UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs
UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs
136 that sounds normal. Before deciding a hard disk is defective, test it on another known-working system. If the problem goes away on another system, the drive is not the problem (see Table 4.28). Note Chapter 4—SCSI and IDE Hard Drives and Optical Drives Before using this table, verify that your drive’s BIOS configuration is correct. If your system’s LBA or other drive translation settings are disabled and your drive needs them, it will appear to hang. Table 4.28 Hard and Soft Problems and Solutions Symptom Cause Solution Drive makes banging Stiction (Static friction) If drive hangs, try tapping noise on initial power is causing the heads gently on one corner to up; can’t boot without to stick to the media free the heads or mount restarting the computer because of an aging the drive upside down. a couple of times; mechanism and Back up data and replace usually found on very lubrication problems drive as soon as possible. old (under 100MB) RLL or MFM hard disks only; these drives use two (20-pin and 34-pin) data and signal cables. internally. Drive makes scratching Severe head damage, Replace drive. or “boinging” noise probably caused by internally; won’t boot. impact (fall or drop). Drive spins normally If cable and jumpering Replace logic board or but can’t be recognized. okay, probably failed logic board. replace drive. Drive has repetitive If system rebooted or Remind user to shut down errors detected by was turned off without computer normally. SCANDISK or other proper shutdown, these disk testing utility. are temporary files that weren’t closed. This does not indicate a hardware problem. If normal shutdown If normal shutdown procedure followed, procedure was followed, might indicate get manufacturer utility marginal disk to detect and remap surface. sectors and retest drive frequently. If drive doesn’t improve, replace as soon as possible. If replacing the logic assembly does not solve the problem, contact the manufacturer or a specialized repair shop that has clean-room facilities for hard disk repair.
MS-DOS Command-Line Access to CD-ROM Drives 137 Optical Drive Interface Types Most internal CD-ROM, CD-R, and CD-RW drives are ATAPI-based (ATAPI uses the standard IDE interface). Some high-performance drives in either internal or external form factors are SCSI-based. Physical installation and cabling is the same as for any other IDE (ATAPI) or SCSI device, as seen earlier in this chapter. Some external drives use parallel-port or USB port connectors. See Chapter 7, “Parallel Ports, Printers, Scanners, and Drives,” and Chapter 8, “USB and IEEE-1394 Ports and Devices,” for troubleshooting and configuration tips for drives using these interface types. MS-DOS Command-Line Access to CD-ROM Drives for Reloading Windows CD-ROM drives are normally controlled in Windows 9x and Me by 32-bit drivers, but these drivers will not work if the operating system becomes corrupted or if Windows will only work in Safe mode. In those cases, having access to the CD-ROM drive becomes critical to enable you to reload the operating system. In Windows 98 and Me, the Emergency Disk you can create during initial installation or later contains drivers that work for most IDE/ATAPI and SCSI-based CD-ROM drives. In addition, the disk will try each driver until it finds one that works. In Windows 95, the Emergency Disk does not contain drivers for the CD-ROM. Follow these general guidelines to create a working boot disk with CD-ROM support. This same process will work for MS-DOS/Windows 3.1 users. The following instructions are for IDE (ATAPI) CD-ROM drives. SCSI-based, CD-ROM drives will also require SCSI device drivers for the host adapter and devices attached: 1. Create the Windows 95 Emergency Disk (it’s bootable) from the Control Panel’s Add/Remove Programs icon—Windows Setup tab. This process destroys all previous contents on the disk. 2. Copy the following files to your bootable disk in the A: drive: • MYCDROM.SYS—Use the actual driver name for your CD-ROM drive and copy it from the file’s actual location. If you don’t have an MS-DOS driver, you can download one from the drive’s manufacturer, or download an ATAPI driver called AOATAPI.SYS available from several Web sites.
- Page 103 and 104: Phoenix BIOS Beep Codes The followi
- Page 105 and 106: Port 80h Beep Code Codes Error Mess
- Page 107 and 108: BIOS Configuration Worksheet 89 BIO
- Page 109 and 110: BIOS Configuration Worksheet 91 Sha
- Page 111 and 112: 4 SCSI and IDE Hard Drives and Opti
- Page 113 and 114: Cable key prevents improperly plugg
- Page 115 and 116: Breaking the 504MB (528-Million-Byt
- Page 117 and 118: Table 4.3 Using LBA Mode Operating
- Page 119 and 120: 5. Use the #4 option—View Current
- Page 121 and 122: Using LBA Mode 103 Table 4.6 Why ID
- Page 123 and 124: Sources for BIOS Upgrades 105 Table
- Page 125 and 126: Improving Hard Disk Speed 107 Figur
- Page 127 and 128: Bus-Mastering Chipsets for IDE 109
- Page 129 and 130: Table 4.13 Bus-Mastering Chipsets b
- Page 131 and 132: Table 4.14 Other IDE Drive Installa
- Page 133 and 134: standard single-ended SCSI devices
- Page 135 and 136: SCSI Drive and Device Configuration
- Page 137 and 138: SCSI Drive and Device Configuration
- Page 139 and 140: Following these tips will help mini
- Page 141 and 142: SCSI Configuration Troubleshooting
- Page 143 and 144: Using FDISK 125 Using FDISK FDISK i
- Page 145 and 146: Benefits of Hard Disk Partitioning
- Page 147 and 148: How FDISK and the Operating System
- Page 149 and 150: How FDISK and the Operating System
- Page 151 and 152: Now, the operating system can use t
- Page 153: The command switches are explained
- Page 157 and 158: • Make sure the drive shows up as
- Page 159: Troubleshooting Optical Drives 141
- Page 162 and 163: 144 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 164 and 165: 146 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
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- Page 174 and 175: 156 • OnStream’s ADR (Advanced
- Page 176 and 177: 158 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 178 and 179: 160 Table 5.13 High-Performance Tap
- Page 180 and 181: 162 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 182 and 183: 164 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
- Page 184 and 185: 166 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
- Page 186 and 187: 168 Table 6.2 25-Pin (PC, XT, and P
- Page 188 and 189: 170 Table 6.4 Overview of UART Chip
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MS-DOS Command-Line Access to CD-ROM Drives 137<br />
Optical Drive Interface Types<br />
Most internal CD-ROM, CD-R, and CD-RW drives are ATAPI-based<br />
(ATAPI uses the standard IDE interface). Some high-performance<br />
drives in either internal or external form factors are SCSI-based.<br />
Physical installation and cabling is the same as for any other IDE<br />
(ATAPI) or SCSI device, as seen earlier in this chapter.<br />
Some external drives use parallel-port or USB port connectors. See<br />
Chapter 7, “Parallel Ports, Printers, Scanners, and Drives,” and<br />
Chapter 8, “USB and IEEE-1394 Ports and Devices,” for troubleshooting<br />
and configuration tips for drives using these interface types.<br />
MS-DOS Command-Line Access to<br />
CD-ROM Drives for Reloading<br />
Windows<br />
CD-ROM drives are normally controlled in Windows 9x and Me by<br />
32-bit drivers, but these drivers will not work if the operating system<br />
becomes corrupted or if Windows will only work in Safe mode. In<br />
those cases, having access to the CD-ROM drive becomes critical to<br />
enable you to reload the operating system.<br />
In Windows 98 and Me, the Emergency Disk you can create during<br />
initial installation or later contains drivers that work for most<br />
IDE/ATAPI and SCSI-based CD-ROM drives. In addition, the disk<br />
will try each driver until it finds one that works.<br />
In Windows 95, the Emergency Disk does not contain drivers for<br />
the CD-ROM. Follow these general guidelines to create a working<br />
boot disk with CD-ROM support. This same process will work for<br />
MS-DOS/Windows 3.1 users.<br />
The following instructions are for IDE (ATAPI) CD-ROM drives.<br />
SCSI-based, CD-ROM drives will also require SCSI device drivers for<br />
the host adapter and devices attached:<br />
1. Create the Windows 95 Emergency Disk (it’s bootable) from<br />
the Control Panel’s Add/Remove Programs icon—Windows<br />
Setup tab. This process destroys all previous contents on the<br />
disk.<br />
2. Copy the following files to your bootable disk in the A: drive:<br />
• MYCDROM.SYS—Use the actual driver name for your<br />
CD-ROM drive and copy it from the file’s actual location.<br />
If you don’t have an MS-DOS driver, you can<br />
download one from the drive’s manufacturer, or<br />
download an ATAPI driver called AOATAPI.SYS available<br />
from several Web sites.
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