UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs
UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs
148 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable, Tape, and Flash Storage Table 5.2 Floppy Disk Logical Formatted Parameters Continued Current Formats Obsolete Formats Tracks per Side 80 80 80 80 40 40 40 40 Sectors per Track 36 18 9 15 9 8 9 8 Bytes per Sector 512 512 512 512 512 512 512 512 Sectors per Cluster 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 FAT Length (Sectors) 9 9 3 7 2 1 2 1 Number of FATs 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Root Dir. Length (Sectors) 15 14 7 14 7 7 4 4 Maximum Root Entries 240 224 112 224 112 112 64 64 Total Sectors per Disk 5,760 2,880 1,440 2,400 720 640 360 320 Total Available Sectors 5,726 2,847 1,426 2,371 708 630 351 313 Total Available Clusters 2,863 2,847 713 2,371 354 315 351 313 Floppy Drive Troubleshooting Table 5.3 Floppy Drive Troubleshooting Tips Problem Cause Solution Dead drive—the Bad power supply Measure the power at the cable with a drive does not or power cable. voltmeter; ensure that 12v and 5v are spin and the LED never comes on. available to the drive. Drive or controller Check BIOS setup for proper drive type not properly and ensure the controller is enabled if configured in BIOS built in to the motherboard; if an add-on setup. card contains a floppy controller and the motherboard also has one, disable one or the other. Bad data cable. Replace the cable and retest. Defective drive. Replace the drive and retest. Defective controller. Replace the controller and retest. If the controller is built into the motherboard, disable it via the BIOS setup, install a cardbased controller, and retest, or replace the entire motherboard and retest.
Table 5.3 Floppy Drive Troubleshooting Tips Continued Problem Cause Solution Drive LED remains Data cable is on Reinstall the cable properly and retest. on continuously. backward at either the drive or controller connection. The data cable Reinstall the cable properly and retest; could be offset on the connector by one or more pins. replace cable if this doesn’t work. Phantom directories—you Defective cable. Replace the cable and retest. have exchanged Improper drive Older drives must have their DC jumper disks in the drive, but the system configuration. (for Drive Changeline support) enabled. still believes the Defective drive or Replace the drive and retest. previous disk is inserted, and even shows directories of the previous disk. interface. Note Floppy Drives 149 Windows users: Windows does not automatically refresh the display with File Manager, Explorer, and so on by default. Use the F5 key or click Refresh to re-read the disk. Common Floppy Drive Error Messages—Causes and Solutions Table 5.4 Handling Floppy Drive Error Messages Error Message Cause Solution Invalid Media or You are formatting the Make sure you are using the Track Zero Bad, disk and the disk media right type of disk for your drive Disk Unusable type does not match and formatting the disk to its the format parameters. correct capacity. Defective or damaged disk. Replace the disk and retest. Dirty read/write heads. Clean drive, allow heads to dry, and retest. CRC Error or The data read from the Replace the disk and retest. Disk Error 23 disk does not match the Clean the drive heads, allow them data that was originally to dry, and retest. Use Norton written. (CRC stands for Utilities or SpinRite to recover data Cyclic Redundancy Check.) from disk.
- Page 115 and 116: Breaking the 504MB (528-Million-Byt
- Page 117 and 118: Table 4.3 Using LBA Mode Operating
- Page 119 and 120: 5. Use the #4 option—View Current
- Page 121 and 122: Using LBA Mode 103 Table 4.6 Why ID
- Page 123 and 124: Sources for BIOS Upgrades 105 Table
- Page 125 and 126: Improving Hard Disk Speed 107 Figur
- Page 127 and 128: Bus-Mastering Chipsets for IDE 109
- Page 129 and 130: Table 4.13 Bus-Mastering Chipsets b
- Page 131 and 132: Table 4.14 Other IDE Drive Installa
- Page 133 and 134: standard single-ended SCSI devices
- Page 135 and 136: SCSI Drive and Device Configuration
- Page 137 and 138: SCSI Drive and Device Configuration
- Page 139 and 140: Following these tips will help mini
- Page 141 and 142: SCSI Configuration Troubleshooting
- Page 143 and 144: Using FDISK 125 Using FDISK FDISK i
- Page 145 and 146: Benefits of Hard Disk Partitioning
- Page 147 and 148: How FDISK and the Operating System
- Page 149 and 150: How FDISK and the Operating System
- Page 151 and 152: Now, the operating system can use t
- Page 153 and 154: The command switches are explained
- Page 155 and 156: MS-DOS Command-Line Access to CD-RO
- Page 157 and 158: • Make sure the drive shows up as
- Page 159: Troubleshooting Optical Drives 141
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- Page 164 and 165: 146 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
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- Page 172 and 173: 154 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 174 and 175: 156 • OnStream’s ADR (Advanced
- Page 176 and 177: 158 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 178 and 179: 160 Table 5.13 High-Performance Tap
- Page 180 and 181: 162 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 182 and 183: 164 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 184 and 185: 166 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
- Page 186 and 187: 168 Table 6.2 25-Pin (PC, XT, and P
- Page 188 and 189: 170 Table 6.4 Overview of UART Chip
- Page 190 and 191: 172 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
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- Page 202 and 203: 184 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
- Page 204 and 205: 186 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
- Page 206 and 207: 188 (These settings require changes
- Page 208 and 209: 190 Chapter 7—Parallel Ports, Pri
- Page 210 and 211: 192 Building a Parallel Loopback Pl
- Page 212 and 213: 194 Chapter 7—Parallel Ports, Pri
- Page 214 and 215: 196 Chapter 7—Parallel Ports, Pri
Table 5.3 Floppy Drive Troubleshooting Tips Continued<br />
Problem Cause Solution<br />
Drive LED remains Data cable is on Reinstall the cable properly and retest.<br />
on continuously. backward at either<br />
the drive or<br />
controller<br />
connection.<br />
The data cable Reinstall the cable properly and retest;<br />
could be offset on<br />
the connector by<br />
one or more pins.<br />
replace cable if this doesn’t work.<br />
Phantom<br />
directories—you<br />
Defective cable. Replace the cable and retest.<br />
have exchanged Improper drive Older drives must have their DC jumper<br />
disks in the drive,<br />
but the system<br />
configuration. (for Drive Changeline support) enabled.<br />
still believes the Defective drive or Replace the drive and retest.<br />
previous disk is<br />
inserted, and even<br />
shows directories<br />
of the previous<br />
disk.<br />
interface.<br />
Note<br />
Floppy Drives 149<br />
Windows users: Windows does not automatically refresh the display<br />
with File Manager, Explorer, and so on by default. Use the<br />
F5 key or click Refresh to re-read the disk.<br />
Common Floppy Drive Error Messages—Causes and<br />
Solutions<br />
Table 5.4 Handling Floppy Drive Error Messages<br />
Error Message Cause Solution<br />
Invalid Media or You are formatting the Make sure you are using the<br />
Track Zero Bad, disk and the disk media right type of disk for your drive<br />
Disk Unusable type does not match and formatting the disk to its<br />
the format parameters. correct capacity.<br />
Defective or damaged<br />
disk.<br />
Replace the disk and retest.<br />
Dirty read/write heads. Clean drive, allow heads to dry,<br />
and retest.<br />
CRC Error or The data read from the Replace the disk and retest.<br />
Disk Error 23 disk does not match the Clean the drive heads, allow them<br />
data that was originally to dry, and retest. Use Norton<br />
written. (CRC stands for Utilities or SpinRite to recover data<br />
Cyclic Redundancy Check.) from disk.
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