Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

174 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE IV-Pos-57
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.
SELEKCIONO-GENETIÈKA KARAKTERISTIKA SORTE KUKURUZA
UZBEKSKA BELA
L. Kojiæ 1 , Ajgozina Dillyara Serikbaevna 2
1
Institut za kukuruz «Zemun Polje», Beograd
2
OAO «PRODRESURS», Alma-Ata, Kazahstan
Pri otpoèinjanju novih programa selekcije kukuruza (Stvaranje hibrida kukuruza visokog
genetièkog potencijala rodnosti i kvaliteta zrna, Kazahstan, 1993) izuèavanje poèetnog
materijala je od presudne vanosti za uspešnu realizaciju samog programa.
Tako smo za ispitivanja izabrali sortu Uzbekska bela (Uz.b.) i ukrstili je sa devet inbred
linija. Tri inbred linije potièu iz Amerike (FR 809 i B 73 tipa BSSS, i Mo 17 tipa Lancaster,
2 iz Jugoslavije – P 3/72-22 dobijene iz ukrštanja domaæih populacija Konjski zub x
Domaæi tvrdunac, L 17/17 dobijena iz sintetièke populacije Syn 6/9 (L) C0 tipa Lancaster
i èetiri inbred linije iz Zambije – L 7, N 3, L 9-2 i L 12-7). Uporedo sa ispitivanjem
dobijenih kombinacija, koje smo ispitivali 1995 i 1996 godine u Alma-Ati, procesom
samooplodnje dobili smo iz Uz.b. 6 inbred linija, ukrstili sa Mo 17 i ispitivali u
uporednim ogledima tokom 2003. godine.
Sorta Uz.b. (subtropskog porekla) pokazala je proseènu rodnost zrna za 2 godine
ispitivanja od 8.045 kg/ha. To je manje za 45,9% od rodnosti hibrida B73 x Mo 17.
Rodnost hibridnih kombinacija Uz.b. x P 3/72-22, Uz.b. x FR 809, Uz.b. x B 73 i Uz.b. x
Mo 17 je na nivou hibrida B 73 x Mo 17 (razlike u prinosu nisu statistièki znaèajne).
Procenat heterozisa (izraèunat je u odnosu na zajednièkog roditelja – Uz.b.) je visok i
iznosi: Uz.b. x P 3/72-22 – 151,2%, Uz.b. x FR 809 – 148,2%, Uz.b. x B 73 – 146,5% i
Uz.b. x Mo 17 – 146,4%. Hibridna kombinacija Uz.b. x L 17/17 dala je manji prinos zrna
od B 73 x Mo 17 za 10,7% iako je procenat heterozisa iznosio 139,2%.
BREEDING-GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE UZBEKSKA BELA
(UZBEKH WHITE) MAIZE VARIETY
When launching new maize breeding programs (Development of maize hybrids of high
genetic potential for yield and grain quality, Kazakhstan, 1993) the study of initial material
is of crucial importance for the successful realization of the programme.
Hence, we selected for the experiment the Uzbekska Bela (Uz.b.) variety and crossed it
with nine inbred maize lines. Three inbred lines have their descent from the US (FR 809
and B 73 type BSS, and Mo 17 type Lancaster, 2 from Yugoslavia – P 3/72-22 that was
obtained from a cross between the domestic populations Konjski zub (Horse tooth) x
Domaæi tvrdunac (Domestic flint), L 17/17 that was obtained from synthetic population
Syn 6/9 (L) C0 type Lancaster and four inbred lines from Zambia – L 7, N 3, L 9-2 and L
12 - 7). Along with the testing of the offspring from the aforementioned combinations,
which were tested in 1995 and 1996 in Alma Ata, we also obtained 6 inbred lines from
Uz.b. by selfing, crossed them with Mo 17 and tested in parallel trials during 2003.
The Uz.b. variety (of subtropical origin) demonstrated average grain yield of 8,045kg/ha
for 2 years of examinations. This is 45.9% less thn the yield performance of the B 73 x
Mo 17 hybrid. Yields of the hybrid combinations Uz. B. x P 3/72-22, Uz.b. x FR 809,
Uz.b. x B 73 and Uz.b. x Mo 17 is on the level of the B 73 x Mo 17 hybrid (yield differences
are not statistically significant). The heterosis ratio (calculated in relation to the
common parent – Uz.b.) is high and amounts to: Uz.b. x P 3/72-22 – 151.2%, Uz.b. x FR
809 – 148.2%, Uz.b. x B 73 – 146.5% and Uz.b. x Mo 17 – 146.4%. The Uz.b. x L 17/17
hybrid combination had a 10.7% lower yield than the B 73 x Mo 17 combination, despite
the fact that the hetersosis ration amounted to 139.2%.