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Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

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V-Usm-12 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE 195<br />

Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.<br />

EVALUACIJA CITOTOKSIÈNIH I GENOTOKSIÈKIH EFEKATA<br />

ESTRADIOLA PRIMENOM IN VITRO MIKRONUKLEUS TESTA<br />

N. Ðeliæ 1 , Biljana Spremo-Potpareviæ 2 , Dijana Ðeliæ 3 i V. Bajiæ 4<br />

1<br />

Katedra za biologiju, Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd<br />

2<br />

Institut za fiziologiju, Farmaceutski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd<br />

3<br />

Katedra za anatomiju, Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd<br />

4<br />

Institut za biomedicinska istraivanja «Galenka», Beograd<br />

Hormoni predstavljaju jedan od glavnih faktora rizika za nastanak malignih oboljenja,<br />

naroèito u organima pod snanim uticajem hormona (dojka, endometrijum, prostata).<br />

Najbolje prouèena grupa hormona su seksualni steroidi, posebno estrogeni. Pokazano je<br />

da prirodni i sintetièki, steroidni i nesteroidni estrogeni mogu da ostvare stimulaciju<br />

mitotièkih deoba delujuæi na taj naèin kao tumor-promotori. Meðutim, sve je više<br />

podataka da estrogeni mogu da deluju i na nivou inicijacije kancerogeneze. Naime, pri<br />

metabolièkoj transformaciji estrogena u æeliji dolazi do stvaranja oksidativnog stresa<br />

praæenog ošteæenjima molekula DNK, ukljuèujuæi kovalentne modifikacije azotnih baza.<br />

Praæen je širok spektar koncentracija estradiola, ukljuèujuæi koncentracije koje<br />

odgovaraju terapijskim dozama u humanoj medicini, kao i znatno veæe koncentracije od<br />

terapijskih. In vitro mikronukleus test uraðen je po odgovarajuæim smernicama OECD-a<br />

o testiranju na genotoksiènost. Korišæena je periferna venska krv tri zdrave muške osobe<br />

mlaðe od 35 godina. Za statistièku analizu upotreljen je Studentov t-test.<br />

Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da tek pri koncentracijama 30 i 100 puta veæim od<br />

maksimalnih terapijskih doza u humanoj medicini estradiol znaèajno poveæava uèestalost<br />

mikronukleusa. Prema tome, rizik od izraenih genotoksiènih efekata estradiola postoji u<br />

sluèaju predoziranja estradiola i, verovatno, pri dugotrajnoj terapiji. Pored toga ove dve<br />

najviše ispitivane koncentracije dovele su do usporavanja progresije kroz æelijski ciklus i<br />

do smanjenja procenta binukleisanih limfocita verovatno usled citotoksiènih efekata.<br />

EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF<br />

OESTRADIOL IN CYTOKINESIS BLOCK MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY<br />

Hormones can be considered as the major risk factor for the development of cancer, especially<br />

in organs under strong hormonal influence (breast, endometrium, prostate). The<br />

best studied group of hormones are sexual steroids, especially oestrogens. It has been revealed<br />

that oestrogens (natural and synthetic, steroidal and nonsteroidal) can stimulate<br />

mitotic divisions and, therefore, act as tumor promoters. However, there is increasing evidence<br />

of the genotoxic effects of oestrogens (tumor initiation). According to the modern<br />

standpoint, metabolic conversion (redox cycling) of oestrogens leads to oxidative stress<br />

and DNA damage, including formation of DNA adducts.<br />

We examined a wide range of oestradiol concentrations, including those corresponding<br />

therapeutic doses in human medicine, as well as much higher concentrations. In vitro<br />

micronucleus assay was performed according to the standard genotoxicity OECD guidelines.<br />

Peripheral venous blood from three healthy men younger than 35 was used in these<br />

experiments. Statistical analysis was performed by Student´s t-test.<br />

The obtained results showed that only the concentrations of 30 and 100 fold maximal<br />

therapeutic doses have caused a significant increase of micronucleus frequency. Therefore,<br />

there is some genetic risk if oestradiol is overdosed and, possibly, after a long term<br />

therapy. In addition, the two highest concentrations caused cell cycle delay and decrease<br />

of binucleated lymphocytes which probably resulted from cytotoxic effects.

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