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Programma tijd onderwerp 10.00 Opening door de dagvoorzitter Prof.dr.ir. J. Brezet, TUD 10.05 Presentatie NOP drs. M. Kok, NOP-MLK 10.15 Overzicht MATTER studie ir. T. Kram, ECN 10.30 Waarom materialenbeleid ? drs.ir. D.J. Gielen, ECN 11.00 Verpakkingen drs. M. Hekkert, NW&S 11.45 Transportmiddelen drs. M. Bouwman, IVEM 12.30 Lunch 13.30 Gebouwen en infrastructuur drs.ir. D. Gielen, ECN 14.30 Metalen drs. B. Daniëls, IVEM 15.30 Pauze 16.00 Discussie beleidsrelevantie 17.00 Borrel
The Impact of GHG Emission Reduction on the Western European Materials System D.J. Gielen ECN-Policy Studies, PO Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands tel. +31-224-564460 E-mail: Gielen@ecn.nl Preliminary analysis for the MATTER workshop Factor 2/Factor 10, Utrecht, 2 April 1998 Abstract This paper discusses preliminary results for the analysis of Western European GHG emission reduction in the materials system, based on MARKAL model calculations. The results show that the materials system contributes up to 50% to the total emission reduction at moderate emission reduction goals. Major changes due to GHG emission penalties occur in the materials production and in waste handling, while materials use is only significantly affected at penalty levels abov 100 ECU/t CO2. Introduction Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction is a key issue for environmental policies in the first half of the 21st century. The countries of the European Union, the United States and Japan agreed at the UNFCCC conference in Kyoto in December 1997 to reduce their emissions by 8, 7, and 6% in the period 2008-2012, respectively, compared to their emissions for a reference year 1990 or 1995. Further emission reductions can be expected beyond this period. The Kyoto agreement covers six categories of greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6). These emissions are aggregated on the basis of their global warming potential (GWP) for a time horizon of 100 years. A significant part of the GHG emissions can be attributed to the life cycle of materials. As a consequence, the production and the use of materials will be affected by GHG emission reduction policies. However, GHG emission reduction from a materials life cycle perspective has received little attention yet, and the impacts on the materials life cycle are still unclear. This paper discusses strategies to reduce emissions that are related to the life cycle of materials, and compares these strategies to other emission reduction strategies (see Figure 1). Special attention is paid to the interaction of emission reduction strategies. “Materials” includes all substances that are not produced for energy purposes. Food products are excluded from the category materials. MINING/ CONVERSION ENERGY SYSTEM ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY PRODUCTION MATERIALS SYSTEM MATERIALS INDUSTRY MATERIALS PRODUCTION CONSUMER USE WASTE MANAGEMENT ENERGY RECOVERY Figure 1 Definition of the energy system and the materials system
Page 1: Workshop Factor 2/Factor 10 Proceed
Page 5 and 6: N2O INDUSTRY OTHER GHG CH4 LANDFILL
Page 7 and 8: history of use. The figure indicate
Page 9 and 10: Emission mitigation options The fol
Page 11 and 12: The contribution of the materials s
Page 13 and 14: [MT AL/YEAR] 25 20 15 10 5 0 BC 50
Page 15 and 16: What are the dynamics of the materi
Page 17 and 18: Material efficiency improvement for
Page 19 and 20: Table 1.1 First order estimate of e
Page 21 and 22: PET bottles normally are made out o
Page 23 and 24: To model the category boxes we will
Page 25 and 26: 2.8 Pallets The last packaging cate
Page 27 and 28: they are not a result of the MARKAL
Page 29 and 30: Table 4.1 (continued) The use of pa
Page 31 and 32: or keep it fresh and their second c
Page 33 and 34: [33] Packaging Week 1992-1997, many
Page 35 and 36: GER values Direct energy use (MJ/vk
Page 37 and 38: ogy for igniting the engine, valve
Page 39 and 40: Table 1 gives an overview of improv
Page 41 and 42: Implementing growth of mobility dem
Page 43 and 44: Realising the 80% reduction potenti
Page 45 and 46: CO2 Emissions of Metal Production T
Page 47 and 48: tion routes that are important for
Page 49 and 50: From figures 4 and 5, CO2 removal e
Page 51 and 52: Table 3 Emissions per tonne liquid
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Table 6 CO2 emissions per tonne liq
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DCEAF Direct Current Electric Arc F
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Verslag van de workshop commentaren
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Transportmiddelen Referent dhr. Smo
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Gebouwen en Infrastructuur Referent
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Referent dhr. Gouwens, TNO-Bouw 1 R
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Metalen Referent dhr.de Jong, Hoogo
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Algemene vragen en forumdiscussie D
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3 Wat voor problemen zouden we als
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ir. R. van Duin (Bureau B&G) drs.ir
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