Zbornik - Društvo genetičara Srbije

108 ZBORNIK ABSTRAKATA III KONGRESA GENETIÈARA SRBIJE IV-Usm-19
Subotica, 30. novembar - 4. decembar 2004.
GENETIÈKI PARAMETRI PRINOSA I MORFOLOŠKIH
OSOBINA PLODA I KOŠTICE KAJSIJE
Evica Mratiniæ, Vera Rakonjac i D. Milatoviæ
Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd
Tokom èetiri godine, kod 24 sorte kajsije, utvrðeni su prinos, masa i dimenzije (visina,
širina i debljina) ploda i koštice. Ogled je postavljen na OD «Radmilovac» Poljoprivrednog
fakulteta po potpuno sluèajnom planu u tri ponavljanja. Rezultati analize varijanse su
pokazali da je varijabilnost svih prouèavanih osobina bila veoma znaèajno uslovljena i
genetièkim i ekološkim faktorima, kao i njihovom interakcijom. Analizom komponenti
ukupne varijabilnosti ustanovljeno je da su genetièke razlike meðu sortama kajsije u
najveæem procentu uslovile varijabilnost mase koštice (S 2 g=47%), visine ploda (S 2 g=45%),
visine koštice (S 2 g=55%), širine koštice (S2 g=62%) i debljine koštice (S2 g=4%), dok je variranje
prinosa (S 2 y=70%), mase ploda (S2 y=44%), širine ploda (S2 y=43%) i debljine ploda
(S 2 y=49%) bilo u najveæem procentu uslovljeno ekološkim faktorima. Vrednosti
koeficijenata heritabilnosti u širem smislu bile su relativno visoke za masu i dimenzije
ploda i koštice (h 2 =88,5-93,0%), a srednja za prinos (h 2 =48,3%). Korelacionom analizom
ustanovljeno je da su svi koeficijenti genetièke i fenotipske korelacije, izmeðu mase i
dimenzija ploda i koštice, bili pozitivni i statistièki veoma znaèajni. Prinos je bio u veoma
znaèajnoj, pozitivnoj, genetièkoj korelaciji sa veæinom prouèavanih osobina, osim sa
širinom ploda. Kao posledica uticaja faktora spoljašnje sredine, genetièka korelacija
prinosa sa veæinom osobina ploda i koštice nije se ispoljila na fenotipu, jer fenotipski
koeficijenti korelacije izmeðu ovih osobina nisu bili statistièki znaèajni.
GENETIC PARAMETERS OF YIELD AND MORPHOLOGICAL FRUIT
AND STONE PROPERTIES IN APRICOT
During four years, in 24 apricot cultivars, yield, fruit and stone weight and dimensions
(height, breadth and thickness) were studied. The experiment was established in Experimental
estate of Faculty of Agriculture «Radmilovac» as completely random plan in
three repetitions. The results of analysis of variance showed that the variability of all
studied properties very significantly was determined by both genetic and ecological factors,
as well as their interaction. By the results of analysis of the components of total variance
it was found out that genetic differences between cultivars in the highest percentage
determined variability of stone weight (S 2 g=47%), fruit height (S 2 g=45%), stone height
(S 2 g=55%), stone breadth (S2 g=62%) and stone thickness (S2 g=54%), whereas the variation
of yield (S 2 y=70%), fruit weight (S2 y=44%), fruit breadth (S2 y=43%) and fruit thickness
(S 2 y=48%) was determined by ecological factors. The values of coefficients of
heritability in a broader sense were found to be relatively high for the fruit and stone
weight and dimensions (h 2 =88.5-93.0%), and medium for the yield (h2 =48.3%). By the
means of correlation analysis it was established that all genetic and phenotypic coefficients
of correlation between fruit and stone weight as well as fruit and stone dimensions
were positive and statistically very significant. The yield was in very significant, positive
correlation with the majority of studied properties except of fruit breadth. Under the influence
of environmental factors, genetic correlation between yield and the majority of
fruit and stone properties did not appear on phenotype, because phenotypic coefficients
of correlation between that properties were not statistically significant.