10089_001.pdf - Load set calculation - ECN

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Load set calculation DOWEC 6MW H. Efdé Table 11: 1 Hz equivalent signals. Variable unit 1Hz equivalent values matl curve loadcase 012 loadcase 018 loadcase 024 Fxn kN M5 225.83 223.39 260.89 Fyn kN M5 97.53 132.44 189.97 Fzn kN M5 70.93 98.11 151.90 Mxn kNm M5 996.69 1447.73 2057.89 Mxn-r kNm M5 1000.47 1455.05 2068.66 Myn kNm M5 4033.16 4804.88 6259.18 Myn-r kNm M5 4536.22 5165.74 7007.78 Mzn kNm M5 4043.47 4834.25 6055.53 Mzn-r kNm M5 4440.72 5251.48 6767.94 Mxb[1] kNm M10 6889.11 7290.93 8241.70 Mxb[1]-p[01] kNm M10 5862.38 5930.37 6529.26 Mxb[1]-p[02] kNm M10 1250.12 1334.03 1607.36 Mxb[2] kNm M10 6847.18 7272.08 8290.28 Mxb[2]-p[01] kNm M10 5813.91 5917.89 6772.97 Mxb[2]-p[02] kNm M10 1241.85 1331.19 1698.10 Mxb[3] kNm M10 6889.11 7309.88 8110.97 Mxb[3]-p[01] kNm M10 5789.97 5838.04 6410.21 Mxb[3]-p[02] kNm M10 1244.32 1313.16 1618.92 Myb[1] kNm M10 6598.19 6991.87 7700.14 Myb[1]-p[01] kNm M10 7053.24 7575.70 8339.45 Myb[1]-p[02] kNm M10 2086.02 2107.90 2418.81 Myb[2] kNm M10 6373.89 6267.36 7828.75 Myb[2]-p[01] kNm M10 6855.52 7142.80 8464.95 Myb[2]-p[02] kNm M10 2012.14 1926.68 2442.97 Myb[3] kNm M10 6330.85 6692.39 8278.08 Myb[3]-p[01] kNm M10 6983.19 7455.21 8935.60 Myb[3]-p[02] kNm M10 1974.70 2020.82 2593.93 Mzb[1] kNm M10 127.88 112.81 119.37 Mzb[1]-p[01] kNm M10 127.65 112.35 119.31 Mzb[1]-p[02] kNm M10 65.13 63.08 75.22 Mzb[2] kNm M10 123.86 107.82 134.46 Mzb[2]-p[01] kNm M10 123.79 107.79 134.42 Mzb[2]-p[02] kNm M10 64.47 62.35 80.20 Mzb[3] kNm M10 130.19 116.58 135.20 Mzb[3]-p[01] kNm M10 130.16 116.54 135.16 Mzb[3]-p[02] kNm M10 64.83 61.92 76.16 Mxt[01] kNm M5 8081.77 19713.50 34205.57 Mxt[02] kNm M5 1122.98 1534.06 2184.33 Myt[02] kNm M5 4017.79 4894.07 6424.40 Myt[01] kNm M5 28633.63 30868.45 39798.94 Mzt[01] kNm M5 4453.22 5459.90 6931.03 Mzt[02] kNm M5 4453.22 5459.90 6931.03 R45.04/01.03/03 Stentec, 3-1-03 page 14
Load set calculation DOWEC 6MW H. Efdé 5 Design variations. By altering Phatas IV input files and/or executables by ECN and Stentec, design variations are created. These are compared with the baseline DOWEC turbine. Not the whole load set is used, but just the load cases that have caused the highest loads. The following load cases are chosen to calculate the design variations: 012, 018, 024, 1B-5Vo, E50025, E50335, EcdVrb, Eog50-12, GrEog1Voc. 5.1 Cost of energy. To clarify the results, the cost of energy per design is calculated according ref. [9], chapter 5. The cost of a wind turbine can be broken down in cost per component. Important design (and cost) drivers of a component are the extreme and fatigue loads it has to withstand. A further break down is achieved by weighing the several loads. By comparing load changes with the baseline configuration an estimation can be made about the change in cost of the wind turbine. Table 12: Influence of parameters on wind turbine cost. cost of component contribution wind cost to wind turbine contribution turbine cost component (%) design driver load parameter (%) (%) blade 6 extreme flat moment Myb[1]-p[01] 25 1.5 fatigue edge moment 1Hz-Mxb[2]-p[01] 25 1.5 gearbox 5 average torque Mxn mean 75 3.75 tower 16 extreme tilt moment foot Myt[01] 30 4.8 fatigue tilt moment top 1Hz-Myt[02] 20 3.2 If the change in annual yield is known as well, the cost of energy can be calculated by dividing the wind turbine cost by the yield: Influence of design variation on cost of energy = (change in wind turbine cost) (change in annual yield) It must be noted that these variations are one dimensional and therefore very crude. For example a tip speed variation would be more effective with a blade design adapted to that speed. But in this case the only change is the tip speed. The results should not be judged for their values, but used as a guideline to further develop the 6MW DOWEC. 5.2 Structural pitch. By changing the position and rotation of the girders in the blades, the stiffness properties are changed. The changed behaviour of the blades should result in smaller tip deflection and a decrease of fatigue and extreme loads. 4 redesigns (ref [10]) are calculated : • tr+5-5, girders 0.5 o rotated, at tip girder suction side 0.5m to aft and girder pressure side 0.5 m forward. • tt+5, girders 0.5 o rotated, at tip girder suction side and girder pressure side 0.5 m aft. R45.04/01.03/03 Stentec, 3-1-03 page 15
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