Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

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Keil and Delitzsch <strong>Commentary</strong> on the Old Testament in v. 37), taking the cattle and the property in the town as booty, as in the case of Ai (Josh 8:27-28), and treating its king like the king of Jericho, who was suspended upon a stake, to judge from Josh 8:2,29, although this is not stated in ch. 6. Verse 29-30. From Makkedah he went with all Israel, i.e., all the men of war, against Libnah , and after effecting the conquest of it, did just the same as he had done to Makkedah. Libnah was one of the towns of the plain or of the hill-country of Judah (Josh 15:42); it was allotted to the priests (Josh 21:13), revolted from Judah in the reign of Joram (2 Kings 8:22), and was besieged by Sennacherib (Isa 37:8). It is to be sought on the north-west of Lachish, not on the south as Knobel erroneously infers from Isa 37:8. According to the Onom. ( s. v. Lebna ), it was at that time villa in regione Eleutheropolitana, quae appellatur Lobna. It has not been discovered yet; but according to the very probable conjecture of V. de Velde (Mem. p. 330), the ruins of it may perhaps be seen upon the hill called Arâk el Menshiyeh , about two hours to the wets of Beit Jibrin. (Note: Knobel is decidedly wrong in his supposition, that Libnah is to be seen in the considerable ruins called Hora , which lie in the plain ( Seetzen and V. de Velde ) and are called Hawara by Robinson. He founds his conjecture upon the fact that the name signifies white , and is the Arabic translation of the Hebrew name. But Hora is only two hours and a half to the north of Beersheba, and is not in the plain at all, but in the Negeb.) Verse 31-32. Lachish , i.e., Um Lakis (see at v. 3), shared the same fate. Verse 33. Joshua also smote the king of Gezer , who had come with his people to help of Lachish, and left no one remaining. Nothing is said about the capture of the town of Gezer. According to Josh 16:10 and Judg 1:29, it was still in the possession of the Canaanites when the land was divided, though this alone is not sufficient to prove that Joshua did not conquer it, as so many of the conquered towns were occupied by the Canaanites again after the Israelites had withdrawn. But its situation makes it very probable that Joshua did not conquer it at that time, as it was too much out of his road, and too far from Lachish. Gezer (LXX Ga'zer , in 1 Chron 14:16 http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos62.html (1 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:17:54 p.m.]
Keil and Delitzsch <strong>Commentary</strong> on the Old Testament Gazeera' , in 1 Macc. Gazee'ra or Ga'zara (NT:1048) plur. , in Josephus Ga'zara (NT:1048), Ant. vii. 4, 1, viii. 6, 1, and also Ga'dara , v. 1, 22, xii. 7, 4) was on the southern boundary of Ephraim (Josh 16:3), and was given up by that tribe to the Levites (Josh 16:9-10; 21:20-21. It is very frequently mentioned. David pursued the Philistines to Gezer (Gazer), after they had been defeated at Gibeon or Geba (2 Sam 5:25; 1 Chron 14:16). At a later period it was conquered by Pharaoh, and presented to his daughter, who was married to Solomon; and Solomon built, i.e., fortified it (1 Kings 9:16-17). It was an important fortress in the wars of the Maccabees (1 Macc. 9:52; 2 Macc. 10:32; cf. 1 Macc. 4:15; 7:45; 13:53; 14:34; 15:28, 35). According to the Onom. ( s. v. Gazer ), it was four Roman miles to the north of Nicopolis, i.e., Anwas, and was called Gaza'ra (NT:1048). This is not only in harmony with Josh 16:3, according to which the southern border of Ephraim ran from Lower Bethhoron to Gezer, and then on to the sea, but also with all the other passages in which Gezer is mentioned, (Note: The statement in 1 Macc. 7:45, that Judas Maccabaeus pursued the army of Nicanor, which had been beaten at Adasa, for a day's journey, as far as Gazera ("a day's journey from Adasa into Gazera"), is perfectly reconcilable with the situation of el Kubab; for, according to Josephus (Ant. xii. 10, 5), Adasa was thirty stadia from Bethhoron, and Bethhoron is ten miles to the west of Jubab (measuring in a straight line upon the map); so that Judas pursued the enemy fifteen miles-a distance which might very well be called "a day's journey," if we consider that the enemy, when flying, would not always take the straightest road, and might even make a stand at intervals, and so delay their pursuers. Still less do the statement in 1 Macc. 14:34, that Simon fortified Joppa on the sea, and Gazara on the border of Ashdod, the combination of Joppa, Gazara, and the tower that is in Jerusalem (1 Macc. 15:28, 35), and the fact that the country of Gadaris, with the town of Gadara, occurs between Joppa and Jamnia in Strabo xvi. 759, warrant us in making a distinction between Gazara (Gezer) and the place mentioned in the Onom. , as Grimm does (on 1 Macc. 4:15), and identifying it with the village of Jazûr , an hour and a half from Jaffa, although Arvieux calls http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos62.html (2 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:17:54 p.m.]
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Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

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