Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

150 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE IV-Pos-33
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.
VARIJABILNOST I HERITABILNOST NEKIH OSOBINA GENOTIPOVA
ENGLESKOG LJULJA (Lolium perenne L.)
D. Sokoloviæ, Z. Lugiæ i J. Radoviæ
Institut «SRBIJA», Centar za krmno bilje, Kruševac
U ovom radu su predstavljena istraivanja pokazatelja varijabilnosti genotipova
engleskog ljulja (komponenti varijansi i koeficijenata varijacije) i heritabilnosti za neke
agronomski vrlo bitne osobine. Takoðe su predstavljene meðuzavisnosti najbitnijih
osobina odabranih genotipova.
Genotipovi engleskog ljulja koji potièu od divljih populacija su prouèavani u ogledu sa
pojedinaènim biljkama i praæene su sledeæe osobine: vreme klasanja (izraeno brojem
dana od 1. aprila), visina biljaka, širina bokora, broj izdanaka, prinos suve materije i
sadraj sirovih proteina. Najveæa razlika izmeðu genetièkih i fenotipskih komponenti
varijanse, odnosno najmanja heritabilnost u širem smislu je utvrðena za osobine visina
biljaka (16,4%) i prinos suve materije (25,4%). Najveæu heritabilnost su pokazali
genotipovi za vreme klasanja (83,26%) i širinu bokora (79,87%) tako da se
oplemenjivanjem ovih osobina oèekuju vrlo brzi rezultati. Takoðe vrlo visoko
nasleðivanje imaju osobine broj izdanaka i sadraj sirovih proteina. Uporeðenjem
relativnih pokazatelja varijabilnosti utvrðeno je da se genotipovi najviše razlikuju po
broju izdanaka i prinosu i da je kod broja izdanaka od ukupno 15% variranja èak za 80 %
odgovoran genotip biljaka. Kod vremena klasanja èak 91% varijabilnosti potièe od
genotipa, ali je ukupna varijabilnost relativno mala (3,44%). Najveæi koeficijenti
korelacije utvrðeni su izmeðu širine bokora i visine biljke (0,86), odnosno visine biljke i
sadraja sirovih proteina (-0,87).
VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF SOME TRAITS OF PERENNIAL
RYEGRASS (Lolium perenne L.) GENOTYPES
Investigations of variability parameters (variance components and coefficients of variation)
and heritability of perennial ryegrass genotypes for agronomic most important traits
are shown in this article. Interdependence of those traits is estimated, too.
Perennial ryegrass genotypes originated from wild populations were investigated in
space-plant design. Time of tillering, plant height, sward diameter, number of tillers per
plant, dry matter yield and crude protein content were investigated. The highest differences
between genetic and phenotypic variance components were determined for plant
height and dry matter yield. Lowest heritability in broad sense is estimated for those traits
(16,4% and 25,4%), respectively. Highest heritability is determined for time of tillering
(83,26%) and sward diameter (79,87%). According those data, breeding of genotypes for
improvement of those traits could provide effective results in short period. Also high
heritability is detected for number of tillers per plant and crude protein content. It was determined
in comparison of variability parameters that main difference between genotypes
came from number of tillers per plant and dry matter yield. For number of tillers, genotype
of plants is responsible for 80% of variations, from 15% of total variation. Also,
91% of variability for time of tillering originated from genotype, although total variability
is relative low (3,44%). Highest coefficients of correlation were estimated between
sward diameter and plant height (0,86), and between plant height and crude protein content
(-0,87), respectively.