Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

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34 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE I-Pos-13 Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004. STEPEN HOMOZIGOTNOSTI INVERZIJA I INVERZIONIH KOMPLEKSA KOD Drosophila subobscura U USLOVIMA INBRIDINGA Gordana Rašiæ 1 , Marina Stamenkoviæ-Radak 1 i M. Anðelkoviæ 1,2 1 Biološki fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd 2 Institut za biološka istraivanja «Siniša Stankoviæ», Beograd Genom Drosophila subobscura se odlikuje bogatim hromozomskim polimorfizmom paracentriènih inverzija i taj polimorfizam je najverovatnije u odreðenom stepenu adaptivan. U ovom radu izvršena je analiza efekata inbridinga na genetièku strukturu u okviru laboratorijskih populacija ove vrste poreklom sa razlièitih staništa. Cilj je bio utvrditi da li genetièki sistemi ispitivanih populacija utièu na brzinu dostizanja odreðenog stepena homozigotnosti genskih aranmana tokom kontinuiranog full-sib ukrštanja. Poreðene su uèestalosti pojedinaènih inverzija i inverzionih kompleksa izmeðu prirodnih populacija i 60 inbridingovanih linija. Za odreðene aranmane izraèunate su oèekivana homozigotnost i oèekivana stopa fiksacije. Dobijeni rezultati tumaèeni su sa ekološko-genetièkog aspekta. THE DEGREE OF HOMOZYGOSITY OF INVERSIONS AND INVERSION COMPLEXES IN Drosophila subobscura UNDER INBREEDING Genome of Drosophila subobscura is characterized by a rich chromosomal polymorphism of paracentric inversions and this polymorhism is most probably adaptive at certain degree. In this study, an analysis of the effects of inbreeding on genetic structure of laboratory populations of Drosophila subobscura from different habitats was carried out. Our aim was to determine whether the genetic systems of analyzed populations effect attainment of the degree of homozygosity of gene arrangements during continued full-sib mating. The frequencies of inversions and inversions complexes were compared between natural populations and 60 inbred lines. Expected homozygosity and fixation indexes were calculated for certain arrangements. The obtained results were discussed from ecological and genetical aspects.
I-Pos-14 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE 35 Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004. UTICAJ SEPIA MUTACIJE NA USPEH U PARENJU JEDINKI Drosophila melanogaster Sneana Staniæ 1 , Sofija Pavkoviæ-Luèiæ 2 i V. Kekiæ 2 1 Prirodno-matematièki fakultet, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Kragujevac 2 Biološki fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd Seksualno ponašanje Drosophila se nalazi pod sloenom genetièkom kontrolom i sastoji se od serije specifiènih pokreta praæenih razmenom vizuelnih, akustiènih, olfaktornih i taktilnih stimulusa. Uloga vizuelnih drai u reproduktivnom ponašanju Drosophila detektovana je, izmeðu ostalog, i izuèavanjem ponašanja mutanata deficijentnih u pigmentaciji oka. Rezultati dobijeni na razlièitim vrstama Drosophila sugerišu da su mujaci, nosioci neke od mutacija boje oèiju, obièno manje uspešni u parenju na svetlosti od wt mujaka, kao i da ovi mutantni geni smanjuju njihovu seksualnu aktivnost. Ipak, u mnogim sluèajevima nije utvrðeno postojanje seksualne izolacije izmeðu «divljih» mušica i mutanata. Boja oèiju kod D. melanogaster zavisi od biosinteze drozopterina (pigment crvenih tonova) i omohroma (odgovornog za nijanse braon boje). Ukoliko je jedan od gena na putu biosinteze drozopterina mutiran, kakav je sepia, sloene oèi æe biti braon boje. Interesantno je, recimo, da sepia mutacija smanjuje seksualnu aktivnost mujaka D. bipectinata, dok ista mutacija nema efekta na receptivnost enki (Singh & Sisodia, 1995b). U našim eksperimentima, testirali smo uspešnost u parenju sepia mutanata i wt jedinki primenom eksperimentalnih procedura koje se uobièajeno koriste u studijama seksualne selekcije kod Drosophila (kakve su procedure oznaèene kao «izbor enki» i metod «višestrukog izbora»). Mujaci crvenih oèiju su bili uspešniji u parenju od mutantnih mujaka. THE INFLUENCE OF SEPIA MUTATION ON MATING SUCCESS IN Drosophila melanogaster Sexual behavior of Drosophila is under complex genetic control and it consists of series of specific movements followed by an interchange of visual, acoustic, olfactory and tactile stimuli. The role of visual cues in Drosophila mating behavior has been detected by studying the mating behavior of certain eye pigment deficient mutations. The results obtained from different Drosophila species suggest, on the whole, that eye pigment deficient mutant males are at a mating disadvantage in the light and that different mutant genes diminish the sexual activity of males. However, in most cases there is no evidence of sexual isolation between wild type flies and mutants. The eye colors seen in D. melanogaster results from the interaction between two pigment pathways: the drosopterin pathway which produces pigments with red tones and the ommochrome pathway which produces brown shades of pigments. If a gene in the drosopterin pathway is mutant, like sepia, the eye will be more brown than the wildtype one. It is interesting that sepia mutation diminishes the sexual activity of D. bipectinata males; however, this gene has no effect on receptivity of females (Singh and Sisodia, 1995b). Mating success of sepia mutant and wild type D. melanogaster flies was studied by usual experimental approaches in studing sexual selection in Drosophila, which have typically employed «choice» designs (like «female choice» and «multiple choice»). Red eyed (wt) males were more successful in mating than mutant ones, suggesting that sepia mutation affects mating success in D. melanogaster.
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Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

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