UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs
UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs
74 floppy drive LED. When the system beeps and the floppy drive LED is lit, the system is copying the BIOS recovery code into the flash device. 3. As soon as the drive LED goes off, the recovery should be complete. Power the system off. 4. Change the flash recovery jumper back to the default position for normal operation. When you power the system back on, the new BIOS should be installed and functional. However, you might want to leave the BIOS upgrade floppy in drive A: and check to see that the proper BIOS version was installed. Note Chapter 3—BIOS Configurations and Upgrades Note that this BIOS recovery procedure is often the fastest way to update a large number of machines, especially if you are performing other upgrades at the same time. This is how it is normally done in a system assembly or production environment. Plug-and-Play BIOS The role of the traditional BIOS was to manage the essential devices in the system: the hard drive, floppy drive, video, parallel and serial ports, and keyboard and system timer. Other devices were left to fight for the remaining IRQs and other hardware resources listed in Chapter 2, “System Components and Configuration.” When Windows 95 was introduced, the role of the BIOS changed dramatically. To support Windows 95, the Plug-and-Play BIOS was introduced, changing how cards were installed and managed. Table 3.2 compares a Plug-and-Play (PnP) BIOS to a conventional BIOS. Table 3.2 Plug-and-Play BIOS Versus Conventional BIOS Task Conventional BIOS Plug-and Play BIOS Hardware Motherboard-based All PnP devices as well as configuration devices and video only motherboard devices Configuration type Static (fixed settings) Dynamic (settings can be altered as various devices are installed) Configuration Manual configuration Manual, BIOS-assisted, or operating method system assisted Operating system Accepts all BIOS settings Receives PnP device information relationship to BIOS without alteration from BIOS and can alter settings as required
Note A complete list of PnP device IDs is found in the Technical Reference section of the CD included with Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 12th Edition. PnP BIOS Configuration Options Plug-and-Play BIOS 75 While PnP BIOSes vary widely in their features, the following settings are typical. Use the list in Table 3.3 along with the tables that follow to help you make configuration changes when necessary. Resource Configuration The Resource Configuration menu is used for configuring the memory and interrupt usage of non–Plug-and-Play (legacy) ISA busbased devices. Table 3.3 shows the functions and options found in a typical modern BIOS. Table 3.3 Typical Resource Configuration Menu1 Feature Options Description Memory C800 CBFF Available (default) | Reserved Reserves specific upper Reservation CC00 CFFF Available (default) | Reserved memory blocks for use D000 D3FF Available (default) | Reserved D400 D7FF Available (default) | Reserved D800 DBFF Available (default) | Reserved DC00 DFFF Available (default) | Reserved by legacy ISA devices. IRQ IRQ 3 Available (default) | Reserved Reserves specific IRQs Reservation IRQ 4 Available (default) | Reserved for use by legacy ISA IRQ 5 Available (default) | Reserved devices. An asterisk (*) IRQ 7 Available (default) | Reserved displayed next to an IRQ IRQ 10 Available (default) | Reserved IRQ 11 Available (default) | Reserved indicates an IRQ conflict. 1. Based on the Phoenix BIOS used by the Intel SE440BX2 motherboard. Used by permission of Intel Corporation. Note that these settings are only for legacy (non–Plug-and-Play) ISA devices. For all Plug-and-Play ISA devices, as well as PCI devices (which are Plug-and-Play by default), these resources are instead configured by the operating system or by software that comes with the cards. Setting these resources here does not actually control the legacy ISA device; that usually must be done by moving jumpers on the card. By setting the resource as reserved here, you are telling the Plugand-Play operating system that the reserved resources are off-limits, so it won’t accidentally set a Plug-and-Play device to use the same resource as a legacy ISA device. Reserving resources in this manner is sometimes required because the Plug-and-Play software can’t detect all legacy ISA devices and therefore won’t know which settings the device might be using.
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Note<br />
A complete list of PnP device IDs is found in the Technical<br />
Reference section of the CD included with Upgrading and<br />
Repairing <strong>PCs</strong>, 12th Edition.<br />
PnP BIOS Configuration Options<br />
Plug-and-Play BIOS 75<br />
While PnP BIOSes vary widely in their features, the following settings<br />
are typical. Use the list in Table 3.3 along with the tables that<br />
follow to help you make configuration changes when necessary.<br />
Resource Configuration<br />
The Resource Configuration menu is used for configuring the memory<br />
and interrupt usage of non–Plug-and-Play (legacy) ISA busbased<br />
devices. Table 3.3 shows the functions and options found in<br />
a typical modern BIOS.<br />
Table 3.3 Typical Resource Configuration Menu1 Feature Options Description<br />
Memory C800 CBFF Available (default) | Reserved Reserves specific upper<br />
Reservation CC00 CFFF Available (default) | Reserved memory blocks for use<br />
D000 D3FF Available (default) | Reserved<br />
D400 D7FF Available (default) | Reserved<br />
D800 DBFF Available (default) | Reserved<br />
DC00 DFFF Available (default) | Reserved<br />
by legacy ISA devices.<br />
IRQ IRQ 3 Available (default) | Reserved Reserves specific IRQs<br />
Reservation IRQ 4 Available (default) | Reserved for use by legacy ISA<br />
IRQ 5 Available (default) | Reserved devices. An asterisk (*)<br />
IRQ 7 Available (default) | Reserved displayed next to an IRQ<br />
IRQ 10 Available (default) | Reserved<br />
IRQ 11 Available (default) | Reserved<br />
indicates an IRQ conflict.<br />
1. Based on the Phoenix BIOS used by the Intel SE440BX2 motherboard. Used by permission of<br />
Intel Corporation.<br />
Note that these settings are only for legacy (non–Plug-and-Play) ISA<br />
devices. For all Plug-and-Play ISA devices, as well as PCI devices<br />
(which are Plug-and-Play by default), these resources are instead<br />
configured by the operating system or by software that comes with<br />
the cards.<br />
Setting these resources here does not actually control the legacy ISA<br />
device; that usually must be done by moving jumpers on the card.<br />
By setting the resource as reserved here, you are telling the Plugand-Play<br />
operating system that the reserved resources are off-limits,<br />
so it won’t accidentally set a Plug-and-Play device to use the same<br />
resource as a legacy ISA device. Reserving resources in this manner<br />
is sometimes required because the Plug-and-Play software can’t<br />
detect all legacy ISA devices and therefore won’t know which settings<br />
the device might be using.
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