2008 edition - Fort Sam Houston - U.S. Army

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R.C.M. 1306(d) cused may request review of a final conviction by summary court-martial by the Judge Advocate General in accordance with R.C.M. 1201(b)(3). II-182
Rule 101. Scope ( a ) A p p l i c a b i l i t y . T h e s e r u l e s a r e a p p l i c a b l e i n courts-martial, including summary courts-martial, to the extent and with the exceptions stated in Mil. R. Evid. 1101. (b) Secondary Sources. If not otherwise prescribed in this Manual or these rules, and insofar as practicable and not inconsistent with or contrary to the code or this Manual, courts-martial shall apply: (1) First, the rules of evidence generally recognized in the trial of criminal cases in the United States district courts; and ( 2 ) S e c o n d , w h e n n o t i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h s u b - division(b)(1), the rules of evidence at common law. (c) Rule of construction. Except as otherwise provided in these rules, the term “military judge” inc l u d e s t h e p r e s i d e n t o f a s p e c i a l c o u r t - m a r t i a l without a military judge and a summary court-martial officer. Rule 102. Purpose and construction These rules shall be construed to secure fairness i n a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , e l i m i n a t i o n o f u n j u s t i f i a b l e e x - pense and delay, and promotion of growth and development of the law of evidence to the end that the t r u t h m a y b e a s c e r t a i n e d a n d p r o c e e d i n g s j u s t l y determined. Rule 103. Ruling on evidence (a) Effect of erroneous ruling. Error may not be predicated upon a ruling which admits or excludes evidence unless the ruling materially prejudices a substantial right of a party, and (1) Objection. In case the ruling is one admitting evidence, a timely objection or motion to strike appears of record, stating the specific ground of objection, if the specific ground was not apparent from the context; or (2) Offer of proof. In case the ruling is one excluding evidence, the substance of the evidence was made known to the military judge by offer or was apparent from the context within which questions were asked. Once the military judge makes a defini- PART III MILITARY RULES OF EVIDENCE SECTION I GENERAL PROVISIONS tive ruling on the record admitting or excluding evidence, either at or before trial, a party need not renew an objection or offer of proof to preserve a claim of error for appeal. The standard provided in this subdivision does not apply to errors involving r e q u i r e m e n t s i m p o s e d b y t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e United States as applied to members of the armed forces except insofar as the error arises under these rules and this subdivision provides a standard that is more advantageous to the accused than the constitutional standard. (b) Record of offer and ruling. The military judge may add any other or further statement which shows the character of the evidence, the form in which it w a s o f f e r e d , t h e o b j e c t i o n m a d e , a n d t h e r u l i n g thereon. The military judge may direct the making of an offer in question and answer form. (c) Hearing of members. In a court-martial composed of a military judge and members, proceedings shall be conducted, to the extent practicable, so as to prevent inadmissible evidence from being suggested to the members by any means, such as making statements or offers of proof or asking questions in the hearing of the members. (d) Plain error. Nothing in this rule precludes taking notice of plain errors that materially prejudice substantial rights although they were not brought to the attention of the military judge. Rule 104. Preliminary questions (a) Questions of admissibility generally. Preliminary questions concerning the qualification of a person to be a witness, the existence of a privilege, the admissibility of evidence, an application for a continuance, or the availability of a witness shall be determined by the military judge. In making these determinations the military judge is not bound by the rules of evidence except those with respect to privileges. ( b ) R e l e v a n c y c o n d i t i o n e d o n f a c t . W h e n t h e relevancy of evidence depends upon the fulfillment of a condition of fact, the military judge shall admit it upon, or subject to, the introduction of evidence sufficient to support a finding of the fulfillment of the condition. A ruling on the sufficiency of evi- III-1
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MANUAL FOR COURTS-MARTIAL UNITED ST
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PREFACE The Manual for Courts-Marti
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MRE 503 regarding the privilege att
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PART I PREAMBLE 1. Sources of milit
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MCM 2008 (l) Confinement after rele
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MCM 2008 (d) When charges may be re
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MCM 2008 (d) Effect of replacement
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MCM 2008 (b) Refusal to plead; irre
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MCM 2008 Rule 923. Impeachment of f
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MCM 2008 (c) Loss of record. . . .
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MCM 2008 (b) Petition by the accuse
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MCM 2008 SECTION III EXCLUSIONARY R
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MCM 2008 Rule 321. Eyewitness ident
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MCM 2008 Rule 509. Deliberations of
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MCM 2008 (15) Statements in documen
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MCM 2008 c. Explanation. . . . . .
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MCM 2008 a. Text of statute. . . .
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MCM 2008 f. Sample specification. .
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MCM 2008 d. Lesser included offense
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MCM 2008 d. Lesser included offense
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MCM 2008 b. Elements. . . . . . . .
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MCM 2008 f. Sample specification. .
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MCM 2008 a. Notice. . . . . . . . .
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1. Sources of military jurisdiction
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Rule 101. Scope, title (a) In gener
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they remain possessions, but does n
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eviewing authority with respect to
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Discussion Complaints need not be m
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Rule 201. Jurisdiction in general (
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t h i s p o l i c y d o e s n o t a
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with respect to offenders or offens
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p e r s o n s u n d e r t h e l a w
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CHAPTER III. INITIATION OF CHARGES;
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(B) Under exigent circumstances des
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straint, including its terms or lim
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305(i)(1), or this subsection preve
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of evidence or of misconduct which,
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matter shall be forwarded to the ge
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essential to the offense, so they m
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CHAPTER IV. FORWARDING AND DISPOSIT
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the hour and date of receipt to be
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counsel. The investigating officer
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expenses to testify at a pretrial i
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in the Article 32 investigating off
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t h e m a t t e r ) t o a s u b o r
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court-martial without a military ju
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counsel. Responsibility for trial o
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efore assembly, request orally on t
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See also R.C.M. 401(c). Discussion
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is a member shall be reasonably ava
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vening authority may include proper
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withdrawn charges or specifications
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information which is under the cont
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gated the disadvantage caused by th
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forward it to the authority who ord
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shall grant a continuance or other
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attendance of civilian witnesses ma
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ney General of the United States or
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period of suspension of the sentenc
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Discussion Based on the report, fur
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CHAPTER VIII. TRIAL PROCEDURE GENER
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making the motion or raising the ob
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ight to be present. See also R.C.M.
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An assistant counsel who lacks the
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Rule 807. Oaths (a) Definition. “
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t h e m i l i t a r y j u d g e s h
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Rule 811. Stipulations (a) In gener
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CHAPTER IX. TRIAL PROCEDURES THROUG
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(1) “Proceeding” includes pretr
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Rule 905. Motions generally (a) Def
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determination and the grounds for i
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trial be tried separately. Such a r
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out trial of a deserter by a genera
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against them or to conduct or coope
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vening authority, or trial counsel,
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vening authority in the case, or ha
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cise a peremptory challenge before
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(5) Reopening case. The military ju
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good character, see Mil. R. Evid. 4
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Discussion The defense of accident
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(l) Not defenses generally. (1) Ign
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erly before the court-martial on th
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equested by a party or which the mi
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not for the purpose of rendering a
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“conviction” includes any dispo
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section (c)(3) of this rule, they m
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Discussion A fine is in the nature
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and desertion (see paragraph 9, Par
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( 4 ) N e c e s s a r y f i n d i n
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Page 185 and 186: (d) Voting. (1) Duty of members. Ea
Page 187 and 188: (B) With a view to decreasing. Memb
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Page 191 and 192: u n l e s s t h e s e n t e n c e p
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Page 195 and 196: Appeals. Before review, if any, by
Page 197 and 198: the court-martial or in writing, th
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Page 201 and 202: Discussion The method of service an
Page 203 and 204: mental capacity of the accused, the
Page 205 and 206: e o r d e r e d i f , i n t h e s a
Page 207 and 208: was disapproved or set aside. The c
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Page 211 and 212: one year, shall follow that set for
Page 213 and 214: ted, a waiver or withdrawal in comp
Page 215 and 216: Discussion A dismissal may not be o
Page 217 and 218: digency, unless the authority consi
Page 219 and 220: CHAPTER XII. APPEALS AND REVIEW Rul
Page 221 and 222: to request that the detailed appell
Page 223 and 224: T h e a c c u s e d m a y p e t i t
Page 225 and 226: shall take action under subsection
Page 227 and 228: e submitted by the accused personal
Page 229 and 230: CHAPTER XIII. SUMMARY COURTS-MARTIA
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Page 233: Discussion See Appendix 15 for a sa
Page 237 and 238: Rule 301. Privilege concerning comp
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Page 241 and 242: agent of a military unit or of a pe
Page 243 and 244: (3) Evidence that was obtained as a
Page 245 and 246: Rule 312. Body views and intrusions
Page 247 and 248: the time of the search. Under norma
Page 249 and 250: ( e ) P o w e r t o s e a r c h . A
Page 251 and 252: (2) takes place outside the United
Page 253 and 254: tendency to make the existence of a
Page 255 and 256: (1) Evidence offered to prove that
Page 257 and 258: (2) contact between the mouth and t
Page 259 and 260: Rule 504. Husband-wife privilege (a
Page 261 and 262: judge to have access to the classif
Page 263 and 264: any order that the interests of jus
Page 265 and 266: (A) Finding of identifiable damage.
Page 267 and 268: sonable period of time disclosure i
Page 269 and 270: of evidence of a patient’s record
Page 271 and 272: inadmissible except that a convicti
Page 273 and 274: Rule 702. Testimony by experts If s
Page 275 and 276: with the provisions of paragraph (6
Page 277 and 278: ing in the death of the alleged vic
Page 279 and 280: and actually recorded or filed in a
Page 281: i n g s e x c e p t t h o s e i n w
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1.b.(2)(b)(ii) as a party, where th
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3.b.(2) robbery, but guilty of wron
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5.c.(3) agreement must, at least in
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6.f.(1) or committed, add the follo
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9.a.(a)(3) (3) without being regula
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9.c.(2)(c) ous duty or important se
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10.c.(4)(d) or duty section with th
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11.c. c. Explanation. (1) Movement.
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13.c.(1)(b) prevented. The victim i
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14.c.(2)(b) must be directed specif
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15.b.(3)(f) or was disrespectful to
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16.c.(1)(b) tains its character as
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17.c.(2) even though the duties are
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18.f.(3) with intent to cause the (
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19.c.(5)(c) without force or artifi
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20.e.(3) Dishonorable discharge, fo
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23.b.(2)(c) (c) That this act occur
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23.d.(6)(b) (b) Article 80—attemp
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24.f.(1) of , (to give up to the en
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27.b.(3)(a) otherwise dealt in or d
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28.c.(5)(a) i n f o r m a t i o n v
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30.a. commission and on conviction
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30a.c. c. Explanation. (1) Intent.
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32.c.(2) cludes: deliberate violati
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33.c.(2) this section, the destruct
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34.f.(3) w e e n a n d h o u r s on
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35.e.(1) discharge, forfeiture of a
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37.c.(2) the accused did not know t
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37.f.(3) aircraft, vehicle, or inst
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39.f.(1) (with ), using as weapons
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41.f.(1) w i t h ( a n d ) ( a n d
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43.c.(3)(b) members of the body, se
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44.e. e. Maximum punishment. ( 1 )
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44a.d.(2)(a) (a) Article 119a — k
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45.a.(o)(1) had not attained the ag
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45.a.(t)(12)(B) (B) that other pers
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45.b.(3)(c) ble of appraising the a
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45.b.(8)(c) stantially incapacitate
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45.e.(2)(a) - (f) (2)(a) - (f) Rape
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45.g.(2)(c) 16 years, by causing gr
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45.g.(7)(b)(i) wit: against (him)(h
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45.g.(14) indecent manner (his) (he
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46.c.(1)(c)(ii) ( i i ) O w n e r .
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46.c.(1)(h)(i) the general or speci
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47.c.(3) (3) Fear. For a robbery to
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48.f.(1) (1) Forgery—making or al
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49.c.(13) ( 1 3 ) U p o n i t s p r
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50.f. data, if required) on or abou
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52.f.(1)(b) T h e a t e r ) ( , t h
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54.c.(1)(b)(ii) r e a s o n a b l e
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54.c.(4)(b)(ii) as when the victim
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55.b.(1) ( 1 ) T h a t t h e a c c
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57.b.(1)(c) (c) That the oath or af
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58.b.(3) ( 3 ) M a k i n g o r u s
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58.f.(1) ( f a l s e a n d f r a u
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60.a. be guilty, shall be taken cog
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61. 61. Article 134—(Abusing publ
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64.c.(6) intent to commit sodomy. A
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67.b.(2) the intent to defraud a ce
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68a.f.(2) culpable negligence) (whi
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72.b.(5) discipline in the armed fo
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76.f. w a s , ( a t / o n b o a r d
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79.c.(1) ing under a lawful oath or
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83.c.(1) tion of the custom of the
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89.b.(3) discipline in the armed fo
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93.f.(1) (1) Taking. In that (perso
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96a.b.(2) tain person against whom
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97a.c.(2) role, such as paying rest
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100a.f. f. Sample specification. In
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104.c.(2)(a) graph 38c applies to l
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108.c. charge of wrongful to testif
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110.f. ( a c c u s e o f h a v i n
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PART V NONJUDICIAL PUNISHMENT PROCE
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authority is considering the imposi
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(ii) correctional custody for not m
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(2) a subsequent period of active d
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o f a n y w r i t t e n m a t t e r
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Art. 1, § 5 APPENDIX 1 Section 6.
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Art. 2, § 3 APPENDIX 1 them, with
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Amdt. XII APPENDIX 1 number of Elec
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Amdt. XXV, § 1 APPENDIX 1 shall ta
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§ 802. Art. 2.(a)(4) APPENDIX 2 (4
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§ 809. Art. 9.(b) APPENDIX 2 o f h
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SUBCHAPTER IV. APPENDIX 2 Sec. Art.
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§ 825. Art. 25.(b)(2) APPENDIX 2 (
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§ 832. Art. 32.(b) APPENDIX 2 prov
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§ 839. Art. 39.(a) APPENDIX 2 this
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§ 847. Art. 47. APPENDIX 2 § 847.
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§ 854. Art. 54.(a) APPENDIX 2 the
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SUBCHAPTER IX. APPENDIX 2 Sec. Art.
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§ 864. Art. 64.(b)(2) APPENDIX 2 (
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§ 869. Art. 69.(e) APPENDIX 2 (e)
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§ 876b. Art. 76b.(a)(4)(C) APPENDI
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§ 886. Art. 86.(1) APPENDIX 2 ( 1
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§ 906a. Art. 106a.(a)(1) APPENDIX
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§ 919a. Art. 119a. APPENDIX 2 § 9
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§ 920. Art. 120.(t)(4)(C) APPENDIX
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§ 924. Art. 124.(2) APPENDIX 2 (2)
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§ 938. Art. 138. APPENDIX 2 court-
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§ 943. Art. 143.(b) APPENDIX 2 (b)
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Department of Defense DIRECTIVE APP
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MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN
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Department of Justice determines th
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A4-2 APPENDIX 4
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A5-2 APPENDIX 5
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[ N o t e 8 . M e m b e r s m a y b
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A7-2 APPENDIX 7
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 [Note 10. See R.C
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 Election to be tr
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 ACC: . Maximum pe
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 A8-8 [Note 33. If
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 AC: . MJ: Has any
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 Assembly/prelimin
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 Oath of witness [
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 Out of court hear
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 MJ: Which of thes
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 GCM subject to re
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App. 8 APPENDIX 8 A8-22 MJ: The cou
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App. 9 APPENDIX 9 ACC: . Right to o
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App. 9 APPENDIX 9 SCM: Do you under
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App. 9 APPENDIX 9 SCM: By your plea
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App. 9 APPENDIX 9 Acceptance of gui
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App. 9 APPENDIX 9 Procedure if tota
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App. 9 APPENDIX 9 Entry on charge s
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a. Announcement of sentence APPENDI
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APPENDIX 12 MAXIMUM PUNISHMENT CHAR
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App. 12, Art. 120 This chart was co
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App. 13 APPENDIX 13 Receipt for rec
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App. 13 APPENDIX 13 Prior participa
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App. 13 APPENDIX 13 Note. If there
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App. 13 APPENDIX 13 I don’t know
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App. 13 APPENDIX 13 Instructions Th
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APPENDIX 14 GUIDE FOR PREPARATION O
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of the exhibit, as appropriate, as
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SSEs, Reporter’s Notes and Gestur
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Bench conferences and Article 39(a)
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GUIDE FOR PREPARATION OF RECORD OF
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A15-2 APPENDIX 15
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App. 16 APPENDIX 16 Deferment of co
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App. 16 APPENDIX 16 certain rights,
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App. 16 APPENDIX 16 thority who may
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App. 17 APPENDIX 17 Specification:
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App. 17 APPENDIX 17 Remissions; sus
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APPENDIX 18 Report of Proceedings t
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APPENDIX 18 A18-3
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APPENDIX 19 Waiver/Withdrawal of Ap
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APPENDIX 20 Waiver/Withdrawal of Ap
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APPENDIX 21 ANALYSIS OF RULES FOR C
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this analysis was drafted, the spec
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previous Manuals. It is defined to
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straint may be necessary to ensure
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The Schooner Exchange v. McFaddon a
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220 (C.M.A. 1979); United States v.
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4 1 C . M . R . 2 9 ( 1 9 6 9 ) . S
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inconsistent with Fed.R. Crim. P. 4
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and to act. See Article 9(e). See a
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e m a i n i n g p r e t r i a l c o
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after trial. It is the responsibili
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( i ) P r i n c i p a l s — p a r
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third paragraph of paragraph 34 d o
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Rule 406 Pretrial advice ( a ) I n
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convening authority to avoid appoin
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Function section 3-3.9(a) (1979). C
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Providing broad discovery at an ear
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(f); paragraph 117 b(11) of MCM, 19
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u n d e r c o n t r a c t t o t h e
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(1964). See also United States v. S
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M.J. 354 (C.M.A. 1983), the Court s
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lish the outlines of their responsi
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make rulings at a 43(c)(2) conferen
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emains. Trial may not proceed with
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language of Article 48 applies only
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document is true. In this sense, a
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and 25, and United States v. Jeanba
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estrict the power of the convening
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to a court-martial. Cf. Lee v. Unit
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(a) In general. Subsection (1) is b
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v. Greene, 20 U.S.C.M.A. 232, 43 C.
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stituted for “in their possession
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least 16 years of age. The changes
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Cotten, 10 M.J. 260 (C.M.A. 1981);
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for in R.C.M. 918(a). But see Carro
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much information as the military ju
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e s t r i c t i o n , h a r d l a b
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the first of two “thresholds” b
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accused intended to affect national
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erence to the percentage of agreeme
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subsection implements Article 58b,
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the record. In subsection (A), the
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the defense may submit matters in i
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of showing lack of mental capacity
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President, remission or suspension
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the first paragraph of paragraph 98
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Rule 1202 Appellate counsel (a) In
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guilty, see Article 44; R.C.M. 905(
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(b) Contents. This subsection is ba
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App. 22, M.R.E. 101(a) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 105 APPENDIX 22 sta
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App. 22, M.R.E. 301(b)(1) APPENDIX
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App. 22, M.R.E. 302 APPENDIX 22 the
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App. 22, M.R.E. 304(d)(3) APPENDIX
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App. 22, M.R.E. 304(h)(3) APPENDIX
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App. 22, M.R.E. 305(e) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 311(b) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 312(c) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 314(c) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 315(h) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 412 APPENDIX 22 whi
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App. 22, M.R.E. 501 APPENDIX 22 app
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App. 22, M.R.E. 506 APPENDIX 22 Rul
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App. 22, M.R.E. 509 APPENDIX 22 Rul
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App. 22, M.R.E. 610 APPENDIX 22 ble
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App. 22, M.R.E. 701 APPENDIX 22 chi
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App. 22, M.R.E. 801(d)(1) APPENDIX
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App. 22, M.R.E. 803(4) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 803(19-20) APPENDIX
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App. 22, M.R.E. 1001(4) APPENDIX 22
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App. 22, M.R.E. 1102 APPENDIX 22 ne
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Pun. Art. 78 APPENDIX 23 on Article
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Pun. Art. 86 APPENDIX 23 (6) Inabil
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Pun. Art. 92 APPENDIX 23 e. Maximum
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Pun. Art. 95 APPENDIX 23 forces may
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Pun. Art. 108 APPENDIX 23 mum punis
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Pun. Art. 112 APPENDIX 23 wide Surv
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Pun. Art. 119 APPENDIX 23 slaughter
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Pun. Art. 122 APPENDIX 23 d. Lesser
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Pun. Art. 131 APPENDIX 23 1746 of t
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Pun. Art. 134 APPENDIX 23 United St
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Pun. Art. 134 APPENDIX 23 88. Artic
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Pun. Art. 134 APPENDIX 23 6c, no. 1
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APPENDIX 24 ANALYSIS OF NONJUDICIAL
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 12473 AS AMENDED BY
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THE WHITE HOUSE February 19, 1986 H
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investigation, referral of charges,
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EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12767 AMENDMENT
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 12888 AMENDMENTS TO
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this rule to have military counsel
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c r i m e t r i e d b y c o u r t -
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THE WHITE HOUSE December 23, 1993.
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fenses may not serve as the princip
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cials have a reasonable suspicion b
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 12960 AMENDMENTS TO
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postpone service of a sentence to c
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subsection (i)(3) reasonably could
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speed or erratic operation, but all
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which may properly or normally be e
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such as witness statements, investi
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However, the United States may not
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immediate need for the accused; the
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u. R.C.M. 1107(d)(3)(A) is amended
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have the authority to vacate any pu
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considered for its bearing on any m
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self from custody before being rele
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ta), having been placed in (post-tr
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 13140 1999 AMENDMEN
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(4) when a psychotherapist or assis
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Martial 502, 804, and 914A shall on
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HISTORICAL EXECUTIVE ORDERS A25-53
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Executive Order 13365 of December 3
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trait of character offered by an ac
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the effective date of this order th
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e conducted unless at least three m
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“In that (personal jurisdiction d
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lowing after the second sentence:
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emote means. At a minimum, all part
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property (known to be occupied by)
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d i c t i o n d a t a , i f r e q u
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ANNEX Section 1. Part II of the Man
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a person other than the accused was
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person subject to this chapter who
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(ii) a threat — (I) to accuse any
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(i) That the accused engaged in a s
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with or by a child or by another pe
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(8) Abusive sexual contact. (a) Art
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d r u g , i n t o x i c a n t , o r
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( b ) A g g r a v a t e d s e x u a
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(his)(her)( ) knowledge or permissi
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( n ) P a r a g r a p h 5 4 , A r t
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In that (personal jurisdiction data
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APPENDIX 26 THE JOINT SERVICE COMMI
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THE JOINT SERVICE COMMITTEE ON MILI
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ceased to resist only because of a
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wrongfully expose in an indecent ma
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page A
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page S
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page T
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page C
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page R
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Court-marti
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page D
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page O
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page W
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page P
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page H
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page j
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page M
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page M
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Jurisdictio
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page G
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page I
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page U
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page W
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MCM, 2008 INDEX Subject Ref. Page O
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Part I Preamble Part II Rules for C
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