Software Engineering for Students A Programming Approach

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Detailed contents xiii Summary 233 Exercises 233 Answers to self-test questions 234 Further reading 235 17 <strong>Software</strong> robustness 237 17.1 Introduction 237 17.2 Fault detection by software 239 17.3 Fault detection by hardware 242 17.4 Dealing with damage 244 17.5 Exceptions and exception handlers 245 17.6 Recovery blocks 249 17.7 n-version programming 252 17.8 Assertions 253 17.9 Discussion 254 Summary 255 Exercises 255 Answers to self-test questions 257 Further reading 258 18 Scripting 259 18.1 Introduction 259 18.2 Unix 259 18.3 Discussion 262 Summary 263 Exercises 263 Answers to self-test questions 263 Further reading 263 Part D ● Verification 265 19 Testing 267 19.1 Introduction 267 19.2 The nature of errors 268 19.3 The problem of testing 269 19.4 Black box (functional) testing 269 19.5 White box (structural) testing 272 19.6 Other testing methods 274
xiv Detailed contents 19.7 Unit testing 276 19.8 System (integration) testing 277 19.9 Discussion 278 Summary 278 Exercises 279 Answers to self-test questions 281 Further reading 282 20 Groups 283 20.1 Introduction 283 20.2 The individual and the error 283 20.3 Structured walkthroughs 284 20.4 Inspections 286 20.5 Pair programming 286 20.6 Discussion 287 Summary 287 Exercises 288 Further reading 288 Part E ● Process models 289 21 The waterfall model 291 21.1 Introduction 291 21.2 Principles of the model 291 21.3 Feedback between stages 293 21.4 Discussion 294 Summary 295 Exercises 295 Answers to self-test questions 296 22 The spiral model 297 22.1 Introduction 297 22.2 The spiral model 297 22.3 Case study 300 22.4 Discussion 301 Summary 301 Exercises 301 Answer to self-test question 302 Further reading 302
Page 1 and 2: Software Engineering for Students D
Page 3 and 4: We work with leading authors to dev
Page 5 and 6: Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh
Page 7 and 8: vi Contents Part D ● Verification
Page 9 and 10: viii Detailed contents 3 The feasib
Page 11 and 12: x Detailed contents 9 Data flow des
Page 13: xii Detailed contents 14.7 Repetiti
Page 17 and 18: xvi Detailed contents 26 Agile meth
Page 19 and 20: xviii Detailed contents 32.4 Softwa
Page 21 and 22: xx Preface Software Engineering and
Page 23 and 24: xxii Preface are engaged on a proje
Page 26 and 27: CHAPTER 1 This chapter: ■ reviews
Page 28 and 29: 1.3 The cost of software production
Page 30 and 31: 100% 10% 1970 SELF-TEST QUESTION Ha
Page 32 and 33: Analysis and design 1 /3 Coding 1 /
Page 34 and 35: SELF-TEST QUESTION 1.7 Maintenance
Page 36 and 37: 1.8 Reliability 13 in the first pla
Page 38 and 39: 1.8 Reliability 15 contain a comma
Page 40 and 41: Ease of maintenance Reliability Con
Page 42 and 43: Exercises 19 • Exercises These ex
Page 44 and 45: Further reading 21 Analyses of the
Page 46 and 47: ■ documentation ■ maintenance
Page 48 and 49: 2.2 The tasks 25 An important examp
Page 50 and 51: 2.4 Methodology 27 reality. Like an
Page 52 and 53: ■ error free ■ fault ■ tested
Page 54 and 55: 3.2 ● Technical feasibility 3.3 C
Page 56 and 57: 3.5 Case study 33 The hardware cost
Page 58 and 59: Answers to self-test questions 3.1
Page 60 and 61: 4.2 The concept of a requirement 37
Page 62 and 63: 4.3 The qualities of a specificatio
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4.5 The requirements specification
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4.6 The structure of a specificatio
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4.7 ● Use cases 4.7 Use cases 45
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Summary The ideal characteristics o
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Further reading 49 Further reading
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CHAPTER 5 This chapter explains: 5.
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5.3 Styles of human-computer interf
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5.5 Design principles and guideline
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5.5 Design principles and guideline
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 5.2 What problem
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5.8 Help systems 63 Our plan is to
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Further reading 65 5.5 Design a use
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CHAPTER 6 Modularity This chapter e
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6.2 Why modularity? 69 observed fau
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Figure 6.1 Two alternative software
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■ a simple program is more likely
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6.6 Information hiding 75 The class
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6.8 ● Coupling 6.8 Coupling 77 We
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6. Method calls with parameters tha
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3. Temporal cohesion 6.9 Cohesion 8
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> } public void setY(int newY) { y
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• Exercises 6.1 What is modularit
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CHAPTER 7 Structured programming Th
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7.2 Arguments against goto 89 If we
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■ if-then-else ■ while-do or re
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7.3 Arguments in favor of goto 93 l
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7.4 Selecting control structures 95
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while do if endif then else endWhil
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• Exercises 7.1 Review the argume
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count = 0 loop: count = count + 1 i
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> 8.2 Case study 103 A statement th
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start button event create defender
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8.3 ● Discussion Abstraction One
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Exercises 109 skill. On the other h
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CHAPTER 9 This chapter explains: 9.
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9.2 Identifying data flows 113 Noti
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9.3 Creation of a structure chart 1
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 9.4 Discussion 1
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Exercises 119 During the second sta
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CHAPTER 10 This chapter explains:
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In English, this reads: 10.2 A simp
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10.2 A simple example 125 Now comes
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10.4 Multiple input and output stre
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Process header Process issue 10.4 M
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10.5 Structure clashes 131 As seen
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10.5 Structure clashes 133 Let us r
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10.6 Discussion 135 ■ teachable -
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Exercises 137 2. a control block, s
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CHAPTER 11 Object-oriented design T
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Figure 11.1 The cyberspace invaders
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 11.1 Derive info
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11.5 Class-responsibility-collabora
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11.7 ● Discussion Summary 147 OOD
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11.11 Compare and contrast the prin
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CHAPTER 12 This chapter explains: 1
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12.3 Delegation 153 The concepts of
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12.5 Factory method 155 The followi
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12.8 Model, view controller (observ
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Figure 12.4 Pipe and Filter pattern
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Figure 12.6 Layers in a distributed
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Answers to self-test questions 163
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CHAPTER 13 Refactoring This chapter
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13.3 ● Move Method 13.6 Inline Cl
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class Sprite Instance variables x y
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Summary Summary 171 it is making po
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PART C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
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176 Chapter 14 ■ The basics and a
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178 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > > >
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180 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > Ear
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182 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > Cas
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184 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > > >
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186 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > } }
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188 Chapter 14 ■ The basics Unfor
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190 Chapter 14 ■ The basics Ada d
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192 Chapter 14 ■ The basics The w
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194 Chapter 14 ■ The basics In a
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196 Chapter 14 ■ The basics > str
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198 Chapter 14 ■ The basics Answe
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CHAPTER 15 Object-oriented programm
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202 Chapter 15 ■ Object-oriented
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222 Chapter 16 ■ Programming in t
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238 Chapter 17 ■ Software robustn
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260 Chapter 18 ■ Scripting GNU/Li
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262 Chapter 18 ■ Scripting In sum
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PART D VERIFICATION
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268 Chapter 19 ■ Testing We begin
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270 Chapter 19 ■ Testing within a
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272 Chapter 19 ■ Testing Test num
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274 Chapter 19 ■ Testing if (a >=
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276 Chapter 19 ■ Testing 3. apply
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278 Chapter 19 ■ Testing made con
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280 Chapter 19 ■ Testing 19.3 Dev
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282 Chapter 19 ■ Testing 19.2 The
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284 Chapter 20 ■ Groups The term
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286 Chapter 20 ■ Groups Of course
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288 Chapter 20 ■ Groups • Exerc
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CHAPTER 21 This chapter explains: 2
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Stage Input Output 21.3 Feedback be
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Summary The essence and the strengt
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CHAPTER 22 This chapter: 22.1 ● I
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22.2 The spiral model 299 to try to
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22.4 ● Discussion Exercises 301 A
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CHAPTER 23 Prototyping This chapter
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Therefore, in summary: ■ the prod
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23.5 Evolutionary prototyping 307 U
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Reuse components 23.6 Rapid prototy
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Pitfalls For users, the problems of
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Answers to self-test questions 313
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24.2 ● Big-bang implementation 24
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Tested component Figure 24.1 Top-do
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24.7 ● Use case driven implementa
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■ middle-out ■ use case based.
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 25.1 What is the
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sharing of software or their own re
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Summary 327 Inappropriate patches,
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Further reading 329 Cathedral and t
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These are qualified by the statemen
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26.3 Extreme programming 333 develo
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SELF-TEST QUESTION 26.3 Which of th
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CHAPTER 27 This chapter explains:
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Figure 27.1 The phases of the unifi
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27.5 ● Iteration 27.6 Case study
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The transition phase Summary 343 Th
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PART F PROJECT MANAGEMENT
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348 Chapter 28 ■ Teams The commun
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350 Chapter 28 ■ Teams Level of s
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352 Chapter 28 ■ Teams A chief pr
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354 Chapter 28 ■ Teams benefits o
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356 Chapter 28 ■ Teams • Furthe
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358 Chapter 29 ■ Software metrics
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372 Chapter 30 ■ Project manageme
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31.3 Case study - assessing verific
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31.5 A single development method? 3
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Further reading 391 31.2 Draw up a
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32.3 ● The world of programming l
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32.5 ● The real world of software
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32.6 Control versus skill 397 Final
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Formal methods 32.7 Future methods
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Summary 401 In the short-term futur
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Further reading 403 An extensive tr
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APPENDIX A Case studies are used th
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Figure A.1 Cyberspace invaders A.4
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APPENDIX B Glossary Within the fiel
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C.2 ● Class diagrams C.2 Class di
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util Figure C.6 A package diagram S
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References to books and websites ar
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abstraction 99, 107 acceptance test
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fork 324 formal methods 276, 388, 3
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quality 18, 362 quality assurance 1
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