UPGRADING REPAIRING PCs

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134 Because the only hidden files such a system would have were probably the operating system boot files (already installed) and the Windows 3.1 permanent swap file (which could be re-created after restarting Windows), this “free” data transfer routine worked well for many people. After the original drive was removed from the system, the new drive would be jumpered as master and assigned C:. You would need to run FDISK from a floppy and set the primary partition on the new C: drive as Active. Then, exit FDISK and the drive would boot. Drive Migration for Windows 9x/Me Users Windows 9x and Me have complicated the once simple act of data transfer to a new system by their frequent use of hidden files and folders (such as \Windows\Inf, where Windows hardware drivers are stored). The extensive use of hidden files was a major reason for a greatly enhanced version of XCOPY, known as XCOPY32, to be included in Windows 9x and Me. Note Chapter 4—SCSI and IDE Hard Drives and Optical Drives XCOPY32 is automatically used in place of XCOPY when XCOPY is started within a DOS session under Windows. XCOPY32, as the name implies, must be run within Windows. XCOPY32 for Windows 9x Data Transfer Compared to the classic XCOPY, XCOPY32 can copy hidden files; preserve file attributes such as system, hidden, read-only, and archive; automatically create folders; and is compatible with long filenames. Thus, using it to duplicate an existing drive is possible, but with these cautions: • The XCOPY32 command is much more complex. • Errors might occur during the copy process because of Windows’ use of temporary files during normal operation, but XCOPY32 can be forced to continue. This command line calls XCOPY32 and transfers all files and folders with their original attributes intact from the original drive (C:) to the new drive (D:). This command must be run from an MS-DOS session under Windows 9x or Me: xcopy32 c:\. d:\/s/c/h/e/r/k
The command switches are explained here: • /S—Copies folders beneath the starting folder. • /C—Continues to copy after errors. (The Windows swap file can’t be copied due to being in use.) • /H—Copies hidden and system files. • /E—Copies folders, even if empty. • /R—Overwrites read-only files. • /K—Preserves file attributes. Repeat the command with appropriate drive-letter changes for any additional drive letters on your old drive. After the original drive is removed from the system, the new drive needs to be jumpered as master (or single); the operating system will assign it C:. You also must run FDISK from a floppy and set the primary partition on the new C: drive as Active. Then, exit FDISK, and the drive will boot. This process can take a long time because of the overhead of running an MS-DOS session beneath Windows. If your hard disk comes with a disk preparation utility, such as EZ- Drive, Data Lifeguard Tools, MAXBlast, Disk Manager, Disc Wizard, or others, it might include a fast data transfer utility you can use in place of this procedure. I also recommend the PowerQuest utility DriveCopy, which uses a special method called SmartSector copying to copy hundreds of megabytes of data from the old drive to the new drive in just a few minutes. Note Hard Disk Drive Troubleshooting and Repair 135 If your hard drive was original equipment in your computer, or if you purchased a replacement from bulk stock, you might not have received the appropriate installation disk for your drive. Check the drive maker’s Web site for a downloadable version. Hard Disk Drive Troubleshooting and Repair Hard disk problems fall into two categories: hard and soft. Hard problems are triggered by mechanical problems that cause the drive to emit strange grinding or knocking noises (or no noise at all!), whereas soft problems are read and write errors that occur in a drive
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UPGRADING AND REPAIRING PCs TECHNIC
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Associate Publisher Greg Wiegand Se
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Contents 1 General Technical Refere
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Contents vii IDE Hard Drive Identif
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Serial Port Configuration 172 Avoid
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Contents xi Sound Quality Standards
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About the Authors Scott Mueller is
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watch, photograph, and (occasionall
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Tell Us What You Think! As the read
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Chapter 1 General Technical Referen
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Understanding Bits, Nibbles, and By
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Note Glossary of Essential Terms 5
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Glossary of Essential Terms 7 Table
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Glossary of Essential Terms 9 Table
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Table 1.5 Hexadecimal/ASCII Convers
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Hexadecimal/ASCII Conversions 13 Ta
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Table 1.5 Hexadecimal/ASCII Convers
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Hexadecimal/ASCII Conversions 17 Ta
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20 Chapter 2—System Components an
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36 Caution Chapter 2—System Compo
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38 Table 2.15 Troubleshooting Power
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44 modules can be divided by 9, but
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50 Other Add-On Card Configuration
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Chapter 3 3 BIOS Configurations and
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Where BIOS Updates Come From 71 Tab
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How to Recover from a Failed BIOS U
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Note A complete list of PnP device
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Other BIOS Troubleshooting Tips 77
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Determining the Motherboard Manufac
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Determining the Motherboard Manufac
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Page 103 and 104: Phoenix BIOS Beep Codes The followi
Page 105 and 106: Port 80h Beep Code Codes Error Mess
Page 107 and 108: BIOS Configuration Worksheet 89 BIO
Page 109 and 110: BIOS Configuration Worksheet 91 Sha
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Page 115 and 116: Breaking the 504MB (528-Million-Byt
Page 117 and 118: Table 4.3 Using LBA Mode Operating
Page 119 and 120: 5. Use the #4 option—View Current
Page 121 and 122: Using LBA Mode 103 Table 4.6 Why ID
Page 123 and 124: Sources for BIOS Upgrades 105 Table
Page 125 and 126: Improving Hard Disk Speed 107 Figur
Page 127 and 128: Bus-Mastering Chipsets for IDE 109
Page 129 and 130: Table 4.13 Bus-Mastering Chipsets b
Page 131 and 132: Table 4.14 Other IDE Drive Installa
Page 133 and 134: standard single-ended SCSI devices
Page 135 and 136: SCSI Drive and Device Configuration
Page 137 and 138: SCSI Drive and Device Configuration
Page 139 and 140: Following these tips will help mini
Page 141 and 142: SCSI Configuration Troubleshooting
Page 143 and 144: Using FDISK 125 Using FDISK FDISK i
Page 145 and 146: Benefits of Hard Disk Partitioning
Page 147 and 148: How FDISK and the Operating System
Page 149 and 150: How FDISK and the Operating System
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Page 155 and 156: MS-DOS Command-Line Access to CD-RO
Page 157 and 158: • Make sure the drive shows up as
Page 159: Troubleshooting Optical Drives 141
Page 162 and 163: 144 Chapter 5—Floppy, Removable,
Page 174 and 175: 156 • OnStream’s ADR (Advanced
Page 178 and 179: 160 Table 5.13 High-Performance Tap
Page 184 and 185: 166 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
Page 186 and 187: 168 Table 6.2 25-Pin (PC, XT, and P
Page 188 and 189: 170 Table 6.4 Overview of UART Chip
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184 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
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186 Chapter 6—Serial Ports and Mo
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188 (These settings require changes
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190 Chapter 7—Parallel Ports, Pri
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192 Building a Parallel Loopback Pl
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