Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

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142 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE IV-Pos-25 Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004. GRUPE VEZANIH GENA I AGRONOMSKA SVOJSTVA STOÈNOG GRAŠKA (Pisum sativum L.) V. Mihailoviæ 1 , A. Mikiæ 1 , Marija Kraljeviæ-Balaliæ 2 , S. Vasiljeviæ 1 i D. Miliæ 1 1 Nauèni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Zavod za krmno bilje, Novi Sad 2 Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad Iako je grašak (Pisum sativum L.) jedna od najèešæe i najdue genetski i citogenetski prouèavanih biljnih vrsta, tek je relativno nedavno došlo do nastanka celovite slike graškovog genoma, kako u smislu kariotipa, tako i u pogledu organizacije grupa vezanosti, odnosno grupa vezanih gena (linkage groups). Grašak ima nevelik broj hromozoma (n=7), od kojih su pet akrocentrici (3, 4, 5, 6i7)idvasubmetacentrici (1 i 2), ali, usled velièine biljaka i sloenosti genoma, nije mnogo omiljen u genetickoj analizi. Sa druge strane, bogat genom graška, od oko 4·10 9 bp i uz prosecni CG sadraj od 37,4 %, zajedno sa visokim stepenom samooplodnje i izraenom i lako uoèljivom morfološkom varijabilnošæu, moe da prui izuzetnu osnovu za temeljno i uspešno prouèavanje graðe genoma. Od sedam grupa vezanih gena graška, prva se vezuje za drugi, druga za šesti, treæa za peti, èetvrta za èetvrti, peta za treæi, šesta za prvi i sedma za sedmi hromozom. Ogroman doprinos razviæu genetskih mapa graška dalo je korišæenje genetskih markera, u prvom redu onih koji su zasnovani na tehnikama AFLP, RAPD, retrotranspozona ili EST. Zahvaljujuæi tome, došlo je do objedinjavanja razlièitih mapa u jedinstvenu, usaglašenu mapu vezanosti za grašak. Poslednjih godina, veliki podsticaj fundamentalnim istraivanjima daju saznanja o genomima novijih model biljaka, Medicago truncatula i Lotus japonicus, uz odreðivanje stepena sintenije izmeðu njih i ostalih mahunarki, u prvom redu graška, soèiva i nauta. Istovremeno, primena molekularnih markera postaje neprocenjiva u pronalaenju lokusa za kvantitativna svojstva (QTL), što je od izvanrednog znaèaja za efikasno oplemenjivanje. LINKAGE GROUPS AND AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FODDER PEA (Pisum sativum L.) Although pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most frequently and most extensively studied plant species, it is only relatively recently that a coherent picture of pea genome has emerged, both in terms of karyotype and the organisation of the linkage groups. Pea has only seven chromosomes, five acrocentrics (3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) and two submetacentrics (1 and 2), but is not very popular in genetic analysis, due to plant size and complex genome. However, the richness of pea genome, with about 4·10 9 bp and the average CG content of 37.4 %, together with high level of self-pollination and noticeable morphological variability, provides an excellent basis for universal study of genome architecture. Pea has seven linkage groups, the first being linked with the second chromosome, the second with the sixth, the third with the fifth, the fourth with the fourth, the fifth with the third, the sixth with the first and the seventh group linked with the seventh chromosome. Genetic markers, especially by those AFLP, RAPD, transposone or EST based, gave an immense contribution to genetic maps development and their integration into a consensus linkage map for pea. During last few years, the fundamental research in pea was given a great stimulus by knowledge on genomes of novel model plants, Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus, along with the determination of level of synteny among these two and other legumes, especially pea, lentil and chickpea. At the same time, the exploitation of genetic markers becomes irreplaceable in finding out QTL, gaining an extraordinary importance in efficient breeding.
IV-Pos-26 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE 143 Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004. UTICAJ DIAZOTROFA NA NEKE FIZIOLOŠKE PARAMETRE PŠENICE Danica Micanoviæ, Veselinka Zeèeviæ, D. Kneeviæ, M. Pavloviæ i D. Uroševiæ Institut za istraivanja u poljoprivredi «SRBIJA», Centar za strna ita, Kragujevac Istraivanja su izvedena u laboratorijskim uslovima sa tri divergentna genotipa pšenice (DK-1, DK-2, DK-3). Seme je površinski sterilisano, a zatim naklijavano šest dana. Biljke su inokulisana sa suspenzijom od 0,5 ml sojeva diazotrofa (Kg-10, Kg-11 Kg-67, Kg-73, Kg-74, Kg-75 i Az-zp) u koncentraciji 10 8 æelija po biljci. Kao kontrola su sluile neinokulisane biljke. Biljke su gajene u in vitro uslovima 42 dana, u bezazotnom rastvoru Reid Yorka za pšenicu. Izolati su determinisani molekularno genetièkom metodom PCR kao nif bakterije. Uticaj inokulacije je praæen preko sadraja suve materije korena i nadzemnog dela biljke, visine biljke, duine korena kao i sadraja azota u korenu i nadzemnom delu biljke. Dobijene su statistièki visoko znaèajne razlike u masi suve materije i sadraju azota, kako u nadzemnom delu tako i u korenu, kod svih genotipova, dok razlike kod ostalih ispitivanih parametara nisu bile statistièki opravdane. Najveæa masa suve materije u nadzemnom delu i korenu biljaka dobijena je kod sorte DK-1 (18.59 mg/biljkci; 10.14 mg/biljci). Najveæi sadraj azota u nadzemnom delu biljke dobijen je takoðe kod genotipa DK-1 (0.455 mg/biljci), a u korenu kod genotipa DK-3 (0.170 mg biljka -1 ). Najveæi uticaj na veæinu ispitivanih parametara imali su sojevi Kg-74 i Kg-75, proseèno za sve genotipove. INFLUENCE OF DIAZOTROPHS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN WHEAT The experiment was done in semi control conditions with three different wheat genotypes (DK-1, DK-2, DK-3). Grain surface of each cultivars were sterilized and after that were germinate during six days. Inoculation has been made with seven different strains (Kg-10, Kg-11 Kg-67, Kg-73, Kg-74, Kg-75 and Az-zp) with 0,5 ml 10 8 cell per seed. Control plants were grown in tubes without inoculation. Plants were grown in vitro in nitrogen free solutions, during 42 days. Pure isolates determined by PCR as nif bacteria. Influence of inoculation was analyzed on the base of value of assessed traits (dry matter content of above ground part of plant and root, height of plants, length of root, nitrogen concentration and nitrogen content of above ground part of plant and root). Variability was found in majority investigation parameters. Influence on inoculation with diazotrophs indicated very significant differences of dry matter content of above ground part of plant and root and nitrogen content in above part of plant and root, but differences in height of plants and length of root were not significant. The highest content of dry matter of above ground part of plant and root were found in cultivar DK-1 (18.59 mg plant -1 ; 10.14 mg plant-1 ). The highest nitrogen content of above ground part of plant else were found in cultivar DK-1 (0.455 mg plant -1 ) but in root in cultivar DK-3 (0.170 mg plant -1 ). The highest increasing in most investigation parameters was influenced by strains Kg-74 and Kg-75 in average for all cultivars.
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DRUŠTVO GENETIČARA SRBIJE SERBIAN
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Uvodno predavanje Opening lecture
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ZAVRŠNO PREDAVANJE CLOSING LECTURE
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A Aksentijeviæ I. 194 Aleksiæ J.
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Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

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