Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

30 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE I-Pos-9
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.
POMOLOŠKE OSOBINE SUPERIORNIH SELEKCIJA ŠUMSKE
(C. avelana L.) I MEÈJE LESKE (C. colurna L.)
R. Miletiæ, M. ikiæ, Nevena Mitiæ i Radomirka Nikoliæ
Institut SRBIJA, Centar za poljoprivredna i tehnološka istraivanja, Zajeèar
Izuèavajuæi šumsku i meèju lesku u višegodišnjem periodu od 1998 do 2003. godine, na
podruèju istoène Srbije izdvojene su po osam selekcija koji se po mnogim osobinama
posebno istièu. Analizirana je krupnoæa, oblik i masa ploda i jezgre kao i hemijski sastav
jezgre. Izuèena je i potencijalna rodnost, odnosno proseèna zastupljenost plodova u cvasti
leske. Proseèna krupnoæa plodova odabranih selekcija šumske leske je 18,0x14,7x12,6 i
meèje leske 16,3x14,0x11,0 mm, a jezgre 13,3x9,1x7,6 odnosno 13,0x9,7x6,5 mm. Masa
plodova šumske leske je 1,01-1,80 g i meèje leske 1,00-1,75 g, jezgre 0,30-0,79 i 0,31-0,65
g. Sadraj jezgre je od 27,9 do 46,2% i od 30,7 do 40,8%. Pojava šturih plodova je
minimalna i to u šumske leske u šest selekcija (0,8-3,1%), a u meèje leske u pet (1,4-5,7%).
Štetoèina Balaninus nucum registrovana je samo u tri selekcije meèje leske u granicama od
1,0 do 1,6%. Sadraj ulja u jezgri odabranih selekcija šumske leske je 44,6-49,9%, a u
meèje leske 48,6-54,4%, sirovih proteina je 12,3-10,8 i 11,7-10,4%, a sadraj mineralnih
materija 2,8-2,4 i 2,6-2,0%. U odabranim selekcijama šumske leske u cvastima se nalazi od
4 do 6 ploda zajedno. Dominiraju dva (29,4%), jedan (26,7%) i tri (24,5%) plodova
zajedno. Cvasti meèje leske su sa 8 do 13 plodova. Najviše je cvasti sa pet ploda (26,6%),
èetiri (21,5%) i šest (20,3%) ploda zajedno.
Prema veæini pokazatelja posebno se istuèu selekcije šumske leske 1, 6i3imeèje leske
2,7i8.
POMOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUPERIOR
SELECTIONS OF THE FOREST HAZEL-NUT TREE (C. avelana L.) AND
THE HAZEL-NUT TREE (C. colurna L.)
Having been examined both before mentioned hazel-nut trees cv. In the period of time
from 1998 to 2003 on the teritory of Eastern Serbia, there were selected eight selections,
separately,that are especially distinguished by many of their characteristics.There were
analyzed the coarseness, form and mass of fruit and kernel,as well as the chemical content
of the kernel. The potential fruitfullness, that is the proportion of fruits in the hazel-nut
inflorescence, was also being investigated. The average fruit coarseness of the
chosen hazel-nut selections of the C. avelana L. is 18.0x 14.7x12.6 mm, and of the C.
colurna L. it is 16.3x14.0x 11.0 mm, while of the kernel it is 13.3x9.1x 7.6 mm, that is
13.9x 9.7x 6.5 mm.The fruit mass of the former´s is 1.01-1.80 g and of the latter´s
1.00-1.75 g, while the kernel mass ranges from 0.30 g to 0.79 g and from 0.31 to 0.65
g.The kernel content is from 27.9 to 46.2%, and from 30.7 to 40.8 %.The occurance of
the shriveled fruits is minimum, appearing in 6 selections of the former´s (0.8-3.1%) ,
while in 5 selections (1.4-5.7 %) of the latter´s. The pest Balaninus nucum is registered in
only three selections of the C. colurna L.,ranging from 1.0 to 1.6 %. The oil content of the
selected hazel-nut trees of the C .avelana L. is 44.6-49.9 %, while in the C. colurna L. it is
48.6-54.4 %; the raw proteins amount is 12.3-10.8 % and 11.7-10.4 %, and the minerals
matters content is 2.8-2.4 % and 2.6-2.0 %.In the chosen selections of the forest hazel-nut
trees, there are 4 to 6 fruits together in a inflorescence. Two (29.4 %),one (26.7 %) and
three (24.5 %) fruits together dominate. The inflorescences of the C. colurna L. are with 8
to 13 fruits. There are most inflorescences with 5 fruits (26.6 %), four (21.5 %) and six
(20.3 %) fruits together. According to the majority of indicators, the following selections
of the C. avelana L. : 1.6 and 3, and 2.7 and 8 of the C. colurna L. are especially
distiguishing ones.