MODELING CHAR OXIDATION AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE ...
MODELING CHAR OXIDATION AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE ...
MODELING CHAR OXIDATION AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
HP-CBK Model Development<br />
The HP-CBK differs from the CBK model in several aspects. First, the HP-CBK<br />
uses intrinsic Langmuir kinetics instead of global n-th order kinetics. Second, a pore<br />
structure model is incorporated in order to model the effective diffusivity inside the<br />
particle, which is required by the use of intrinsic kinetics. Third, new correlations are<br />
used for thermal and transport properties to accommodate high pressure situations. Last,<br />
general correlations are used for the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number in order to<br />
model char oxidation for both small and large particles.<br />
Kinetics<br />
The CBK model uses the global n-th order rate equation to represent the chemical<br />
kinetics (see Eq. 6.1). One weakness of this approach is that global kinetic parameters (A<br />
and E) cannot be extrapolated from low temperature (Zone I) to typical boiler<br />
temperature (Zone II) or vice versa. In addition, the reaction order is often observed to<br />
vary under different conditions, with limits of zero and unity.<br />
In order to model reaction rates over wide ranges of temperature and total gas<br />
pressure, it is necessary to use intrinsic kinetics with appropriate treatment of the pore<br />
diffusion effects. The HP-CBK model utilizes the intrinsic kinetics and allows users to<br />
choose either the Langmuir rate equation or the m-th order rate equation to describe char<br />
oxidation kinetics (as discussed in Chapter 5):<br />
qrxn = + S ⎛<br />
ext<br />
⎝<br />
⎜<br />
⎞<br />
⎟<br />
⎠<br />
Sint Stot S int<br />
S int<br />
k 1 p P s<br />
1+ K p P s<br />
d p M C<br />
6<br />
qrxn = + S ⎛<br />
ext<br />
⎝<br />
⎜<br />
⎞<br />
⎟<br />
⎠<br />
Sint m<br />
kmpPs Stot d pMC 6<br />
78<br />
(6.31)<br />
(6.32)