Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

22.08.2013 Views
Keil and Delitzsch ong>Commentaryong> on the Old Testament great perplexity, until C. v. Raumer succeeded in removing the difficulty, by showing that the district of the sixty towns of Jair, which was upon the eastern side of the Jordan, is called Judah here, or reckoned as belonging to Judah, because Jair, the possessor of these towns, was a descendant of Judah on the father's side through Hezron (1 Chron 2:5,21-22); whereas in Josh 13:30, and Num 32:41, he is reckoned contra morem , i.e., against the rule laid down in Num 36:7, as a descendant of Manasseh, on account of his descent from Machir the Manassite, on his mother's side. (Note: See C. v. Raumer's article on "Judaea on the east of Jordan," in Tholuck's litt. Anz. 1834, Nos. 1 and 2, and his Palästina, pp. 233ff. ed. 4; and for the arbitrary attempts that had been made to explain the passage by alterations of the text and in other ways, see Rosenmüller's Bibl. Alterthk. ii. 1, pp. 301-2; and Keil's Comm. on Joshua, pp. 438-9.) Verse 35. The fortified towns of Naphtali were the following. Ziddim: unknown, though Knobel suggests that "it may possibly be preserved in Chirbet es Saudeh , to the west of the southern extremity of the Lake of Tiberias ( Rob. iii. App.);" but this place is to the west of the Wady Bessum, i.e., in the territory of Issachar. Zer is also unknown. As the LXX and Syriac give the name as Zor, Knobel connects it with Kerak , which signifies fortress as well as Zor (= maatsowr (OT:4692)), a heap of ruins at the southern end of the lake ( Rob. iii. p. 263), the place which Josephus calls Taricheae (see Reland , p. 1026) - a very doubtful combination! Hammath (i.e., thermae ), a Levitical town called Hammaoth-dor in Josh 21:32, and Hammon in 1 Chron 6:61, was situated, according to statements in the Talmud, somewhere near the later city of Tiberias, on the western shore of the Lake of Gennesareth, and was no doubt identical with the koo'mee Ammaou's in the neighbourhood of Tiberias, a place with warm baths ( Jos. Ant. xviii. 2, 3; Bell. Judg. iv. 1, 3). There are warm springs still to be found half an hour to the south of Tabaria, which are used as baths ( Burckhardt , Syr. pp. 573-4; Rob. iii. pp. 258ff.). Rakkath (according to the Talm. and Rabb. ripa littus ) was http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos122.html (2 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:19:11 p.m.]

Keil and Delitzsch ong>Commentaryong> on the Old Testament situated, according to rabbinical accounts, in the immediate neighbourhood of Hammath, and was the same place as Tiberias; but the account given by Josephus (Ant. xviii. 2, 3; cf. Bell. Judg. ii. 9, 1) respecting the founding of Tiberias by Herod the tetrarch is at variance with this; so that the rabbinical statements appear to have no other foundation than the etymology of the name Rakkath. Chinnereth is given in the Targums as gªneeycar , giynowcar , ginowcar , i.e., Genneesa'r (NT:1082). According to Josephus (Bell. Jud. iii. 10, 8), this name was given to a strip of land on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, which was distinguished for its natural beauty, its climate, and its fertility, namely the long plain, about twenty minutes broad and an hour long, which stretches along the western shore of this lake, from el-Mejdel on the south to Khan Minyeh on the north ( Burckhardt , Syr. pp. 558-9; Rob. iii. pp. 279, 290). It must have been in this plain that the town of Chinnereth stood, from which the plain and lake together derived the name of Chinnereth (Deut 3:17) or Chinneroth (Josh 11:2), and the lake alone the name of "Sea of Chinnereth," or "Sea of Chinneroth" (Josh 12:3; 13:27; Num 34:11). Verse 36. Adamah is unknown. Knobel is of opinion, that as Adamah signifies red, the place referred to may possibly be Ras el Ahmar , i.e., red-head , on the north of Safed ( Rob. iii. p. 370; Bibl. Res. p. 69). Ramah is the present Rameh ( Ramea ), a large well-built village, inhabited by Christians and Druses, surrounded by extensive olive plantations, and provided with an excellent well. It stands upon the slope of a mountain, in a beautiful plain on the south-west of Safed, but without any relics of antiquity (see Seetzen , ii. p. 129; Rob. Bibl. Res. pp. 78-9). Hazor has not yet been traced with certainty (see at Josh 11:1). Verse 37. Kedesh (see at Josh 12:2). Edrei , a different place from the town of the same name in Bashan (Josh 1:2,4), is still unknown. En-hazor is probably to be sought for in Bell Hazur and Ain Hazur , which is not very far distant, on the southwest of Rameh, though the ruins upon Tell Hazur are merely the ruins of an ordinary village, with one single cistern that has fallen to pieces ( Rob. Bibl. Res. pp. 80, 81). http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos123.html (1 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:19:13 p.m.]

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