Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
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III-Pos-10 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE 81<br />
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.<br />
IN VITRO OCENA TOLERANTNOSTI PŠENICE NA SUŠU<br />
Vladislava Galoviæ, Zorana Kotaranin i S. Denèiæ<br />
Nauèni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad<br />
U radu je analiziran in vitro efekat stresa suše na 17 razlièitih genotipova pšenice,<br />
razlièitog geografskog porekla. Kalusno tkivo je indukovano iz nezrelih zigotnih<br />
embriona (10-15 dana posle polinacije) na modifikovanoj MS (MURASHIGE and<br />
SKOOG, 1962) hranljivoj podlozi. Nakon dve nedelje kalusno tkivo je presaðeno na istu<br />
hranljivu podlogu obogaæenu 5% visokomolekularnim polyethylene glycol-om (PEG<br />
6000) koji je upotrebljen kao agens stresa za postizanje hemijskog efekta suše. Kontrolna<br />
grupa kalusa gajena je na istoj hranljivoj podlozi bez PEG-a. Nakon èetiri nedelje gajenja<br />
na ovim podlogama ocenjena je sposobnost preivljavanja kalusne mase kod<br />
posmatranih genotipova do presaðivanja kao i procenat smanjenja svee kalusne mase<br />
nakon presaðivanja na hranljivu podlogu sa 5% PEG-om. Utvrðeno je postojanje<br />
statistièki znaèajne razlike izmeðu genotipova u odgovoru na indukovani stres.<br />
Minimalno snienje vrednosti svee mase kalusa u odnosu na kontrolu ocenjeno je kod<br />
genotipa Rozofskaja (14,4%) a maksimalno kod genotipa Miranovska (58,4%)<br />
ukazujuæi na nivo tolerantnosti posmatranih genotipova na stres suše.<br />
Rezultati su pokazali da se novosadski genotipovi, izmeðu ostalih, odlikuju srednjom<br />
tolerantnošæu na vodni deficit indukovan u in vitro uslovima. Genotipovi Slavija, Košuta<br />
i Rapsodija su nešto tolerantniji na stres suše od genotipova Venera, NS55/25 i Odisej.<br />
IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF WHEAT TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT<br />
In vitro effect of drought stress was analyzed in 17 wheat genotypes of different geographic<br />
origins. Callus tissue was induced from immature zygous embryos (10-15 days<br />
after pollination) on a modified MS (MURASHIGE and SKOOG, 1962) nutritive medium.<br />
After two weeks, the callus tissue was transplanted to the same medium previously<br />
enriched with 5% high-molecular polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) which served for induction<br />
of drought stress. The control group of calli was grown in the medium without<br />
PEG. After four weeks of cultivation, the genotypes were assessed for survival ability of<br />
callus mass before transplanting and the percentage of reduction of fresh callus mass after<br />
transplanting to the medium with 5% PEG. Statistically significant differences were<br />
registered among the genotypes in the response to the induced stress. The lowest reduction<br />
of fresh callus mass in relation to the control was observed in the genotype<br />
Rozofskaja (14.4%), the highest in the genotype Miranovska (58.4%), indicating differences<br />
in drought tolerance among the genotypes.<br />
The analyzed NS genotypes had medium tolerance to the water deficit induced under in<br />
vitro conditions. The genotypes Slavija, Košuta and Rapsodija were slightly more tolerant<br />
to drought stress than the genotypes Venera, NS55/25 and Odisej