Presentations. - Permanent Committee on Cadastre in the European ...

TWG Cadastral Parcels
INTRODUCTION
Workshop EuroGeographics - PCC
3 June 2008

INSPIRE TWG

Data specifications: a two steps
approach
• 2005 – 2008:
– common framework for data specifications
– by DT DS (Drafting Team Data Specifications)
• 2008 – 2011
– Harmonised specifications for the 34 Annexes
themes
• for Annex I themes: during 2008 -2009
• for Annexes II and III: from 2009 to 2011

Possible scenarios
• Scenario 1 : already harmonised specifications =>
SDIC/LMO
• Scenario 2 : no harmonised specifications but raw
Reference Material =>TWG with experts from
SDIC/LMO
• Scenario 3 : nothing => TWG with experts paid by
the Commission
All themes in annex I are under scenario 2

General principles
INSPIRE must be based on existing data
Harmonisation in INSPIRE must be done only if
there are user requirements:
- pan-european use cases
- cross-border use cases
- linked with environment
Harmonisation has to be feasible and cost-benefits
have to be analysed.

INSPIRE stakeholders
• Thematic Working Groups: TWG
• Piloting actors:
– CT/JRC
– DT DS (compliance to DT DS documents)
– EIONET (user requirements)
• Supporting actors
– SDIC/LMO
– Projects (e.g. eContent + projects)

Role of INSPIRE TWGs
• Contribute to the elaboration of Implementing Rules for
data specifications
• TWGs have to define DPS (Data Product Specifications)
• DPS will be converted in:
– Binding Implementing Rules
– Non-binding guidelines
– Document on this topic to be prepared soon by CT + DT DS

General Methodology
Requirements
Requirements
As - is analysis
Gap analysis
(for all TWGs)
Use Use Case
Case
Development
Development
Requirements
Requirements
and and Feature Sp.Object Feature Types
Types
Identification
Identification
Data Data Product
Specification
App App Schema
Schema
Development
Development
Development
Implementation Implementation ,
,
testing testing and
and
validation validation
validation
validation ( using WFS)

• Kick-off meeting: 14-15/02/08
Roadmap
• Evaluation of user requirements: June 2008
• As-it analysis and gap analysis: August 2008
• First draft of data product specification: September 2008
• Internal review of first draft (DT DS, CT, EIONET): October 2008
• Second draft of data product specification: November 2008
• Review by SDIC/LMO: January 2009
• Testing, revised DPS: March 2009
• Submission to the INSPIRE <strong>Committee</strong>: May 2009

TWGs Reference Material
• Framework prepared by DT DS:
– D2.3: description of themes and scope
– D2.5: Generic Conceptual Model
– D2.6 : Methodology
– D2.7: Data exchange, encoding
• Reference Material provided by SDIC/LMO
• Results of the user requirement survey launched
by JRC in February 2008.

TWGs composition
• Facilitator
– Chairperson
– Work based on INSPIRE methodology
• Editor
– UML modelling, ISO standards
– Work based on INSPIRE Generic Conceptual Model
• Thematic experts
– Domain expertise
• JRC contact point

TWGs organisation
• Some common physical meetings or telecon
– Kick-off meeting (14-15/02/2008) – Ispra
– Training session for editors (02/04/08)
– Telecon editors-facilitators- JRC (02/04/08)
– Joint meeting facilitators- editors – DT DS
• 20/05/08 (Warsaw)
• 24/06/08 (Maribor)
– Comment Resolution Workshop (February 2009) – Ispra
• For each TWG
– Physical meetings to be decided by TWG
– Telecon every 2 weeks

TWG CADASTRAL
PARCELS ACTIONS

Team members
• Dominique Laurent (IGN France) Facilitator
• André Bernath (Switzerland) Editor
• Gyula Ivan (NMA – Hungary)
• Tarja Myllymäki (NLS – Finland)
• Amalia Velasco (Cadastre- Spain)
• Olav Jenssen (NMA - Norway)
• Peter van Oosterom (TUD/Kadaster Netherlands)
• Soren Riff Alexandersen (NMCA – Denmark)
• Wim Devos (JRC)
Thematic
experts

Team members

TWG main events
• Kick-off meeting : 14-15/02/08 (Ispra)
• Meeting 14-15/04/08 (Palma)
• Workshop with EuroGeographics and PCC
(03/06/08)

Kick-off meeting
- First contact between TWG members
- Identification of main stakeholders:
– PCC
– EuroGeographics Expert Group on Cadastre
– FIG
– UN WPLA
– EURODIN (eContent + project)
• Identification of relevant standards : LADM a new work
item proposal to ISO/TC 211 (by FIG)

Kick-off meeting
• Discussion about the links with other
INSPIRE themes ; the main one being
probably with administrative units
• Presentation and discussion about the
description of cadastral parcels in D2.3

Kick-off meeting
• Identification of main Reference Material:
the survey conducted by WG-CPI about
cadastral parcels in INSPIRE (and NSDI)
– Identification of 5 key elements:
• Identifier
• Boundaries
• Surface
• Georeferencement
• Origin/history
– Widely available among European countries
– Probably required by users

Kick-off meeting
• Few Reference Material (e.g. national
specifications) on cadastral parcels; official
list not yet available
• Results of the user requirement survey
conducted by JRC expected at the
beginning of March

Kick-off meeting
• Establish work plan
– Begin with what is available
– Use the survey done by WG-CPI as starting
point
– Decided actions
• As-it analysis (countries involved in TWG CP)
• Description of CAP (Common Agriculture Policy)
use case
• With focus on the 5 key elements identified by this
survey (+ metadata/quality + delivery)

Then …
• Preparation of discussion papers on each
element
– Results from the as-it analysis
– User requirements (mainly CAP use case)
– LADM standard + DT DS documents
– Main conclusions
• More detailed state-of-play
• Identify harmonisation issues and possible
solutions

• Requirements
– Agriculture use case
– INSPIRE (D2.5)
– TWG CP members expertise
• As-it analysis
Main sources
– General overview (from WG-CPI survey in 2005)
– More detailed information on 11 countries
• Netherlands - Denmark
• Norway - Finland
• France - Spain
• Hungary - Belgium
• Switzerland - Austria
• Czech Republic

First loop
The iterative approach proposed by the RISE project
=> TWG CP decided to make a first loop (requirements, as-it,
gap analysis)

• Objectives - Agenda
April meeting
– Discussion based on the results of previous
steps
– Initiate the use case development

April meeting
A first conclusion
• A main issue: vector/raster data
– Vector data better for users
– But some countries have only raster data
• Actions:
– Investigate which countries will still have (only) raster
data in 2016 (INSPIRE deadline for cadastral parcels)
– If any, ask them how their raster data looks like
– Questionnaire sent to concerned countries
• which declared to have raster data during the WG-CPI survey
• which did no answer to this survey

April meeting
Use case development
• First selection of relevant use cases:
– 6 European ones
– 9 national (but potentially European or cross-border)
ones
– From user requirement survey and from TWG CP
members
• How to analyse them
– Identify requirements (by filling the check-list adapted
from the DT DS methodology)

Second loop
=> TWG CP decided to make a second loop (requirements,
as-it, gap analysis)

Then …
• User requirement capture
– Get more information about the use case
– Contact users
– Fill the check-list
• Need for
• using Reference Material, if any
• by the user himself
• with help from TWG CP (e.g. phone interview)
– Additional use cases
– Classification of use cases

Use case development status
Main issues
• Use cases are more or less interesting for INSPIRE
– European/cross-border or just national examples
• How to deal with national examples?
• => try to have several examples to make comparison
– Legal framework (e.g. environmental Directives)
– Link with other Annex themes
– Input from CT expected
• General issues
– Users difficult to identify and to contact
– Unclear answers, incomplete answers
– Users explaining current situation rather than requirements

Use case development status
• Use a classification based on the one provided
by WG -CPI survey
– Land market - Agriculture
– Environment - Spatial planning
– Infrastructures - Public administration
– Public safety - Socio-economic analysis

Use case development status
• Land market
– Not an INSPIRE use case
– But possible link with EULIS would be fine
• Agriculture
– European LPIS (Land Parcel Identification
system)
– National vineyard cadastre (Spain-Hungary)
– Ragweed monitoring (Hungary)

Use case development status
• Environment
– Soil Protection
- Directive European level
- Public law restrictions, National implementation
(Netherlands)
– Protected sites
• TWG PS?
• Nature GIS?

Use case development status
• Spatial planning
– Urban planning (France – Spain)
– Data production (land use) for GMES?
– Indicators on land use (Belgium)
• Infrastructures
– Road database (Belgium)
– National examples (Spain-France-
Netherlands)

Use case development status
• Public administration
– Public land management
• General use case (FIG workshop on this topic in September
2008)
• National example (France)
• Public safety
– Flood Directive?
• Socio-economic analysis
– National example (Spain)

Next events
• TWG meeting in Brussels on 04/06/08
• Presentation during EuroGeographics Interproject meeting
(12/06/08)
• Panel presentation/discussion of TWG during the INSPIRE
conference (23/06/08) in Maribor-Slovenia
• Joint meeting (editors-facilitators-DT DS) during the
INSPIRE conference (24/06/08)
• Presentation during PCC meeting (26/06/08)
• TWG meeting in September

TWG Cadastral Parcels
FIRST RESULTS
Workshop EuroGeographics - PCC
3 June 2008

Sources
• Temporary state-of-play based on previous steps
– Requirements
• INSPIRE (D2.5)
• Available check-lists
• TWG CP members expertise
– As-is analysis
• General overview (from WG-CPI survey in 2005)
• More detailed information on 11 countries
• First results of the raster questionnaire
– Gap analysis/first proposals
• Discussion papers
• Discussion during TWG CP meeting in April 2008

Main first conclusions
• Scope of INSPIRE cadastral parcels
– Core elements
– Geometry - Surface
– Identifier - Georeferencement
– Temporal information
– Possible additional elements
– ParcelSet (e.g. municipalities, sections): name, code, level,
metadata info
– Link with addresses
– Link with rights/owners
– Other attributes on parcels (e.g. rural/urban, land value,
public/private )
– Boundary lines
– Survey points
– Sub-parcels, “over-parcels” (e.g. real estate)

First main conclusions
The raster issue
• A main issue: vector/raster data
– Vector data better for users
– But some countries have only raster data
• However, vectorisation is long and costly
⇒ difficult to impose it to MS
⇒ TWG CP envisaged to propose the 2 options vector/raster
• Questionnaire launched by TWG CP about cadastral
raster data

First main conclusions
The raster issue
• WG-CPI results :
– Raster data in England, Italy, Portugal, France, Czech
Republic, Croatia, Ireland
– No information for Malta, Poland, Bulgaria
• TWG CP questionnaire/work results
– Full vector data now or before 2016: Italy, England,
Czech Republic, Malta, Cyprus, Poland (?)
– Vectorisation in progress but may be still raster data
in 2016: France
– No answer: Croatia, Portugal, Bulgaria, Ireland

First main conclusions
The raster issue
• Decision from Commission (during workshop on
the transposition)
– Vectorisation is considered as new data capture
– MS (with raster data) don’t have to vectorise before
2016
• To be discussed in TWG CP: is it worth to
propose the raster option?

First main conclusions
Definition of parcel
• In the INSPIRE Directive:
– “areas defined by cadastral registers or equivalent”
– not very explicit (specially for MS having sub-parcels
or “over-parcels”)
• TWG CP explanation
– “a single part of the earth surface under
homogeneous real property rights and ownership »

• closed polygons
PARCEL GEOMETRY
REQUIREMENTS
• clean topology (gaps and overlaps are an issue)
• currently, general use of 2D data
• in future, interest to combine parcels with Digital
Terrain Model ⇒ 2,5 D parcels better
• curves/breaklines:
– Generally just breaklines (linear interpolation)
– Depends on existing data (e.g. Netherlands)

PARCEL GEOMETRY
AS-IS-ANALYSIS
• Provided in different ways
– Vector/raster data
– For vector data :
• Topological structure or not
o Public domain (e.g. roads)
o Gaps and overlaps
• Mainly 2D data, some 2,5 D or even 3D data
• Curves/breaklines:
– Generally just breaklines
– Some countries have other kinds of curves

PARCEL IDENTIFIER
REQUIREMENTS
• INSPIRE Generic Conceptual model
– Unique and persistent identifiers
– Composed of:
• Namespace: beginning by country code, up to each MS
• Local identifier
– Lexical rules: limited set of characters
• Users requirements
– Link with national cadastral register (rights/owners)
– Link with EULIS

PARCEL IDENTIFIER
AS-IS-ANALYSIS
• Available in all European countries (except Iceland)
• In a very heterogeneous way:
– Structured identifiers/UUID
– If structured, different kinds of structure
- Hieratical cadastral division
- Some lineage
- Indication of type of parcel
- Fixed/variable length, separators (‘,’, ‘/’, ‘-’, ‘ ’, …),

PARCEL IDENTIFIER
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
• namespace to be defined by MS
– country code (as recommended by WG-CPI) generally may be
enough
– Possible exception if same identifier used for other feature types
(e.g. buildings)
• possible issue with separators (“/” not allowed by GCM)
• Interest of “short name” (last part of identifier) for portrayal
purposes

PARCEL SURFACE
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
• Official/registered surface (likely) to be provided in m 2
• Calculated surface depends on the CRS and on the tool
(GIS): probably better to let the calculation on the user side
• Surface accuracy
– Strong requirement about the from CAP use case
– Recommended also by WG-CPI
– But may be not so easy to provide (e.g. depends on the parcel
form)

• Users
GEOREFERENCEMENT
REQUIREMENTS
– Current use of cadastral data in national CRS
– To work with distances or surfaces, need for a projection offering
few linear alteration
• INSPIRE TWG “Reference Systems”
– ETRS89 for countries on the European tectonic plaque
– Nothing yet about projections

GEOREFERENCEMENT
AS-IT-ANALYSIS
• Widely available (except Iceland, part of Romania, missing
information for Estonia)
• Generally in national CRS
• Transformation between national CRS and ETRS89
generally well-defined and of good quality (exact or better
than 1 m)
The CRS transformations may have impact on the positional
accuracy of parcels (as large scale data)

TEMPORAL INFORMATION
• User requirements:
– Date of last update
– “Parent-parcel”
• As-is analysis
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
– Different update frequency
– Different life-cycle rules (but generally well-defined)
• TWG CP proposal: main relevant information
• Date of last update (parcel level)
• Date of publication in INSPIRE (data set level)

• Requirements
– By some use cases
PARCEL SET
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
– For data querying/searching
– For carrying metadata
• As-is analysis
– Widely available
– But in heterogeneous way
• TWG CP proposal
– Based on the LADM method
– ParcelSet with code, name, level

• Requirements
QUALITY
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
– Strong requirements on positional accuracy by use case
“agriculture”
– Other quality elements also quoted (up-to-dateness, semantic
accuracy, completeness)
• As-is analysis
– Heterogeneous (positional accuracy, up-to-dateness)
– No information about semantic accuracy and completeness
• INSPIRE recommendation
– Don’t ask for minimum quality levels
– Just make recommendations

• Requirements
– Not yet analysed
• As-is analysis
METADATA
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
– 3 elements widely available:
• Original Map scale
• Positional accuracy
• Production mode

• Requirements
– Users : not yet analysed
DATA TRANSFER
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
– INSPIRE D2.7 : GML (+ additional formats, if required)
• As-is analysis
– National formats
– GIS formats (shape, MIF/MID, DXF/DWG, …)
– Classical media (file, paper) and Web services in some countries

PORTRAYAL
FIRST CONCLUSIONS
• INSPIRE requirements: for view services
• Users current practice
– Parcels displayed as background data
• Discrete symbology
– Parcels contours in black or grey
– Parcel numbers in black or grey
– Parcels displayed with orthophoto as background
• Need for brighter colours

• TWG CP
INSPIRE AND LADM
– Use LADM as a tool
• For modelling (e.g. for “ParcelSet”)
• As glossary
– Use only a subset of LADM
• LADM
– Good willing to take TWG CP results into account
• Some modifications already proposed
• Align their roadmap with the TWG CP one
• Joint meeting in September?

INSPIRE AND EuroGeographics-
• Communication TWG CP
PCC
– Workshop (Brussels) on 03/06/08
– Interproject meeting (12/06/08)
– PCC meeting (26/06/08)
• Help from EuroGeographics – PCC
– Discussion and comments
• during today workshop
• or later (dominique.laurent@ign.fr)
– Enlarge the as-is-analysis (by filling the check-list)
– Possible involvement of EURADIN and/or ESDIN projects for
testing

INSPIRE AND EuroGeographics-
PCC
DISCUSSION ON FEASIBILITY ISSUES
• Some minimum requirements (to be conform to
INSPIRE)
– (probably) vector data
– Georeferencement in ETRS89
– Identifier
– GML as exchange formats

INSPIRE AND EuroGeographics-
PCC
DISCUSSION ON FEASIBILITY ISSUES
• Quality improvements
- Positional accuracy
- improvement
- have it on a convenient way (directly on parcels rather than on survey
points)
- Accurate CRS transformation from national CRS to ETRS89
- Update frequency
- Topology (no gaps nor overlaps)

INSPIRE AND EuroGeographics-
PCC
DISCUSSION ON FEASIBILITY ISSUES
• Quality information (metadata)
– Positional accuracy
• For parcel boundaries
• For parcel surface
– Temporal information
• Date of last update (at parcel level)
– National profile of DPS (e.g. chosen options, populated
attributes, national specificities)
• 2,5 D parcels (later)

GLOSSARY
CAP: Common Agriculture Policy
CRS : Coordinate Reference System
DPS: Data Product Specification
GCM : Generic Conceptual Model (D2.5)
GIS : Geographic Information System
GML: Geographic Markup Language
LADM: Land Administration Domain Model
MS: Member State
PCC: <strong>Permanent</strong> <strong>Committee</strong> on Cadastre
TWG CP : Thematic Working Group Cadastral Parcel
UUID : Unique Universal IDentifier
WG-CPI : Working Group on Cadastral Parcel in INSPIRE

Agriculture
1. Council Regulation EC 2003R1782
2. Commission Regulation EC 2004R0796
3 June 2008

Context
• Common Agricultural Policy Aid to the farmer’s is
decoupled from production but area based
• To manage aid, MS have to set up an Integrated
Administration and Control System (IACS) with:
– (a) a computerised data base,
– (b) an identification system for agricultural parcels
(LPIS),
– (c) a system for the identification and registration of
payment entitlements,
– (d) aid applications,
– (e) an integrated control system,
– (f) a single system to record the identity of each farmer
who submits an aid application

Context 2
• 2004R0796 6: 1. The identification system for
agricultural parcels shall operate at reference
parcel level such as cadastral parcel, or
production block
• 2003R1782 44. Use of payment entitlements
– 1 Any payment entitlement accompanied by an eligible
hectare shall give right to the payment of the amount
fixed by the payment entitlement.
– 2. ‘Eligible hectare’ shall mean any agricultural area of
the holding taken up by arable land and permanent
pasture except areas under permanent crops, forests or
used for non agricultural activities

Spatial Elements
key spatial objects and their properties
Stable over
time
Area officially
known
Reference Parcel (RP)
LPIS custodian
Locates
[claimed] land
123xyz
1.23ha
Eligibility (cover)
recorded officially
Prevents
Double
Declaration
unique
identifier
Boundary
in GIS
Agricultural Parcel (AP)
farmer and inspectors
May be
unstable over
time
Area
claimed
by farmer
“Contracted
” area in
application
123xyz
1.10ha
1.23ha
Payment
calculation
Use
declared by
farmer
123xyzA:
location in
application
Controlled
object

National implementations
LPIS type (2006) An example
PT
ES
IE
UK
FR
BEf
BEw
LU
NL
DE
IT
DK
MT
AT
SI
CZ
5 agriculture parcel
3 cadastral parcel + 1
4 farmer block
8 physical block + 1
1 varies by Laender
2 MS in accession
4 MS have recently switched
type of reference parcel
SE
HU
PL
SK
GR
LT
LV
EE
FI
CY

Interest for INSPIRE
• 2003R1782 3 Main requirements: a farmer
receiving direct payments shall respect the
statutory management requirements …, and the
good agricultural and environmental condition...
– Statutory Management Requirements (SMRs): 18
Community legislative acts in the areas of environment,
public, animal and plant health and animal welfare
– Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions
(GAECs): defined by MS in a common framework
covering
• soil erosion
• soil organic matter
• soil structure
• minimum level of maintenance
• Maintenance of land under permanent pasture

Users
• Farmers: annual declaration of land use
– Identify agricultural parcel (AP) by reference parcel (RP)
– Quantify area of agricultural parcel
• Inspectors:
– 100% adminstrative checks
– 5% of the farms eligibilty and area
– 1% of the holdings for SMR and GAEC
• Administrations (LPIS custodians)
– Provide preprinted forms with cartographic references
– Collect and process “corrections” on AP area and
boundary changes of RP

ud LPIS Use Cases 1
Name:
Package:
Version:
Author:
Farmer
LPIS Use Cases 1
Use Cases
1.a
JRC GeoCAP
IACS
Aid application use case
UC400
Calculate
payment
UC201
Furnishing
of farmer's
application
«include»
«fragment»
UC103 Provide
spatial refernce
on CC
UC200 Lodge
aid
application
LPIS (Technical View)
LPIS (Functional View)
«include»
«include»
«fragment»
UC102 Determine
eligible area
«include»
«include»
UC302 OTSC,
CwRS, CC
«include»
«include»
UC300
Process aid
applications
«fragment»
UC101 Identify
and localize AgrP
«include»
«include»
«include»
UC301
Administrative
cross-checks
LPIS custodian
Paying Agency

Aid to farmers (area based)
EU budget of €35 billion to 8.7 million aid applications (2007)
administrations
field inspectors
farmers
custodian
EC DG. ENV DG SANCO
DG AGRI / CAP
Environment
directives
Overview
Public/Animal
health&welfar
e
1st PILLAR
SPS / SAPS + direct aid
Statutory Management Requirements Good Agricultural & Environmental Condition
Cross-Compliance
Land Parcel Identification System
2nd PILLAR
Rural Development
Eligibility Land use/ area checks
yearly declaration 5 year commitment
IACS

Requirements towards
• Application schema:
cadastral parcels
- Cadastral parcels (rather Reference Parcels)
- Identifier (parcel number)
- Official/polygon/gross area
- Maximum Eligible/net area
• Terminology
- Terms defined in Regulations (multilingual)

Requirements towards
• Geometry/topology
cadastral parcels
– 3 RP subtypes according to boundary/origin:
• cadastral block: ownership/cadastre
• physical block: topographic feature/administration
• farmer’s block: land user/farmer
– Planar vector boundaries
• scale: > 1/10.000
• ineligibility inclusions ≤ 100 m2

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
- Temporal information
- Annual campaign, modifications should be
validated before payment
- <strong>Permanent</strong> features last 5 years
- Eligibility (land cover) +/- 5 years
- For SAPS: land under GAEC on 30/6/2003

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Identifier management
- Unique and persistent identifier
- To make the non-coterminous link with
agricultural parcel in the aid application
- Indicated on the “preprinted” form

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Coordinate Reference System
– planar coordinates are considered, required to
be in "national geodetic system", interpreted as
a National CRS
• Units of measurement
– hectare (0.00ha)
• Metadata
- not addressed at EU level,
- often implemented at MS level,
- periodic audit questionnaires description of data

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Quality
- Positional accuracy: 2.5m RMS
- Area accuracy: better than 1.5 x perimeter
- Thematic accuracy (of areas): ineligibilty
inclusions 100m2 + 75%/90% rule
- Temporal accuracy: synchronised with
campaign
- Completeness: 100% of submitted AP must
have RP,
• Data transfer: digital systems
– Pre-printed form with cartographic material
– E-services allowed

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Portrayal
– simplicity expected for the pre-printed form: RP
boundaries and identification required
– aerial photographs (less the 5 years old)
recommended
• Consistency between data (other themes)
- Auditors expect:
- match RP boundary with eligibility (exclude buildings,
roads, forest, water)
- match RP boundary with orthoimagery (1.5 pixel)

concluding considerations
• Cadastre is an explicit option
• Focus is on accurate area data (detail 0.01 ha)
as this accounts for the financial value of the aid
– farmer must be facilitated to create a true aid
application (location and size of agricultural parcel),
and provide info on change
– inspector must be able to identify and measure the
agricultural parcel in the field or on RS imagery
• DG Agri audits IACS
• significant interactions with many (large scale)
INSPIRE themes

Soil Protection
1. EC, Soil Protection Directive,
2. The Netherlands, Wkpb (public law restrictions)˫
Bruxels, 3 June 2008

1. EC, Soil Protection Directive
(based on slides Amalia Velasco, Spain)˫

The role of cadastral parcels in
the application of the European
Environmental Policies
One of the main objectives of the European Union Policy
is to promote measures at international level to deal with
environmental problems.
The Community institutions are now obliged to take
account of environmental considerations in all their
other policies.
– How cadastral information can be used for
managing environmental problems?

Proposal for a Directive
of the EU Parliament & Council
establishing a framework for the protection of soil
and amending Directive 2004/35/EC
• establishing a system that allows the identification of
precise risk zones,
• with the purpose of easily intervening over the same with
prevention and mitigation actions, and if necessary,
restoration of the soils that have been contaminated.
• Member States will establish an “inventory of
contaminated soils”

The inventory shall be made public and reviewed at least
every five years
This inventory will give place to several public actions,
according to what is established in the Proposal.

The most significant effects that will
derive from this Directive are:
• when there is an intention of selling a parcel of land
where one of the potentially contaminating activities
is taking or has taken place
• the member States will ensure that the possible
buyer receives a report regarding the situation of the
soil, issued by an authorised person or public
organisation that will define the situation regarding
its alleged contamination.

Consideration 25
“In order to assist in the rapid identification of
contaminated sites, the owner of a site where,
according to official records such as national
registers or cadastres, a soil polluting activity has
taken or is taking place, or the prospective buyer
should, prior to completing the land transaction,
provide relevant information on the status of the
soil to the competent authority and to the other
party in the transaction...”.
The importance of the effects this Directive will
have over the real-estate market acting in this
type of soils is evident

General Administration of the State is responsible
of establishing the opportune criterion and
procedures in order for the Ministry of Environment
to create the inventory of potentially contaminated soils
defined by the Directive proposal,
using for this and together with the environmental data
that is defined, the cadastral information that is esteemed
necessary.

Result
The cadastral information must be the support of
the environmental information because the
mesh of property distribution and other
cadastral data are needed. (interoperability)˫

Cadastral maps are served using standard WMS
that allow external geographical systems to overlay
Cadastral information onto their own cartographies,
adding to the information about pollution (or fires or ..) all
the current associated cadastral information: owner, rights,
surface, land uses, land cover, value …

Besides, it would be possible to incorporate
this information into the certification or to
elaborate another type of report availably by
internet.
BORRADOR
DATOS DEL INMUEBLE
D O MIC IL IO T R IB U T A R IO
P o líg o n o 6 P ar ce la 2 0
REFERENCIA CATASTRAL DEL INMUEBLE
08020 A0 06000200000O O
M A S T RA BA L . BEG UES ( BA RC EL O NA )
U S O L OC A L P R IN C IPA L
V A L O R S U E L O (E u r)
26 .80 0,84
A g r ar io
C OE F IC IE N T E D E P A R T IC IPA C I ÓN
100 ,0 000 00
DATOS DE TITULARIDAD
A P E L L ID O S Y N O MB R E/ R A ZÓ N S OC IA L
A Y UNT A M IEN TO DE BA RC EL O NA
D O MIC IL IO F IS C A L
P Z S A NT JAU M E
BA RC EL ON A 0 8 00 2-BA RC EL O NA
D E R E C H O
1 00,00% d e P r o pie d ad
V A L OR C ON ST R U CC IÓN (E u r)
0,00
A Ñ O C O N S T R U C C IÓ N
- -
S U P E R FI C IE C ON S T R U ID A (m ²)
- -
V AL OR CA T A S T R A L (E u r)
26 .8 00,84
DATOS DE LA FINCA A LA QUE PERTENECE EL INMUEBLE
S IT U A C IÓ N
P o líg o n o 6 P ar ce la 2 0
M A S T RA BA L . BEG UES ( BA RC EL O NA )
S U P E R FIC IE C ON S T R U IDA (m ²)
--
SU P ER FIC IE S U E L O (m ²)
1.878.39 2
T IP O D E FI N CA
- -
A Ñ O V A L OR
20 07
N IF
P 080 190 0B
CERTIFICACIÓN CATASTRAL DESCRIPTIVA Y GRÁFICA
BIENES INMUEBLES RÚSTICOS
Municipio de BEGUES Provincia de BARCELONA
IN F O R M A C IÓ N GR Á F IC A E : 1/ 30 000
4.575.000
4.574.000
4.573.000
4.572.000
9
6
7
2 1
d
8
b
a
006
20
3
e f
i
g
n q p
408.000 409.000 410.000
L a p r e s e n te c e r ti fi c a c i ón se e x p id e a l o s s o lo s e fe c to s d e l u s o s o l ic ita d o , y re fle ja l os d a to s
i n c o r p o r a d o s a l c a ta s tro d e e s ta G e r e n c i a , e n la fe c h a d e s u e x p e d i c i ón .
410.000 C oor denadas U T M , en metr os .
L ím ite Z ona V er de
Ac er as
M obiliar io
j
h
c
k
4
ml
En B a rc e lona , a miérc oles , 25 de abr il de 20 07
2r8 5

2. Wet kenbaarheid publiekrechtelijke
beperkingen (Wkpb, law access to public
law restrictions), The Netherlands

Context
• Use case proposed by Dutch Ministry of
Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment
(VROM)˫
• Uniform access to all the registered public
restrictions (limitations on the use of
property imposed by government) by
owners or buyers of properties
• Registration of state, provincial, water board
imposed restrictions by cadastre, but
municipalities must have own registration

Spatial aspects restrictions
• Two options:
– Have own geometry (then it would become
close to situation as in protected sides), option
in the 2 nd phase of the law
– Use cadastral parcels (this is the more common
situation)
• Using cadastral parcels is scope of this use
case
• Nationwide coverage with detail as in Dutch
cadastral map (1:1,000)˫

Interest for INSPIRE
• All types of restrictions are included (some
are environmental; e.g. soil protection)˫
• National use case based on national laws,
but in future perhaps also the related to the
EC directive for soil protection (which is
currently blocked by a minority opposition in
EU parliament)˫
• Links other themes
• Addresses
• Administrative units (municipalities)˫
• Land use (restrictions due to spatial planning)˫

Users
• Governmental organizations:
– Entering restrictions in the system using
cadastral parcels as basis and add specifics:
type of restriction, legal source, duration, etc.
(perhaps after overlay with own geometry to
select the right set of parcel)˫
– Getting notifications on parcel changes (to
potentially update ‘attached’ restrictions)˫
• Owners, buyers of properties: wanting to
obtain information on public restrictions from
the system before transaction takes place

Municipality
User
UML Use case diagrams
new PR info
provide
publ. restrictions
specify
request
process new
parcels
Register new
publ. restriction
Manage
parcel changes
Publish public
restrictions
parcel updates
provide parcels
provide parcels and
publ. restrictions
Cadastre

Requirements towards
• Application schema:
- Cadastral parcels
cadastral parcels
- Identifier (parcel number)˫
- Cadastral boundary
- Line geometry
- ParcelSet (municipalities)˫
- Name
- Code
• Terminology
- Public restrictions (limitations) defined in list with codes
- Use of cadastral terms as defined by the cadastral data
providers

Requirements towards
• Geometry/topology
cadastral parcels
– As in Dutch cadastral map (topology based)˫
– Circular arcs and straight line segments
– Use of 2D data
– No gaps and overlaps between parcels
– Use of raster data is not acceptable

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
- Temporal information
- Within a day, attached restriction should be
available to users (buyers)˫
- Parcel geometry changes should be make
available as soon as possible (typically 1-2
months after change)˫
- Keep administration of public law restrictions
consistent with the cadastral parcels
need for update delivery

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Identifier management
- Unique and persistent identifier
- To make the link with rights/owners in the
cadastral register
Users access the system via parcel
identifier, or address or map (coordinates)
via ‘Kadaster Online’

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Coordinate Reference System
– RD (Dutch national reference system)˫
• Dates
– expressed in days (2 nd phase hours, minutes)˫
• Metadata
- No other than attached to Dutch cadastral map

- Quality
Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
- Accuracy 10-50 cm, typically: urban area’s 20
cm, rural area’s 40 cm)˫
- Completeness and up-to-dateness very
important
• Data transfer
– XML/SOAP based, Dutch standard StUF2
www.vrom.nl/Docs/publicaties/w863.pdf
– Both synchronous (question/answer) and
asynchronous (change notifications)
communication

Requirements towards
cadastral parcels
• Portrayal
– At least cadastral boundaries (black lines) and
parcel numbers (black text, can be rotated and
‘offset’ with stick)˫
– Other reference information on cadastral maps
includes: buildings (red lines) and house
numbers and street names (black text can be
rotated)˫
• Consistency between data (other themes)˫
- Addresses
- Administrative areas (municipalities)˫

Spatial Planning
GéoPLU – GéoSUP - GéoADS
France
3 June 2008

GéoPLU – GéoSUP - GéoADS
France

Context
• Use case proposed by DGUHC based on results
French Working Group - urban planning
• Objective
To define guidelines to help local authorities and/or
governmental agencies to provide urbanism documents
as digital data for the delivery of construction permits
• Legal framework
– New national law on urbanism (13/12/2000)
• Better balance between social and private habitat
• New urbanism documents

Interest for INSPIRE
• National use cases based on national laws
• But:
– Strong links with annex III themes
• Land use
• probably Regulated areas
– Potential cross-border applications

Use case description

Cadastral data
Topographic data,
orthophotography
Context
GéoPLU
Link with land use (Annex III)
Spatial
Planning
Maps

Legal definition
of public
easements
Reference data
(cadastre,
orthophoto,
topography)
Context
GéoSUP
Link with regulated areas in Annex III
Public
easement
maps

Request for
construction
permit
Urbanism maps
Use case description
GéoADS
Decision on
request for
construction
permit

Requirements towards cadastral
• Application schema:
- Cadastral parcels
- Identifier
- Official surface
parcels
- ParcelSet (municipalities, sections)
- Name
- Code
• Terminology
- Use of cadastral terms as defined by the cadastral data providers

Requirements towards cadastral
• Geometry/topology
– Closed polygons
– Only linear interpolation
– Now, use of 2D data
parcels
– But 2,5D parcels combined with 3D buildings may be of interest in
future (for visibility easements)
– Gaps and overlaps between parcels may occur; it is an issue in a
very weak % of cases
– Use of raster data
• May work as parcels have centroid point carrying the parcel identifier
• Black and white radiometry well adapted
• Less convenient (only for viewing)

Requirements towards cadastral
- Temporal information
parcels
- Need to keep the link between construction permit
dossier and the parcel(s) it applies
- Identifier (but may change)
- Geometry
- We can work with yearly updates as provided now or
soon by cadastral data providers
- Main issues on areas with big changes (e.g. urbanism
projects)
- Ideally, direct access to continuously updated cadastral
database

Requirements towards cadastral
parcels
• Identifier management
- Unique and persistent identifier
- To make the link with rights/owners in the
cadastral register
- For INSPIRE, would be better to have
separators between the different parts of the
identifier (municipality code, section code, …)

Requirements towards cadastral
parcels
• Coordinate Reference System
– RGF93 (part of ETRS89) for metropolitan area
– Other official CRS for over-sea territories
– Work with surfaces and distances => need for
projections with few linear alteration
• Measure units
– Meter for distances
– Hectare and are for surfaces

Requirements towards cadastral
parcels
• Metadata
- Use of administrative units to search data
- Need for temporal information
- At least, date of publication (+ data provider)
- Date of last update for each parcel would be useful
- Specification of cadastral data
- Quality
- Need for metric positional accuracy
- Accuracy on surface also important, conflicts between official
surface and surface measured by GPS
- Completeness required (and available)
- Topological correctness would be better
- Data currency is important

Requirements towards cadastral
• Data transfer
– For vector data
parcels
• use of GIS formats (MIF/MID or shapefile) more
convenient
• No experience with GML
– For raster data
• TIF + georeferencement files, tiles 1km x 1 km :
current use
• Only one tile in ECW would be more convenient

Requirements towards cadastral
parcels
• Portrayal
– Discrete symbology
• Contour of parcels in thin grey or black line
• Parcel number as a grey or black label
• Consistency between data
- Inconsistencies with administrative areas due to
different validity dates
+ Consistency is ensured between roads and
parcels