Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

154 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE IV-Pos-37
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.
VARIJABILITET SADNICA Ginkgo biloba L. PROIZVEDENIH
IZ SEMENA KINESKE PROVENIJENCIJE U RASADNIKU TAMARIS
COMPANY U BANJA LUCI
M. Tošiæ 1 i Dragica Vilotiæ 2
1
Dimitrija Tucoviæa 41, Uice
2
Šumarski fakultet u Beogradu
Ginkgo biloba, najstarija i najotpornija drvenasta vrsta na planeti, endemit istoènog dela
Kine, ali od èoveka unet u mnoge zemlje sveta u kojima, kao «ivi fosil» sa izvanrednim
estetskim i znaèajnim lekovitim svojstvima, veoma dobro uspeva. Na Balkan je
verovatno donet iz parkova evropskih zemalja, gde se nalazi još od davne 1730. godine
(Vilotiæ D. 2004). U radu se daju preliminarni podaci o varijabilitetu 5000 kom. sadnica
u rasadniku TAMARIS COMPANY u Banja Luci, proizvedenih iz semena uvezenog iz
Kine. Utvrðena je znatna fenotipska raznovrsnost analiziranih svojstava (rasta i boje
dugorasta, oblika i boje listova u toku leta i dr.) koja je, svakako, samo deo genetièkog
varijabiliteta. Prisustvo individua sa estetskim osobinama nekih veæ poznatih ukrasnih
kultivara ginka, objašnjava se èinjenicom da strane vrste u uslovima kultivisanja, zbog
izmenjenih uslova nove sredine, mogu obrazovati u kratkom periodu niz novih mutanata
(Tucoviæ A. & Ocokoljiæ M. 2002) saglasno zakonu M. I. Vavilova, o paralelnim
serijama nasledne promenljivosti. Utvrðeni varijabilitet je osnova za sintezu atraktivnih
kultivara ginka za potrebe pejzane arhitekture i proizvodnju sve potrebnijih lekovitih
supstanci, a ostvariæe se primenom selekcije, generativnog i vegetativnog razmno-
avanja.
VARIABILITY OF Ginkgo biloba L. SEEDLINGS PRODUCED FROM
THE SEEDS OF CHINESE PROVENANCE IN THE NURSERY TAMARIS
COMPANY IN BANJA LUKA
Ginkgo biloba, the oldest and the most resistant woody species on the planet, endemic of
east China, but anthropogenically introduced to many parts of the world where, as a «living
fossil» with extraordinary esthetical and significant medicinal properties, succeeds
very well. It has probably been brought to the Balkans from the parks of the European
countries, where it occurs since 1730 (Vilotiæ D., 2004). This paper presents the preliminary
data on the variability of 5,000 seedlings in the nursery TAMARIS COMPANY,
Banja Luka, produced from the seeds imported from China. The assessed considerable
phenotypical diversity of the study properties (long shoot growth and colour, leaf shape
and colour during summer, etc.) is by all means only a part of its genetic variability. The
presence of the individuals with aesthetic properties of some known ginkgo ornamental
cultivars is explained by the fact that exotic species in the conditions of cultivation, due
to the changed conditions of the new environment, can form a series of new mutants in a
short period (Tucoviæ A. & Ocokoljiæ M., 2002) consistent with the law by M. I. Vavilov,
on the parallel series of inherited variability. The assessed variability is the base of the
synthesis of attractive ginkgo cultivars for landscape architecture and of the production
of increasingly demanded medical substances and it is going to be realised by selection
and by generative and vegetative reproduction.