE; e<br />
Beta Italia; f IRS; g NBR; h ITB; i EuropaBio member company)<br />
Z<strong>on</strong>e Member State Ma<strong>in</strong> pest species<br />
A<br />
North<br />
B<br />
Centre<br />
Denmark g Coleoptera: Agriotes spp.; Chaetocnema c<strong>on</strong>c<strong>in</strong>na (beet flea beetle);<br />
Atomaria l<strong>in</strong>earis (pygmy beetle)<br />
Collembola: Onychiurus armatus (spr<strong>in</strong>gtails)<br />
Lepidoptera: Agrotis spp.<br />
Sternorrhyncha: Aphids: Aphis fabae<br />
O<strong>the</strong>rs: Nematodes: Heterodera schachtii<br />
Est<strong>on</strong>ia n/a<br />
F<strong>in</strong>land c Coleoptera: Chaetocnema c<strong>on</strong>c<strong>in</strong>na<br />
Diptera: Pegomya hyoscyani<br />
Lepidoptera: Autographa gamma; Hydraecia micacae; Melanchra pisi<br />
O<strong>the</strong>rs: nematodes: Heterodera schachtii; Heterodera betae<br />
Latvia n/a<br />
Lithuania -<br />
Sweden g Coleoptera: Agriotes spp.; Chaetocnema c<strong>on</strong>c<strong>in</strong>na (beet flea beetle),<br />
Atomaria l<strong>in</strong>earis (pygmy beetle),<br />
Austria -<br />
Collembola: Onychiurus armatus (spr<strong>in</strong>gtails)<br />
Sternorrhyncha: Aphids: Aphis fabae<br />
O<strong>the</strong>rs: Nematodes: Heterodera schachtii<br />
Belgium b Coleoptera: Agriotes spp.; Chaetocnema tibialis; Tanymecus<br />
palliates<br />
Collembola: Sm<strong>in</strong>thurus viridis<br />
Diptera: Pegomyia hyoscyami<br />
Lepidoptera: Agrotis spp.; Autographa gamma; Mamestra brassicae;<br />
Spodoptera exigua; Dicestra trifolii; Lacanobia oleracea<br />
Sternorrhyncha: Aphids: black bean aphid (Aphis fabae); peach-potato<br />
aphid (Myzus persicae)<br />
O<strong>the</strong>rs: millipedes (Blaniulus guttlatus)<br />
nematodes: Heterodera schachtii; Heterodera betae<br />
slugs<br />
Czech Republic Coleoptera: Agriotes spp.<br />
Lepidoptera: Agrotis spp.<br />
Sternorrhyncha: Aphids<br />
Germany i Coleoptera: Agriotes spp.; Atomaria l<strong>in</strong>earis<br />
Diptera: Pegomyia hyoscyami<br />
Lepidoptera: Agrotis spp.; Autographa gamma<br />
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