Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

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Keil and Delitzsch <strong>Commentary</strong> on the Old Testament Knobel maintains that there is great confusion in the order of succession of the events described in ch. 1- 3, that Josh 1:11 is irreconcilable with ch. 3:1-6, and that accounts written by three different authors have been mixed up together in these chapters. (For the different attempts to reconcile the accounts, see Keil's <strong>Commentary</strong> on Joshua, pp. 72-75, note, Eng. trans. Clark, 1857.)) Verse 12-18. Joshua's appeal to the two tribes and a half, to remember the condition on which Moses gave them the land on the east of the Jordan for an inheritance, and to fulfil it, met with a ready response; to that these tribes not only promised to obey his commandments in every respect, but threatened every one with death who should refuse obedience. In recalling this condition to the recollection of the tribes referred to, Joshua follows the expressions in Deut 3:18-20, where Moses himself recapitulates his former command, rather than the original passage in Num 32. The expression "this land" shows that the speaker was still on the other side of the Jordan. chamushiym (OT:2571), with the loins girded , i.e., prepared for war, synonymous with chalutsiym in Deut 3:18 and Num 32:32 (see at Ex 13:18). chayil kaalgibowreey , all the mighty men of valour , i.e., the grave warriors (as in Josh 6:2; 8:3; 10:7, and very frequently in the later books), is not common to this book and Deuteronomy, as Knobel maintains, but is altogether strange to the Pentateuch (see p. 15). The word "all" (v. 14, like Num 32:21,27) must not be pressed. According to Josh 4:13, there were only about 40,000 men belonging to the two tribes and a half who crossed the Jordan to take part in the war; whereas, according to Num 26:7,18,34, there were 110,000 men in these tribes who were capable of bearing arms, so that 70,000 must have remained behind for the protection of the women and children and of the flocks and herds, and to defend the land of which they had taken possession. On v. 15 see Deut 3:18; and on the more minute definition of "on this side ( lit. beyond) Jordan" by "toward the sun-rising," compare the remarks on Num 32:19. The answer of the two tribes and a half, in which they not only most cheerfully promise their help in the conquest of Canaan, but also express the wish that Joshua may have the help of the Lord (v. 17 compared with v. 4), and after threatening all who refuse obedience with death, close with the divine admonition, "only be strong http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos05.html (1 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:16:53 p.m.]
Keil and Delitzsch <strong>Commentary</strong> on the Old Testament and of a good courage" (v. 18, cf. v. 6), furnishes a proof of the wish that inspired them to help their brethren, that all the tribes might speedily enter into the peaceable possession of the promised inheritance. The expression "rebel against the commandment" is used in Deut 1:26,43; 9:23; 1 Sam 12:14, to denote resistance to the commandments of the Lord; here it denotes opposition to His representative, the commander chosen by the Lord, which was to be punished with death, according to the law in Deut 17:12. Joshua 2:1 And Joshua the son of Nun sent out of Shittim two men to spy secretly, saying, Go view the land, even Jericho. And they went, and came into an harlot's house, named Rahab, and lodged there. Two Spies Sent Over to Jericho. - V. 1. Although Joshua had received a promise from the Lord of His almighty help in the conquest of Canaan, he still thought it necessary to do what was requisite on his part to secure the success of the work committed to him, as the help of God does not preclude human action, but rather presupposes it. He therefore sent two men out secretly as spies from Shittim the place of encampment at that time (see at Num 25:1), to view, i.e., explore, the land, especially Jericho, the strongly fortified frontier town of Canaan (Josh 6:1). The word "secretly" is connected by the accents with "saying," giving them their instructions secretly; but this implies that they were also sent out secretly. This was done partly in order that the Canaanites might not hear of it, and partly in order that, if the report should prove unfavourable, the people might not be thrown into despair, as they had been before in the time of Moses. The spies proceeded to Jericho, and towards evening they entered the house of a harlot named Rahab, and lodged there, lit. laid themselves down, intended to remain or sleep there. http://207.44.232.113/~bible/comment/ot/k&d/josh/jos05.html (2 of 2) [13/08/2004 01:16:53 p.m.]
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Commentary on Joshua - Keil & Delitzsch - David Cox

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