UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs

10
Chapter 1—General Technical Reference
Table 1.3 Terms and Their Definitions Continued
Term Definition
VL-Bus VESA Local-Bus; a slot standard based on ISA that added a 32-bit connector
to ISA slots in some 486 and early Pentium models; obsolete,
but can be used for ISA cards.
Windows keys Keys beyond the normal keyboard’s 101 keys that perform special
tasks in Windows 9x/NT4/2000/Me.
WINS Windows Internet Naming Service; matches IP addresses to computers
on a Windows network.
x86 All processors that are compatible with Intel CPUs from the 8086/88
through the newest Pentium IIIs and Celerons. Can refer to both Intel
and non-Intel (AMD, VIA/Cyrix) CPUs.
PC99 Color Standards
Table 1.4 PC99 Color Coding Standards for Ports
Port Type Color
Analog VGA (DB15) Blue
Audio line in Light blue
Audio line out Lime green
Digital monitor (DFP) White
IEEE-1394 (i.Link, FireWire) Grey
Microphone Pink
MIDI/game port Gold
Parallel port Burgundy
Serial Port Teal or turquoise
Speaker out (subwoofer) Orange
Right-to-left speaker Brown
USB Black
Video out
SCSI, network, telephone,
Yellow
modem, and so on None
PS/2 Keyboard Purple
PS/2 Mouse Green
Hexadecimal/ASCII Conversions
Use Table 1.5 to look up the various representations for any character
you see onscreen or want to insert into a document. You can
use the Alt+keypad numbers to insert any character into an ASCII
document you create with a program such as Windows Notepad or
MS-DOS’s Edit.