Software Engineering for Students A Programming Approach

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abstraction 99, 107 acceptance test 251, 332 activity diagrams 414 Ada 177, 189, 215, 233, 254, 393 adaptive maintenance 11 adversary team 275 agile manifesto 330 agile methods 330 Algol 68 393 anti-patterns 151, 161, 162 architecture 338 array list 206 arrays 194 assertions 253 assessing methods 385, 387 ATM case study 32, 45, 62, 154, 157, 158, 300, 341, 407 audit module 241 automated testing 275 automatic garbage collection 215 automation 398 backward error recovery 244 beta testing 275 bibliography 417 big-bang development 315 black box testing 269, 387 blob anti-pattern 161 Bohm, B. 373 Booch, G. 337 bottom-up implementation 317 boundary values 269, 271, 273 Index bounty hunter 275 breadth-first 107 Brooks, F.P. 348, 377 bugs, estimating 361 C 176, 214, 225, 254 C++ 214, 225, 254, 393 C# 177, 189, 191, 196, 212, 223, 233 call by reference 188 call by value 188 Capability Maturity Model, see CMM case studies 407 casting 193 chief programmer teams 351 class 201 class diagram 143, 144, 170, 209, 228, 413 class programmer 353–4 classes, finding 142 class–responsibility–collaborator cards, see CRC cards CMM, 366 Cobol 176, 393 COCOMO 373 cohesion 79 command line interface 54 communication 333, 347 compile-time checking 240 complexity 70, 358 component programmer 353–4 component size 70
420 Index component types 70 components 399 composition refactoring 168 control 397 control structures 94, 179 cost 5, 6, 9, 12 cost estimation 372 cost-benefit analysis 31 coupling 77 courage 333 CRC cards 145, 332 crisis 16 Crystal 330 cyberspace invaders case study 103, 140, 154, 158, 200, 408 dangling else 180 dangling pointer 215 data flow design 111 data flow diagram 112 data hiding 74 data structure design 121 data structure diagram 122 data structures 213 data typing 190 database design 26 deadlines 10 defensive programming 241 delegation design pattern 153 Deming, W.E. 365 depth-first 107 design data flow 111 data structure 121 functional decomposition 102 of programming language 176 OOD 139 user interface 53 design patterns 151 delegation 153 façade 156 factory method 155 immutable 157 inheritance 152 layers 159 mediator 158 model, view controller 157 observer, observable 157 Pipe and Filter 158 proxy 159 singleton 154 deskilling 92 desktop metaphor 56 Dijkstra, E.W. 278 direct manipulation 56 division of labor 349 driver 276 DSDM 330 dynamic data structures 213 dynamic typing 191 efficiency, see per<strong>for</strong>mance Eiffel 212 ego-less programming 284 Encapsulate Data refactoring 166 encapsulation 74, 200 enumerations 193 equivalence partitioning 270 error 9, 13, 268, 283 evolutionary prototyping 307 exception handling 245 exceptions 93, 245 exhaustive testing 269 exploratory programming 396 Extract Class refactoring 167 extreme programming 332 façade design pattern 156 factory method 155 failure 13 fault 9, 13, 237, 283, 361, 362 fault density 278, 361 fault detection 239, 242 fault intolerance 238 fault tolerance 238 FDD 330 feasibility study 30, 373 feedback 293, 333 filter and pipe pattern 115, 260, 394 flowchart 88
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Software Engineering for Students D
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We work with leading authors to dev
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Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh
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vi Contents Part D ● Verification
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viii Detailed contents 3 The feasib
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x Detailed contents 9 Data flow des
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xii Detailed contents 14.7 Repetiti
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xiv Detailed contents 19.7 Unit tes
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xvi Detailed contents 26 Agile meth
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xviii Detailed contents 32.4 Softwa
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xx Preface Software Engineering and
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xxii Preface are engaged on a proje
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CHAPTER 1 This chapter: ■ reviews
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1.3 The cost of software production
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100% 10% 1970 SELF-TEST QUESTION Ha
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Analysis and design 1 /3 Coding 1 /
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 1.7 Maintenance
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1.8 Reliability 13 in the first pla
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1.8 Reliability 15 contain a comma
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Ease of maintenance Reliability Con
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Exercises 19 • Exercises These ex
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Further reading 21 Analyses of the
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■ documentation ■ maintenance
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2.2 The tasks 25 An important examp
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2.4 Methodology 27 reality. Like an
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■ error free ■ fault ■ tested
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3.2 ● Technical feasibility 3.3 C
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3.5 Case study 33 The hardware cost
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Answers to self-test questions 3.1
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4.2 The concept of a requirement 37
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4.3 The qualities of a specificatio
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4.5 The requirements specification
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4.6 The structure of a specificatio
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4.7 ● Use cases 4.7 Use cases 45
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Summary The ideal characteristics o
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Further reading 49 Further reading
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CHAPTER 5 This chapter explains: 5.
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5.3 Styles of human-computer interf
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5.5 Design principles and guideline
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5.5 Design principles and guideline
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 5.2 What problem
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5.8 Help systems 63 Our plan is to
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Further reading 65 5.5 Design a use
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CHAPTER 6 Modularity This chapter e
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6.2 Why modularity? 69 observed fau
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Figure 6.1 Two alternative software
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■ a simple program is more likely
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6.6 Information hiding 75 The class
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6.8 ● Coupling 6.8 Coupling 77 We
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6. Method calls with parameters tha
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3. Temporal cohesion 6.9 Cohesion 8
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> } public void setY(int newY) { y
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• Exercises 6.1 What is modularit
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CHAPTER 7 Structured programming Th
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7.2 Arguments against goto 89 If we
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■ if-then-else ■ while-do or re
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7.3 Arguments in favor of goto 93 l
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7.4 Selecting control structures 95
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while do if endif then else endWhil
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• Exercises 7.1 Review the argume
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count = 0 loop: count = count + 1 i
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> 8.2 Case study 103 A statement th
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start button event create defender
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8.3 ● Discussion Abstraction One
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Exercises 109 skill. On the other h
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CHAPTER 9 This chapter explains: 9.
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9.2 Identifying data flows 113 Noti
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9.3 Creation of a structure chart 1
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 9.4 Discussion 1
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Exercises 119 During the second sta
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CHAPTER 10 This chapter explains:
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In English, this reads: 10.2 A simp
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10.2 A simple example 125 Now comes
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10.4 Multiple input and output stre
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Process header Process issue 10.4 M
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10.5 Structure clashes 131 As seen
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10.5 Structure clashes 133 Let us r
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10.6 Discussion 135 ■ teachable -
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Exercises 137 2. a control block, s
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CHAPTER 11 Object-oriented design T
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Figure 11.1 The cyberspace invaders
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 11.1 Derive info
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11.5 Class-responsibility-collabora
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11.7 ● Discussion Summary 147 OOD
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11.11 Compare and contrast the prin
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CHAPTER 12 This chapter explains: 1
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12.3 Delegation 153 The concepts of
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12.5 Factory method 155 The followi
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12.8 Model, view controller (observ
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Figure 12.4 Pipe and Filter pattern
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Figure 12.6 Layers in a distributed
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Answers to self-test questions 163
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CHAPTER 13 Refactoring This chapter
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13.3 ● Move Method 13.6 Inline Cl
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class Sprite Instance variables x y
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Summary Summary 171 it is making po
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PART C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
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176 Chapter 14 ■ The basics and a
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178 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > > >
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180 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > Ear
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182 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > Cas
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184 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > > >
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186 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > } }
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188 Chapter 14 ■ The basics Unfor
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190 Chapter 14 ■ The basics Ada d
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192 Chapter 14 ■ The basics The w
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194 Chapter 14 ■ The basics In a
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196 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > str
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198 Chapter 14 ■ The basics Answe
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CHAPTER 15 Object-oriented programm
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202 Chapter 15 ■ Object-oriented
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222 Chapter 16 ■ Programming in t
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238 Chapter 17 ■ Software robustn
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260 Chapter 18 ■ Scripting GNU/Li
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262 Chapter 18 ■ Scripting In sum
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PART D VERIFICATION
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268 Chapter 19 ■ Testing We begin
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270 Chapter 19 ■ Testing within a
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272 Chapter 19 ■ Testing Test num
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274 Chapter 19 ■ Testing if (a >=
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276 Chapter 19 ■ Testing 3. apply
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278 Chapter 19 ■ Testing made con
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280 Chapter 19 ■ Testing 19.3 Dev
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282 Chapter 19 ■ Testing 19.2 The
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284 Chapter 20 ■ Groups The term
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286 Chapter 20 ■ Groups Of course
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288 Chapter 20 ■ Groups • Exerc
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CHAPTER 21 This chapter explains: 2
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Stage Input Output 21.3 Feedback be
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Summary The essence and the strengt
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CHAPTER 22 This chapter: 22.1 ● I
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22.2 The spiral model 299 to try to
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22.4 ● Discussion Exercises 301 A
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CHAPTER 23 Prototyping This chapter
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Therefore, in summary: ■ the prod
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23.5 Evolutionary prototyping 307 U
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Reuse components 23.6 Rapid prototy
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Pitfalls For users, the problems of
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Answers to self-test questions 313
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24.2 ● Big-bang implementation 24
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Tested component Figure 24.1 Top-do
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24.7 ● Use case driven implementa
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■ middle-out ■ use case based.
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 25.1 What is the
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sharing of software or their own re
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Summary 327 Inappropriate patches,
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Further reading 329 Cathedral and t
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These are qualified by the statemen
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26.3 Extreme programming 333 develo
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 26.3 Which of th
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CHAPTER 27 This chapter explains:
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Figure 27.1 The phases of the unifi
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27.5 ● Iteration 27.6 Case study
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The transition phase Summary 343 Th
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PART F PROJECT MANAGEMENT
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348 Chapter 28 ■ Teams The commun
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350 Chapter 28 ■ Teams Level of s
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352 Chapter 28 ■ Teams A chief pr
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354 Chapter 28 ■ Teams benefits o
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356 Chapter 28 ■ Teams • Furthe
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358 Chapter 29 ■ Software metrics
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Page 391 and 392: 368 Chapter 29 ■ Software metrics
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Page 414 and 415: Further reading 391 31.2 Draw up a
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Page 418 and 419: 32.5 ● The real world of software
Page 420 and 421: 32.6 Control versus skill 397 Final
Page 422 and 423: Formal methods 32.7 Future methods
Page 424 and 425: Summary 401 In the short-term futur
Page 426: Further reading 403 An extensive tr
Page 430 and 431: APPENDIX A Case studies are used th
Page 432 and 433: Figure A.1 Cyberspace invaders A.4
Page 434 and 435: APPENDIX B Glossary Within the fiel
Page 436 and 437: C.2 ● Class diagrams C.2 Class di
Page 438 and 439: util Figure C.6 A package diagram S
Page 440 and 441: References to books and websites ar
Page 444 and 445: fork 324 formal methods 276, 388, 3
Page 446 and 447: quality 18, 362 quality assurance 1
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