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Network Protocols 275
Network Protocols
The second most important choice you must make when you create
your network is which network protocol you will use. The network
protocol affects with which types of computers your network
can connect.
The three major network protocols are TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, and
NetBEUI. Unlike data-link protocols, though, network protocols are
not tied to particular hardware (NIC or cable) choices. Network
protocols are software and can be installed or removed to any computer
on the network at any time as necessary.
Table 11.6 summarizes the differences between these protocols.
Table 11.6 Overview of Network Protocols and Suites
Included in
Protocol Protocol Suite Best Used for Notes
IP TCP/IP Internet and large Also used for dial-up Internet
networks access; native protocol suite of
Windows 2000, Windows Me, and
Novell NetWare 5.x
IPX IPX/SPX Networks with Used by NetWare 5.x for certain
Novell 4.x and
earlier servers
special features only
NetBEUI N/A Windows 9x, Me, Can’t be routed between networks;
2000, or Windows simplest network protocol; also
for Workgroups used with Direct Cable Connection
peer networks NIC-less “networking”
All the computers on any given network must use the same network
protocol or protocol suite to communicate with each other.
IP and TCP/IP
IP stands for Internet Protocol; it is the network layer of the collection
of protocols (or protocol suite) developed for use on the
Internet and commonly known as TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol).
Later, the TCP/IP protocols were adopted by the UNIX operating
systems, and they have now become the most commonly used protocol
suite on PC LANs. Virtually every operating system with networking
capabilities supports TCP/IP, and it is well on its way to
displacing all the other competing protocols. Novell NetWare 5 and
Windows 2000 both use TCP/IP as their native protocol for most
services.