Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
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174 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE IV-Pos-57<br />
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.<br />
SELEKCIONO-GENETIÈKA KARAKTERISTIKA SORTE KUKURUZA<br />
UZBEKSKA BELA<br />
L. Kojiæ 1 , Ajgozina Dillyara Serikbaevna 2<br />
1<br />
Institut za kukuruz «Zemun Polje», Beograd<br />
2<br />
OAO «PRODRESURS», Alma-Ata, Kazahstan<br />
Pri otpoèinjanju novih programa selekcije kukuruza (Stvaranje hibrida kukuruza visokog<br />
genetièkog potencijala rodnosti i kvaliteta zrna, Kazahstan, 1993) izuèavanje poèetnog<br />
materijala je od presudne vanosti za uspešnu realizaciju samog programa.<br />
Tako smo za ispitivanja izabrali sortu Uzbekska bela (Uz.b.) i ukrstili je sa devet inbred<br />
linija. Tri inbred linije potièu iz Amerike (FR 809 i B 73 tipa BSSS, i Mo 17 tipa Lancaster,<br />
2 iz Jugoslavije – P 3/72-22 dobijene iz ukrštanja domaæih populacija Konjski zub x<br />
Domaæi tvrdunac, L 17/17 dobijena iz sintetièke populacije Syn 6/9 (L) C0 tipa Lancaster<br />
i èetiri inbred linije iz Zambije – L 7, N 3, L 9-2 i L 12-7). Uporedo sa ispitivanjem<br />
dobijenih kombinacija, koje smo ispitivali 1995 i 1996 godine u Alma-Ati, procesom<br />
samooplodnje dobili smo iz Uz.b. 6 inbred linija, ukrstili sa Mo 17 i ispitivali u<br />
uporednim ogledima tokom 2003. godine.<br />
Sorta Uz.b. (subtropskog porekla) pokazala je proseènu rodnost zrna za 2 godine<br />
ispitivanja od 8.045 kg/ha. To je manje za 45,9% od rodnosti hibrida B73 x Mo 17.<br />
Rodnost hibridnih kombinacija Uz.b. x P 3/72-22, Uz.b. x FR 809, Uz.b. x B 73 i Uz.b. x<br />
Mo 17 je na nivou hibrida B 73 x Mo 17 (razlike u prinosu nisu statistièki znaèajne).<br />
Procenat heterozisa (izraèunat je u odnosu na zajednièkog roditelja – Uz.b.) je visok i<br />
iznosi: Uz.b. x P 3/72-22 – 151,2%, Uz.b. x FR 809 – 148,2%, Uz.b. x B 73 – 146,5% i<br />
Uz.b. x Mo 17 – 146,4%. Hibridna kombinacija Uz.b. x L 17/17 dala je manji prinos zrna<br />
od B 73 x Mo 17 za 10,7% iako je procenat heterozisa iznosio 139,2%.<br />
BREEDING-GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE UZBEKSKA BELA<br />
(UZBEKH WHITE) MAIZE VARIETY<br />
When launching new maize breeding programs (Development of maize hybrids of high<br />
genetic potential for yield and grain quality, Kazakhstan, 1993) the study of initial material<br />
is of crucial importance for the successful realization of the programme.<br />
Hence, we selected for the experiment the Uzbekska Bela (Uz.b.) variety and crossed it<br />
with nine inbred maize lines. Three inbred lines have their descent from the US (FR 809<br />
and B 73 type BSS, and Mo 17 type Lancaster, 2 from Yugoslavia – P 3/72-22 that was<br />
obtained from a cross between the domestic populations Konjski zub (Horse tooth) x<br />
Domaæi tvrdunac (Domestic flint), L 17/17 that was obtained from synthetic population<br />
Syn 6/9 (L) C0 type Lancaster and four inbred lines from Zambia – L 7, N 3, L 9-2 and L<br />
12 - 7). Along with the testing of the offspring from the aforementioned combinations,<br />
which were tested in 1995 and 1996 in Alma Ata, we also obtained 6 inbred lines from<br />
Uz.b. by selfing, crossed them with Mo 17 and tested in parallel trials during 2003.<br />
The Uz.b. variety (of subtropical origin) demonstrated average grain yield of 8,045kg/ha<br />
for 2 years of examinations. This is 45.9% less thn the yield performance of the B 73 x<br />
Mo 17 hybrid. Yields of the hybrid combinations Uz. B. x P 3/72-22, Uz.b. x FR 809,<br />
Uz.b. x B 73 and Uz.b. x Mo 17 is on the level of the B 73 x Mo 17 hybrid (yield differences<br />
are not statistically significant). The heterosis ratio (calculated in relation to the<br />
common parent – Uz.b.) is high and amounts to: Uz.b. x P 3/72-22 – 151.2%, Uz.b. x FR<br />
809 – 148.2%, Uz.b. x B 73 – 146.5% and Uz.b. x Mo 17 – 146.4%. The Uz.b. x L 17/17<br />
hybrid combination had a 10.7% lower yield than the B 73 x Mo 17 combination, despite<br />
the fact that the hetersosis ration amounted to 139.2%.