Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
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V-Pos-14 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE 217<br />
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.<br />
UTICAJ PROFESIONALNE EKSPOZICIJE JONIZUJUÆIM ZRAÈENJIMA<br />
NA UÈESTALOST HROMOZOMSKIH PROMENA<br />
Sneana Tomanoviæ, Dušanka Mirkoviæ, Branka Ðuroviæ, M. Mišoviæ i Z. Boškoviæ<br />
Institut za medicinu rada, Vojnomedicinska akademija, Beograd<br />
Upotreba rendgen aparata u dijagnostièke svrhe jedan je od najznaèajnijih veštaèkih<br />
izvora jonizujuæih zraèenja. U ukupnom ozraèivaju populacije u medicinske svrhe<br />
rendgen dijagnostika uèestvuje sa 90-95%. Pri svakoj primeni jonizujuæih zraèenja,<br />
pored pacijenata, malim dozama jonizujuæih zraèenja (MÐZ) izloeno je i zdravstveno<br />
osoblje, koje èini najbrojniju grupu lica profesionalno eksponiranih.<br />
Rezultati analize hromozomskih aberacija najpouzdaniji su pokazatelj ošteæenja nastalih<br />
usled delovanja MÐZ na organizam, zbog èega se ova analiza sprovodi u okviru<br />
zdravstvenih pregleda profesionalno eksponiranih lica.<br />
U radu su prikazani rezultati citogenetskih ispitivanja 25 radiologa i rendgen tehnièara.<br />
Kod svakog ispitanika izvršena je analiza 200 metafaznih hromozoma limfocita periferne<br />
krvi dobijenih klasiènom Morchaed-ovom metodom. Proseèan ekspozicioni sta iznosio je<br />
13.52±7.52 godina. Prema podacima liène dozimetrije za period od decembra 2002. godine<br />
do avgusta 2004. godine doze jonizujuæih zraèenja kretale su se u intervalu od 0.00-3.01<br />
mSv, što je znatno ispod zakonom utvrðene graniène doze od 20 mSv/god. Promene na<br />
hromozomima su konstatovane kod 28% ispitanika. Kod 16% su konstatovane promene<br />
tipa hromatidnih prekida i gapova, dok su kod 12% registrovane strukturne hromozomske<br />
aberacije (delecija, translokacija, dicentrièni hromozom i acentrièni fragment).<br />
Istovremeno su u kontrolnoj grupi, koju su èinila 33 medicinska radnika van zone MÐZ,<br />
promene uoèene kod 12% ispitanika. U ovoj grupi dominirale su promene tipa hromatidnih<br />
prekida i gapova, dok strukturne hromozomske aberacije nisu uoèene.<br />
Komparacijom ove dve grupe ispitanika uoèavamo kako kvantitativne tako i kvalitativne<br />
razlike u pogledu konstatovanih hromozomskih aberacija.<br />
INFLUENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSITION TO IONIZING RADIATION<br />
ON THE FREQUENCY OF CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS<br />
Application of X-ray generators in diagnostic purposes is one of the most important artificial<br />
sources of ionizing radiation. X-ray diagnostic represents 90-95% of total population<br />
exposition from medical sources. With every application of ionizing radiation besides<br />
the patients, medical staff is exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation too. They<br />
represent the most abundant occupationally exposed group.<br />
The results of chromosome aberration analysis represent one of the most reliable indicator<br />
of radiation damages. Thus, this analysis is included in health surveillance of radiation<br />
workers.<br />
In this paper the results of citogenetical investigations for 25 radiologists and technicians<br />
are shown. For each person analysis of 200 metaphase chromosomes from peripheral<br />
blood lymphocytes was done. The average duration of occupational exposition was<br />
13.52±7.52 years. All radiation workers have used TL dosimeters. During the period: December<br />
2002 - August 2004 the total doses varied between 0.00 and 3.01 mSv, which<br />
were significant below limited annual doses of 20 mSv. Chromosome changes were<br />
found at 28 % of investigated persons. Chromatide breaks and gaps were found at 16 %,<br />
and 12 % had structural chromosome aberrations (deletions, translocations, dicentric<br />
chromosome and acentric fragments). At the same time, in the control group of 33 medical<br />
workers, who were not exposed to ionizing radiation, chromosome changes were<br />
found at 12% of them. Chromatide breaks and gaps were dominant aberrations in this<br />
group, while structural chromosome aberrations weren’t found.<br />
Comparation between these two groups showed differences in quantity and quality of the<br />
recorded chromosome aberrations.