Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox
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Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

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Keil and Delitzsch ong>Commentaryong> on the Old Testament This remark was necessary because the Philistines were not descendants of Canaan (see at Gen 10:14), but yet were to be driven out like the Canaanites themselves as being invaders of Canaanitish territory (cf. Deut 2:23). carªneey (OT:5633), from ceren (OT:5633), the standing title of the princes of the Philistines (vid., Judg 3:3; 16:5ff.; 1 Sam 5:8), does not mean kings, but princes, and is interchangeable with saariym (OT:8269) (cf. 1 Sam 29:6 with vv. 4, 9). At any rate, it was the native or Philistian title of the Philistine princes, though it is not derived from the same root as Sar , but is connected with seren, axis rotae , in the tropical sense of princeps , for which the Arabic furnishes several analogies (see Ges. Thes. p. 972). The capitals of these five princes were the following. Azzah ( Gaza , i.e., the strong): this was allotted to the tribe of Judah and taken by the Judaeans (Josh 15:47; Judg 1:18), but was not held long. It is at the present time a considerable town of about 15,000 inhabitants, with the old name of Ghazzeh , about an hour from the sea, and with a seaport called Majuma; it is the farthest town of Palestine towards the southwest (see Rob. Pal. ii. pp. 374ff.; Ritter , Erdk. xvi. pp. 35ff.; Stark , Gaza, etc., pp. 45ff.). Ashdod ( A'zootos (NT:108), Azotus ): this was also allotted to the tribe of Judah (Josh 15:46-47), the seat of Dagon-worship, to which the Philistines carried the ark (1 Sam 5:1ff.). It was conquered by Uzziah (2 Chron 26:6), was afterwards taken by Tartan, the general of Sargon (Isa 20:1), and was besieged by Psammetichus for twenty-nine years (Herod. ii. 157). It is the present Esdud , a Mahometan village with about a hundred or a hundred and fifty miserable huts, upon a low, round, wooded height on the road from Jamnia to Gaza, two miles to the south of Jamnia, about half an hour from the sea (vid., Rob. i. p. 368). Ashkalon: this was conquered by the Judaeans after the death of Joshua (Judg 1:8-9); but shortly afterwards recovered its independence (vid., Judg 14:19; 1 Sam 6:17). It is the present Askulân on the sea-shore between Gaza and Ashdod, five hours to the north of Gaza, with considerable and widespread ruins (see v. Raum. pp. 173-4; Ritter , xvi. pp. 69ff.). Gath ( Ge'th ): this was for a long time the seat of the Rephaites, and was the home of Goliath (Josh 11:22; 1 Sam 17:4,23; 2 Sam 21:19ff.; 1 Chron 20:5ff.); it was thither that the Philistines of Ashdod removed the ark, which http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos77.html (1 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:18:15 p.m.]

Keil and Delitzsch ong>Commentaryong> on the Old Testament was taken thence to Ekron (1 Sam 5:7-10). David was the first to wrest it from the Philistines (1 Chron 18:1). In the time of Solomon it was a royal city of the Philistines, though no doubt under Israelitish supremacy (1 Kings 2:39; 5:1). It was fortified by Rehoboam (2 Chron 11:8), was taken by the Syrians in the time of Joash (2 Kings 12:18), and was conquered again by Uzziah (2 Chron 26:6; Amos 6:2); but no further mention is made of it, and no traces have yet been discovered (Note: According to the Onom. ( s. v. Geth ), it was a place five Roman miles from Eleutheropolis towards Diospolis, whereas Jerome (on Mic 1) says: "Gath was near the border of Judaea, and on the road from Eleutheropolis to Gaza; it is still a very large village;" whilst in the commentary on Jer 25 he says: "Gath was near to and conterminous with Azotus," from which it is obvious enough that the situation of the Philistine city of Gath was altogether unknown to the Fathers. Hitzig and Knobel suppose the Baitoga'bra of Ptolemy (5:16,6), Betogabri in Tab. Peuting. ix. e. (the Eleutheropolis of the Fathers, and the present Beit Jibrin , a very considerable ruin), to be the ancient Gath, but this opinion is only founded upon very questionable etymological combinations; whereas Thenius looks for it on the site of the present Deir Dubban , though without any tenable ground.) (see Rob. ii. p. 420, and v. Raumer , Pal. pp. 191-2). "And the Avvites (Avvaeans) towards the south." Judging from Deut 2:23, the Avvim appear to have belonged to those tribes of the land who were already found there by the Canaanites, and whom the Philistines subdued and destroyed when they entered the country. They are not mentioned in Gen 10:15-19 among the Canaanitish tribes. At the same time, there is not sufficient ground for identifying them with the Geshurites as Ewald does, or with the Anakites, as Bertheau has done. Moreover, it cannot be decided whether they were descendants of Ham or Shem (see Stark. Gaza, pp. 32ff.). miteeymaan (OT:8486) ( from , or on, the south ) at the commencement of v. 4 should be attached to v. 3, as it is in the Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, and joined to haa`auwiym (OT:5757) (the Avvites). The Avvaeans dwelt to the south of the Philistines, on the south-west of Gaza. It gives no sense to connect with the what follows, so as to read "towards the south all the land of the Canaanites;" for whatever land to the south of Gaza, or of the territory of the Philistines, was still inhabited by Canaanites, could not possibly be called "all the land of the http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos77.html (2 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:18:15 p.m.]

<strong>Keil</strong> and <strong>Delitzsch</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Commentary</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> the Old Testament<br />

<br />

This remark was necessary because the Philistines were not descendants of Canaan<br />

(see at Gen 10:14), but yet were to be driven out like the Canaanites themselves as<br />

being invaders of Canaanitish territory (cf. Deut 2:23). carªneey (OT:5633), from<br />

ceren (OT:5633), the standing title of the princes of the Philistines (vid., Judg 3:3;<br />

16:5ff.; 1 Sam 5:8), does not mean kings, but princes, and is interchangeable with<br />

saariym (OT:8269) (cf. 1 Sam 29:6 with vv. 4, 9). At any rate, it was the native or<br />

Philistian title of the Philistine princes, though it is not derived from the same root as<br />

Sar , but is c<strong>on</strong>nected with seren, axis rotae , in the tropical sense of princeps , for<br />

which the Arabic furnishes several analogies (see Ges. Thes. p. 972).<br />

The capitals of these five princes were the following. Azzah ( Gaza , i.e., the str<strong>on</strong>g):<br />

this was allotted to the tribe of Judah and taken by the Judaeans (Josh 15:47; Judg<br />

1:18), but was not held l<strong>on</strong>g. It is at the present time a c<strong>on</strong>siderable town of about<br />

15,000 inhabitants, with the old name of Ghazzeh , about an hour from the sea, and<br />

with a seaport called Majuma; it is the farthest town of Palestine towards the southwest<br />

(see Rob. Pal. ii. pp. 374ff.; Ritter , Erdk. xvi. pp. 35ff.; Stark , Gaza, etc., pp.<br />

45ff.). Ashdod ( A'zootos (NT:108), Azotus ): this was also allotted to the tribe of<br />

Judah (Josh 15:46-47), the seat of Dag<strong>on</strong>-worship, to which the Philistines carried the<br />

ark (1 Sam 5:1ff.). It was c<strong>on</strong>quered by Uzziah (2 Chr<strong>on</strong> 26:6), was afterwards taken<br />

by Tartan, the general of Sarg<strong>on</strong> (Isa 20:1), and was besieged by Psammetichus for<br />

twenty-nine years (Herod. ii. 157).<br />

It is the present Esdud , a Mahometan village with about a hundred or a hundred and<br />

fifty miserable huts, up<strong>on</strong> a low, round, wooded height <strong>on</strong> the road from Jamnia to<br />

Gaza, two miles to the south of Jamnia, about half an hour from the sea (vid., Rob. i.<br />

p. 368). Ashkal<strong>on</strong>: this was c<strong>on</strong>quered by the Judaeans after the death of <strong>Joshua</strong> (Judg<br />

1:8-9); but shortly afterwards recovered its independence (vid., Judg 14:19; 1 Sam<br />

6:17). It is the present Askulân <strong>on</strong> the sea-shore between Gaza and Ashdod, five hours<br />

to the north of Gaza, with c<strong>on</strong>siderable and widespread ruins (see v. Raum. pp. 173-4;<br />

Ritter , xvi. pp. 69ff.). Gath ( Ge'th ): this was for a l<strong>on</strong>g time the seat of the<br />

Rephaites, and was the home of Goliath (Josh 11:22; 1 Sam 17:4,23; 2 Sam 21:19ff.;<br />

1 Chr<strong>on</strong> 20:5ff.); it was thither that the Philistines of Ashdod removed the ark, which<br />

http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos77.html (1 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:18:15 p.m.]

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