Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije
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14 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE I-Usm-3<br />
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.<br />
GENETIÈKA VARIJABILNOST I RAZVOJNA STABILNOST<br />
M. Stamenkoviæ-Radak 1 , G. Rašiæ 1 , I. Tomišiæ-Kosiæ 2 i M. Anðelkoviæ 1,2<br />
1<br />
Biološki fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd<br />
2<br />
Institut za biološka istraivanja «S. Stankoviæ», Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd<br />
U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati dobijeni u eksperimentima sa vrstama i populacijama<br />
Drosophila, dizajniranim tako da otkrivaju relativni znaèaj tri tipa genomskog stresa i<br />
njihove moguæe veze sa razvojnom nestabilnošæu:<br />
- Efekat inbridinga na varijabilnost u FA kod nekoliko morfometrijskih karaktera kod<br />
Drosophila subobscura<br />
- Efekat inbridinga i homozigotnosti za odreðene genske arammane na O hromozomu<br />
kod D.subobscura<br />
- Efekat interspecijske i interpopulacione hibridizacije meðu sestrinskim vrstama<br />
Drosophila na fenotipsku varijabilnost i razvojnu stabilnost hibrida.<br />
Genetièke koadaptacije i heterozigotnost se smatraju mehanizmima koji utièu na<br />
razvojnu homeostasis. Opseg genetièke varijabilnosti pogoðene stresom je i dalje slabo<br />
poznat, a varijabilnost hromozomskih inverzija Drosophila i interspecijske hibridizacije<br />
u odnosu na FA su slabo prouèeni. Mada se eksperimentalni uslovi stresa razlikuju od<br />
onih koje poulacije sreæu u prirodnim staništima, ovde dobijeni rezultati delimièno<br />
osvetljavaju mehanizme putem kojih organizmi i populacije odolevaju i/ili se<br />
prilagoðavaju stresnim uslovima. Uvoðenje manipulisanih genoma u populacije je<br />
dodatna vrsta genomskog stresa koja moe imati uticaja na genetièku strukturu<br />
populacija i uticati na biodiverzitet. U tom smislu, fokus konzervacione biologije se<br />
pomera ka populaciono genetièkim aspektima stresa.<br />
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND DEVELOPMENTAL STABILITY<br />
In the present study we give the results obtained using Drosophila species and populations<br />
in the experiments designed to reveal the importance of three kinds of genomic<br />
stress and their possible relation to developmental stability:<br />
- The effect of inbreeding on the variability in FA in several morphometric characters in<br />
Drosophila subobscura<br />
- The effect of inbreeding and homozygosity for certain gene arrangements on O chromosome<br />
of D.subobscura on FA in wing size parameters.<br />
- The effect of interspecific and intepopulation hybridization among sibling Drosophila<br />
species on the phenotypic variability and developmental stability of hybrids.<br />
Genetic coadaptation and heterozygosity are assumed to be the mechanisms that affect<br />
developmental homeostasis. The range of genetic variability affected by stress is still unknown<br />
and chromosome inversion variability in Drosophila and interspecific hybridization<br />
are rather unexplored in relation to FA. Although experimental conditions of stress<br />
differ from the ones that populations meet in natural habitats, the results obtained shed<br />
light on the mechanisms by which organisms and populations resist and/or adapt to<br />
stressful conditions. Introduction of manipulated genomes into populations is an additional<br />
kind of genomic stress which can affect the genetic structure of populations and influence<br />
biodiversity. Along these lines, the focus of conservation biology is moving toward<br />
a population-genetic aspect of stress.