SUMMARY PhD. THESIS

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Key Words 3D vision, depth from polarisation, 3D LookUp Tables, distributed video coding Thesis’ Table of Content 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2. Study on the Theoretical Fundamentals, Existing Solutions and Current Trends in the Evolution of Vision System Architectures, Technologies and Equipments............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1. Visual Perception. Spatial Perception. Stereovision. ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2. 2D and 3D Video Representations and Extensions (multiview, freeviewpoint)Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.4. Elements of Projective Geometry for 2D & 3D Vision Systems ............ Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.5. The Theory of Video Sampling ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.6. Emerging Theories – Compressive Sampling ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.7. Standards for 2D & 3D Video Data Representation ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.8. Technologies and Architectures for 2D & 3D Video Capturing – Existing Solutions and Trends . Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.9. Technologies and Architectures for 2D & 3D Video Rendering – Existing Solutions and Trends Error! Bookmark not defined. Contributions ....................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3. Study on 2D&3D Video Signal Coding for Transmission – Emerging Paradigms: Distributed Video Coding ................................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1. The Distributed Video Coding Paradigm. Approaches and Perspectives Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.2. General Presentation of the Theory of Distributed Video Coding .......... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3. Implemented Architectures for Distributed Video Coding...................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4. Analisys of Distributed Video Coding Architectures .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Contributions ....................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4. Acquiring Depth Information in Vision Systems ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1. Photo and Video Acquisition for 3D and Stereovision ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.2. The Acquistion of Depth from Defocus .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3. Principles and Approaches for the Acquition of Depth from Light Polarisation Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.4. Algorithm and Experimental Model for the Acquisition of Depth from Light Polarisation ........... Error! Bookmark not defined. Contributions ....................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5. Real-time 2D High-Definition Video Signal Processing Using FPGA Technology and 3D-LookUp Tables ................................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.1. Realtime in-Camera Video Processing .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.2. 3D LookUp Table Processing for Video Signals .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.3. Software Simulator Implementation for 3d LookUp Table Video Signal Processing ................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.4. FPGA Technology Hardware Integration of 3D LookUp Table Video Signal Processing ............. Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.5. Obtained Results in Realtime Video Signal Processing Using 3D LookUp TablesError! Bookmark not defined. 2
Contributions ....................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 6. Conclusion ........................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 7. Bibliography ........................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix ................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix ................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix ................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix ................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix ................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. General Subject of the Thesis In the last decade, visual representations (images or video sequences) have been present in almost all aspects of everyday life, making multimedia information ubiquitous. Services and products like digital photography, digital television, DVDs and BlueRays, the World Wide Web, videoconferencing, virtual collaboration and others, are all based to a great extent on the use of such visual content. Currently, one can witness, under the momentum of the theoretical and technological developments characteristic to the „digital era”, a wide process of „re-invention” of the video systems and services formerly based on the use of analogue technology. Likewise, the capabilities available in video rendering devices (screens that allow high contrast ratios, low power consumption and various shapes, sizes and spatial resolutions), the high throughput processing and transmitting networks (in the order of Mbytes per second) and the opportunities offered by the visual information acquisition systems that allow high quality images and videos (high resolution, colour depth and time sampling of more than 160 frames per second) and the „boom” in applications and use case scenarios have all contributed in the last decade to an unprecedented growth and development of systems that make use of static (images and photos) and dynamic (videos and animations) visual information. In order to cope with these overwhelming requests of new product „invention” and technological breakthrough that will surpass the performances of current devices, services and technologies, one can observe a certain segmentation and specialisation adapted to different types of applications and user groups, as well as an import and mixture of techniques, methods, and technologies stemming from various fields (statistics, chemistry, physics, biology) that were summoned to help. However, one of the most important/revolutionary aspects of the past few years is the interest in adding the extra depth dimension to the „classic” brightness information that is captured from the scene. This thesis aims at bringing personal and original contributions to the challenges that are being currently pursued worldwide within the general field of 2D & 3D vision systems. The research, according to the structure of the presented work, focused on the following: a. Acquiring indepth knowledge in the field of 2D & 3D vision systems engineering: from photo to the latest innovations in imaging acquisition, processing, transport and rendering, including 3D. b. Studying, analysing and comparing emerging methods and paradigms for the coding and compression of the video signal – namely distributed video coding, all in the framework of the increasing number of mobile video-aware devices and wireless transmissions. c. Implementing and proposing new algorithms for acquiring/generating/extracting depth information from defocus and light polarisation, together with brightness information in order to 3
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